Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Blood levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and epinephrine are increased in conditions such as severe hypoxia, and hypovolemic or septic shock. The effect of these agents, which influence the blood coagulation system, were studied in vitro on platelets from newborns. 5-HT was determined in platelets from 18 newborns and 28 adults. The 5-HT content was 0.305 +/- 0.144 microgram/10(9) platelets in newborns and 0.675 +/- 0.212 microgram/10(9) platelets in the adult controls, a difference which is statistically significant (P less than 0.001). The 5-HT content of newborn platelets proved to be higher than that reported in the literature. Further studies on platelet aggregation due to 5-HT and epinephrine were then carried out. These demonstrated first-phase aggregation in 40% of cases when both 5-HT and epinephrine were applied simultaneously, while in the majority of the newborns no reaction was encountered when each of these substances was applied separately. However, in 2 cases, simultaneous application of 5-HT and epinephrine produced both first- and second-phase platelet aggregation. The reduced response of the platelets in the newborn to these aggregating agents can be considered as a protection against disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), particularly in high-risk situations.
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PMID:The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine and epinephrine on newborn platelets. 66 24

1. Injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or endotoxin into mice and rats induces a prolonged increase in serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine: 5HT), predominantly in the liver. 2. The 5HT increase reflects the accumulation of platelets in the sinusoidal and perisinusoidal Disse spaces (spaces between endothelial cells and hepatocytes) in the liver. 3. Most of the platelets which accumulated in these spaces still retained their intact structure and a large amount of 5HT. 4. Interleukin-1 and/or tumor necrosis factor also induce the platelet response. 5. Kupffer's cells play a key role in this platelet response. 6. Anti-platelet drugs currently used, except for anti-inflammatory steroids, were ineffective in preventing the platelet response. 7. This platelet response is different from the well known platelet aggregation. 8. The possible involvement of this platelet response in insulin-independent hypoglycaemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, septic shock, hepatitis, Shwartzman type reactions or self-defense mechanisms is discussed.
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PMID:Active translocation of platelets into sinusoidal and Disse spaces in the liver in response to lipopolysaccharides, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. 827 Jan 61