Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the causes of death in 295 patients (mean (+/- SD) age 70.5 +/- 13.2 y.o.) with active non-MDR pulmonary tuberculosis who died in our hospital between 1991 and 1999. A hundred and twenty eight patients (43.4%, group A) died of tuberculosis, while 167 patients (56.6%) of other accompanying diseases. In 46 patients of the latter (15.6%, group B), pulmonary tuberculosis gave an unfavorable impact on their clinical course. In these patients the extent of pulmonary tuberculosis on chest roentgenograph was similar with the remaining 121 patients who also died of the accompanying diseases (41.0%, group C) and was less severe than those of the group A patients. Their nutritional conditions measured by serum albumin and choline-esterase level on admission, however, were as low as those of the group A patients and distinctly worse than those of the group C patients. Most patients of groups A and B died within 3 months after admission, while less than half patients of group C died during the same period. The age frequency distribution of the patients in groups B and C had a single peak in the age group 70 to 89, while that in group A showed two peaks, one similar peak as in groups B and C, and another peak in the age group 50 to 59. The numbers of homeless patients, of the patients with extensive cavitary lesions, and of the patients who died of ARDS (Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome) or severe pneumothorax in group A were the most also in the age group 50 to 59, indicating that the patients' delay in admitting to hospitals was the major cause of high motality in this age group. As to detailed causes of death in group A, patients died of respiratory failure (32 cases), emaciation (28 cases), progression of pulmonary tuberculosis (20 cases), ARDS (15 cases), tuberculosis-related diseases such as pneumothorax, hemoptysis, and DIC (24 cases). In groups B and C patients died of organ failure (36 cases), infectious diseases (33 cases) and malignancy (30 cases). The total number of died patients has increased, and the proportion of cases dying of ARDS and infectious diseases has increased statistically significantly recently.
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PMID:[The causes of death in patients with non-MDR pulmonary tuberculosis in our hospital]. 1121 78

We report an infant with congenital tuberculosis who presented with fulminant septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation and respiratory failure. Aggressive resuscitation and supportive care and prompt initiation of antituberculosis medications led to resolution of the shock state. We reviewed six other cases with a similar presentation. Congenital tuberculosis should be in the differential of the infant presenting acutely with sepsis syndrome.
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PMID:Congenital tuberculosis presenting as sepsis syndrome: case report and review of the literature. 1133 72

Data on 1112 tuberculosis patients with various neurological complications who were treated at Moscow Tuberculosis Clinical Hospital No. 7 during 1997-1999 are analyzed. A working classification of neurological complications in tuberculosis, which may be recommended to therapeutists, phthisiologists, and neurologists, is proposed. The leading neurological complications in nonspecific tuberculosis are described. The acute toxic encephalopathy syndrome that is characterized by a combination of impaired consciousness, meningeal syndrome without spinal fluid changes, epileptic seizures, disseminated neurological symptoms, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, and high death rates holds the lead. Mono- and polyneuropathies of predominantly the lower extremities are frequently detectable in tuberculosis. Concomitant alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, and isoniazid treatment make their course poorer. Vascular abnormalities of the nervous system in patients with tuberculosis run much more favourably that in those without it. Mild forms of parkinsonism were observed in 3% of patients with tuberculosis, vascular dementia is detectable rarely (0.2%), strokes run without severe overall cerebral symptoms. The high incidence of neurological diseases in patients with tuberculosis requires that specialized departments of neurology should be set up at the institutes of tuberculosis and at multidisciplinary related hospitals. The tuberculosis curricula for students and postgraduate physicians should envisage additional sections to study diseases of the nervous system in tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of neurological complications of tuberculosis]. 1150 28

Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a relatively uncommon clinicopathologic entity. The etiology is diverse, and malignancy, especially hematopoietic in origin, is the most common underlying disease of BMN. In this retrospective analysis, cases with BMN were re-evaluated for etiology, histopathologic details, and clinical manifestations. In the last 8 years, 23 cases of BMN were detected among the 1,083 bone marrow (BM) biopsies, and the prevalence was found to be 2.2%. Three of these 23 cases with BMN were children, and 20 cases were in adults. Sixteen of these cases (80%) had underlying malignant disease, and four (20%) had nonmalignant disease. Among the malignant cases, three cases had acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), four had relapsed Hodgkin's disease (R-HD), one had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), two had chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), two had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), three had disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with metastatic solid tumor, and one had myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative syndrome (MDS/MPS). Among the nonmalignant cases, two had tuberculosis infection, one had anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS), and one had a history of drug ingestion. The most common symptoms were bone pain, fever, fatigue, and jaundice. The most common laboratory findings were variable and associated with underlying disease, but anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and high LDH and alkaline phosphatase levels were detected in the majority of the cases, as was also seen in other series. BMN was graded according to the extent of necrosis in the BM biopsy, and necrosis was extensive in 12 cases, moderate in five cases, and mild in three cases. Increased reticulin was found in 16 cases; four cases had severe, eight had moderate, and four had mild fibrosis, and this was found to be an interesting accompanying finding in BMN. In conclusion malignancy is the most common cause of BMN but some nonmalignant conditions such as tuberculosis and APS may be the underlying cause of BMN.
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PMID:Bone marrow necrosis: clinicopathologic analysis of 20 cases and review of the literature. 1221 Aug 11

Several cases of granulomatous phlebitis of small hepatic veins are reported in the literature, though the etiology remains unclear. We experienced a similar case of granulomatous phlebitis involving terminal hepatic venules and this case will be reported in comparison with two previous cases presenting in our laboratory. A 39-year-old-female had a long course of medical treatment for epilepsy. She suffered from acute liver injury after prolonged fever for more than 1 week. Leukocytosis (11,100/ micro L) without eosinophilia, and inflammatory reactions such as C-reactive protein (21.0 mg/dL) were pointed out. She suffered from transient disseminated intravascular coagulation, but these abnormalities recovered with antibiotic and steroid therapy. Liver biopsy revealed granulomatous lesions mainly involving terminal hepatic venules. The possibility of tuberculosis was excluded by a negative Thiel-Nielsen stain and a negative molecular study for bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid of Mycobacteria species. Extrahepatic involvements were not clear clinically. This case and the previous two cases shared granulomatous phlebitis of the intrahepatic small hepatic veins, as well as clinical features suggestive of bacterial infection. Clinicians should be aware of such a rare clinicopathological entity.
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PMID:Granulomatous phlebitis of small hepatic vein. 1242 83

We report on a female infant with disseminated tuberculosis who presented with clinical sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation starting at 14 days of age. Parenteral ofloxacin combined with streptomycin were used because the enteral route was not possible and intravenous isoniazid and rifampicin were not available. Rare complications including infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, hypercalcemia, and adrenal insufficiency were detected and successfully managed.
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PMID:Neonatal tuberculosis associated with shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemophagocytic syndrome, and hypercalcemia: a case report. 1255 35

A hundred and thirty five patients admitted to Moscow Tuberculosis Hospital No. 7 for disseminated and progressive forms of tuberculosis were examined. Among neurological disorders in tuberculosis, acute toxic encephalopathy (ATE) should be placed in the first place in terms of their severity, problems of diagnosis and treatment. In patients with acutely progressive forms of tuberculosis, the development of ATE is brought about by two factors: 1) significant tuberculous toxemia concurrent, in 37% of cases, with severe alcoholic intoxication that leads to generalized toxic and allergic vasculitis and as a result DIC syndrome; 2) cerebral hypoxia with dyscirculatory disorders due to progressive cardiopulmonary failure. The status of patients with tuberculosis and ATE is generally critical or extremely critical. These are actually resuscitative patients. Most patients have disseminated bilateral lung lesions with multiple decay cavities, with massive bacterial isolation found at sputum bacterioscopy. With this, mycobacterial resistance to at least one antituberculous drug was found in 83% of cases. Primary multidrug resistance was detected in 29.6% of patients. The diagnosis of ATE in patients with tuberculosis is difficult and requires that tuberculous meningitis shall be excluded. Acute progression, no spinal fluid changes, significant signs of cooagulopathy and thrombcytopathy with multiorgan failure and progressive DIC syndrome may diagnose ATE in patients with acutely progressive tuberculosis. The specific features of treatment in patients with tuberculosis and ATE are intensive antituberculous therapy with predominantly parenteral administration of drugs and intensive therapy for the DIC syndrome. Despite the treatment, 48 (35.6%) patients died from progressive tuberculosis and ATE, in 40 (29.6%), therapeutic efficiency was low due to multidrug myobacterial resistance.
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PMID:[Acute toxic encephalopathy in patients with tuberculosis]. 1261 36

