Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-two children with solid tumors (lymphangioma, fibrosarcoma, hepatocarcinoma, osteogenic sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, lymphosarcoma, mesenchymoma, hepatoma, Ewing's sarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, and brain tumors) were studied for alterations in coagulation by means of platelet counts, platelet aggregation, thrombelastogram, procoagulant and antigenic factor VIII, fibrin split products, and antithrombin III level. Results indicated hypercoagulability as shown by abnormally short thrombelastograms and elevated factor VIII levels and platelet counts in approximately one-half of the group. With the exception of increased fibrin split products in a third of the patients, little laboratory or clinical evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen. Hypercoagulability, as noted in adult carcinoma patients, can also occur in childhood sarcoma patients.
 ...
PMID:Hypercoagulability in childhood cancer. 120 73

Hypercoagulability and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are characterized by the presence of circulating fibrin monomer complexes in plasma. In 342 patients with possible DIC fibrin monomers, fibrinogen, Reptilase Time, antithrombin III and other coagulation parameters were determined at frequent intervals. Testing of soluble fibrin monomer complexes was performed using a sensitive and reliable hemagglutation assay with red cells sensitized by fibrin monomers (FM-Test) and the ethanol gelation test (EGT). Method comparison regarding the influence of fibrinogen levels and fibrin degradation products shows that high fibrinogen levels lead to false-positive results with EGT. The same effect is observed for fibrin degradation products and EGT whereas no influence of fibrinogen level and fibrin degradation products on the FM-Test occurs. It is well-known that during DIC AT III level decreases caused by proteolytic activity. In this study it could be shown that fibrin monomer increases parallel to the decrease of AT III. The same effect does not occur due to fibrin degradation products.
 ...
PMID:Detection of soluble fibrin monomer complexes. Comparison of a haemagglutination assay with the ethanol gelation test. 246 16

This study has examined membrane lipid peroxidative damage, phospholipid (PL) organization, and coagulability of red blood cells (RBC) of newborns (N) and adults (A). Peroxidative lipid damage was assessed by quantitating malonyldialdehyde (MDA) by thiobarbituric acid-reactivity and by lipid extract fluorescence. Membrane PL organization was detected by Bee venom phospholipase-A2 (Plase) treatment, which specifically hydrolyzes outer bilayer phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Coagulability was measured by Russell's viper venom clotting time. Results show MDA level of 7.47 +/- 0.72 in N-RBC and 3.86 +/- 0.23 nmoles/ml PCV in A-RBC, with relative lipid extract fluorescence of 12 +/- 1 and 9 +/- 1 U respectively. PLase hydrolyzed 63 PC, 9 PE, and 0% PS in A-RBC and 56 PC, 16 PE, and 8% PS in N-RBC, suggesting that a portion of PS is also present in outer bilayer in N-RBC. N-RBC took 16% less time than A-RBC to form a firm fibrin clot on recalcification. This study suggests significantly greater membrane lipid peroxidative damage in the neonatal RBC. Hypercoagulability due to the PS externalization in N-RBC may have a role in the disseminated intravascular coagulation of newborn infants.
 ...
PMID:Elevated malonyldialdehyde levels, altered membrane lipid asymmetry, and hypercoagulability of erythrocytes from newborn infants. 359

Hypercoagulability and DIC are characterized by the presence of SFMC in plasma. We have devised a more rapid method with a quantitative estimation of SFMC by use of HPLC. The normal percentage of SFMC of total fibrinogen content was 2.2 +/- 0.8% in plasma. On the other hand, the amount of SFMC in DIC patients showed a level of 6.8% to 16.7%. The level of SFMC in the third postoperative day after gastrointestinal surgery was between 2.3% and 6.1%. These moderately elevated SFMC levels were suggested to be due to the state of hypercoagulability. Thus, the measurement of SFMC with HPLC is a very useful method to analyze hypercoagulability and DIC.
 ...
PMID:Rapid estimation of soluble fibrin monomer complexes by high performance liquid chromatography for the purpose of early detection of DIC. 661 82

Ninety five patients with cerebrovascular accidents were studied on their coagulation and fibrinolysis at acute stage of their onset. From the data collected in the present study, following findings were obtained; 1) Hypercoagulable state, which are responsible for the decreased antithrombin III levels, was observed at acute stage of cerebral infarction. 2) Findings from patients with cerebral hemorrhage were normal antithrombin III levels and slightly decreased alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor. These imply the fact of increased fibrinolytic activities. It is suggested that increased fibrinolysis are secondary reaction of cerebral hemorrhage. 3) Findings from patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage showed hypercoagulable state and increased fibrinolytic activities. It is considered that subarachnoid hemorrhage might have mostly a preparatory condition of disseminated intravascular coagulation among cerebrovascular accidents.
 ...
PMID:[Correlation between coagulation and fibrinolysis in patient with cerebrovascular accident at acute stage]. 715 Apr 48

Among the earliest products of a potentially succeeding disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) are the soluble fibrin monomer complexes representing a state of hypercoagulability. They are passing microcirculation as long as there are no precipitation activities, which may involve only one single organ. A typical example is the endotoxin shock followed by fibrination of the kidneys. The clogging of microcirculation by fibrination specifically released in this organ or another may be prevented in case of a well-timed diagnosis, but scarcely can be removed therapeutically (possibly therapeutical fibrinolysis). The effects of localising fibrination yet independent of clotting mechanism may be tackled by treating the causal disease. Hypercoagulability always preceding DIC can be controlled mainly by heparin. Its well-timed application depends on diagnostics which are able to define the momentary situation in the mostly progredient process, comprising a mortality of about 50%. Finally, as a possible method to assess the clinical situation the resonance thrombography, a successor of thrombelastography, is put forward.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical problems of microrheology in disseminated intravascular coagulation (author's transl)]. 719 94