A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a picture of high fever and dyspnea. Pneumonia was diagnosed by chest CT scan and was treated. Laboratory findings showed pancytopenia and examination of aspirated bone marrow showed mature histiocytes with marked hemophagocytosis. She was treated with prednisolone, but her respiratory condition worsened, so she was ventilated. An acid-fast bacterial smear of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from the left lingula showed Gaffky's scale No. 5, and so tuberculosis was diagnosed. Though anti-tuberculosis therapy was started, she died after eight days of hospitalization. Infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome is caused by various infections. Until now, 26 cases of tuberculosis-associated hemophagocytic syndrome have been reported, and many of these diseases were caused by severe tuberculosis. If a patient with severe tuberculosis presents with leucocytopenia or thrombocytopenia, investigations should serve a differential diagnosis that takes into account disseminated intravascular coagulation, tuberculous granuloma of the bone marrow, side effects of anti-tuberculous drugs, and hypersplenism from hemophagocytic syndrome.
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PMID:[A case of hemophagocytic syndrome caused by tuberculosis]. 1264 10

We present a casuistic revision of adrenal pathology, which was studied in our service during the period January 1977-July 2000. We reviewed 59.069 biopsies and 2.674 autopsies and we 84 cases. founded with the following findings: Primary tumors 25% Secundary tumors 51% Infectious diseases 11% Miscellaneous 12% Unsuitable for diagnosis 1% Hyperplasias, adenomas, pheochromocy-tomas, neuroblastoma, adenocarcinoma are included within primary tumors. The metastasic tumors corresponded to: lung, pancreas, mammary gland, kidney and carcinomas; endometrial adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, melanoma, hepatocarcinoma, gastric carcinoma, testicular teratocarcinoma, skin epidermoid carcinoma, uterus choriocarcinoma and a primary germinal tumor of the thymus. Within infectious diseases we founded tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococosis, hydatidosis. Miscellaneous included hematoma, hemorrhage, pseudocyst, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), athrophy, Wegener's granulomatosis, myelolipoma, hemorrhagic necrosis. There was only one case which was unsuitable for diagnosis due to insufficient material.
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PMID:[Casuistic revision of adrenal pathology during last 23 years]. 1293 68

Eighteen patients with miliary tuberculosis (MTB) were admitted to our hospital from 1994 to 2003. The mean age of the patients was 63.9 years (range 19-92). Past history of tuberculosis was recognized in one case. Six cases suffered from another underlying diseases, and 3 of them had been treated with corticosteroids. Smear, PCR and culture of sputum were positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis in 61%, 79% and 94% of cases, respectively. Chest computed tomography revealed diffuse micronodular shadow and diffuse infiltration in 100% and 22% of cases, respectively. The laboratory findings of 18 patients with MTB were compared with 240 patients with non-MTB who were admitted to our hospital from 1999 to 2001. Body mass index, serum total protein, albumin and peripheral blood lymphocyte count were significantly lower in MTB patients than in non-MTB patients. Five patients died during admission, 3 of them died of MTB and 2 of them died of cardiac disease. In the 3 died patients due to MTB, 2 of them had been treated with corticosteroids for fever, 2 of them had acute respiratory distress syndrome and 3 of them had disseminated intravascular coagulation. Serum total protein, albumin and platelet count were lower in the died patients due to MTB than in the living patients.
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PMID:[A clinical study of miliary tuberculosis]. 1562 24


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