Hypercoagulability is known to occur in the early phase of hemorrhagic shock. The prolongation of excessive clot formation after recovery from a shock state leads to the formation of microthrombi or disseminated intravascular coagulation which disturbs microcirculation, damaging organ function. The aim of the present study is to investigate the beneficial effect of a synthetic protease inhibitor, 6-amidino-2-naphthyl p-guanidinobenzoate dimethanesulfonate (nafamostat mesilate), in the attenuation of hypercoagulability in hemorrhagic shock. A model of hemorrhagic shock that simulates the clinical course of injured patients was created in anesthetized dogs. The animals were divided into two groups: a control group (group-C, n = 9) and an experimental group (group-E, n = 9). Animals received saline or 0.2 mg/kg of nafamostat mesilate respectively when their mean arterial pressure declined to 50 mmHg. The serum concentration of hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were determined as indicators of platelet activity and blood coagulation. In group-C, serum 5-HT was elevated significantly at 60 min after hemorrhagic shock but not so in group-E. The APTT at 30 and 60 min was shorter in group-C than in group-E. The PT at 30 min was also shorter in group-C. Plasma fibrin degradation products (FDP) increased at 60 min after the induction of shock in group-C. The results indicate that inadequate tissue perfusion in shock stimulates blood coagulation and that nafamostat mesilate might be beneficial in decreasing excessive blood coagulation.
 ...
PMID:Nafamostat mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor, attenuated hypercoagulability in a canine model of hemorrhagic shock. 911 59

Hypercoagulability is widely associated with sepsis, inflammation, diabetes, cancers, aging, and many pathological conditions, resulting in life-threatening disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), venous thrombosis, thromboembolism, cardiovascular complications, or even deadly multiple organ failure. Relieving coagulation dysfunction is not only a task for research scientists but also a challenge for physicians. The development of effective anticoagulants is under way with the basic understanding of the pathophysiology of hypercoagulable state. In this overview, various anticoagulants will be discussed according to the proposed inhibitory target-sites along the extrinsic pathway that is believed to play an integral role in homeostasis. Anticoagulants generally fall into two broad categories as natural or pharmacological ones. Antithrombin (AT), activated protein C (APC), and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) mainly constitute the natural anticoagulant system apart from the recently reported physiological components such as lipoproteins, sphingosine, thrombomodulin (TM) or cellular Marcks protein. Pharmacological anticoagulants include warfarin, FVIIa inhibitors, FXa inhibitors, and thrombin inhibition by its direct inhibitors or heparins. In addition, a group of novel compounds inhibiting TF-dependent FVII activation result in anticoagulation; such upstream downregulation in the extrinsic pathway awaits further research to establish their in vivo benefits. The molecular genetic approaches such as developing soluble TF, FVII and thrombin mutants provide unique downregulation. Anticoagulation also extends its significance to anti-inflammation, making broad impacts on the improvement of human health.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical strategies to anticoagulation: a comparative overview. 1532 Aug 20

The role of thrombophilia in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is controversial. The aim of this case-controlled study was to determine whether thrombophilia increases the risk of preeclampsia or interferes with its clinical course. A total of 808 white patients who developed preeclampsia (cases) and 808 women with previous uneventful pregnancies (controls) matched for age and parity were evaluated for inherited and acquired thrombophilia (factor V Leiden; factor II G20210A; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T; protein S, protein C, and antithrombin III deficiency; anticardiolipin antibodies; lupus anticoagulant; and hyperhomocysteinemia). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of being carriers of thrombophilia in cases compared with controls and for risk of maternal life-threatening complications and adverse perinatal outcomes in preeclamptic patients with or without thrombophilia were calculated. Women with severe preeclampsia (406 cases) had a higher risk (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 3.5 to 6.9) of being carriers of either an inherited or acquired thrombophilic factor, except for protein S, protein C, and antithrombin deficiency. In women with mild preeclampsia (402 cases), only prothrombin and homozygous methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene mutations were significantly more prevalent than in the controls. Thrombophilic patients with severe preeclampsia are at increased risk of acute renal failure (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5 to 2.2), disseminated intravascular coagulation (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 6.4), abruptio placentae (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 6.0) and perinatal mortality (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 2.2) compared with nonthrombophilic preeclamptic patients. Our study demonstrates a significant association between maternal thrombophilia and severe preeclampsia in white women. Thrombophilia also augments the risk of life-threatening maternal complications and adverse perinatal outcomes in preeclamptic patients.
 ...
PMID:Thrombophilia is significantly associated with severe preeclampsia: results of a large-scale, case-controlled study. 1628 82

Hypercoagulability occurs in 15% of patients with malignancy and represents a clinical spectrum ranging from abnormal coagulation tests but no clinically evident thromboembolic disease, to arterial and venous thrombosis, migratory thrombophlebitis, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The combination of increased procoagulant activity and decreased fibrinolytic activity accelerates the prothrombotic potential of endothelial cells in malignancy. NBTE is a rare manifestation of cancer-induced hypercoagulability and is commonly seen with mucin-producing adenocarcinomas, but rarely seen with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). Cerebrovascular embolization ranges from 14-91% in NBTE. We report a rare case of a 62-year-old female presenting with occipital stroke as a consequence of NBTE in OCCC. Association of NBTE in OCCC has only been reported in 2 cases so far, but presentation with stroke has never been reported in the literature.
 ...
PMID:A rare case of occipital stroke as a consequence of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis in ovarian clear cell carcinoma: a case report. 2264 46


1 2 Next >>