Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is not a disease but a pathological process with widespread thrombus formation in small vessels; it occurs in many systemic conditions that stimulate the intravascular clotting mechanism. There may be widespread tissue involvement, and any tissue in the body may be affected, especially in the kidney, brain, liver, heart, and lungs. This abnormal coagulation is now commonly referred to as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. It is prone to occur in obstetrical complications, in cancer, after transplantations, and where there has been tissue damage, such as burning, crushing, and surgery, all of which release thromboplastin into the circulation. It may also occur in Gram negative bacterial systemic infections, in antigen-antibody reactions, and in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. When the eye is involved, the thrombi occur in the choriocapillaris, and are usually limited to the submacular and peripapillary choroid. The anterior parts of the eye generally escape involvement. Visual symptoms may be early, and may be due to central choroidopathy or to secondary retinal detachment.
 ...
PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. 29 Dec 17

Six cases of gravidic toxemia (4) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (Moschowitz's disease) in puerperium with choriocapillaris occlusion, were examined. At the acute stage, the vision is improved, ophthalmoscopy of the fundus revealed cystlike bullous exudative subretinal with retinal detachment, yellowish spots (of retinal pigment epithelium) and often minimal localized arteriolar narrowing. The evolution included retina application pigmentary disturbances and Elschnig's spots. Fluorescein angiography showed delayed filling of the capillaris and dye leakage in the subretinal space (first hypofluorescence and late hyperfluorescence). There are various stages of ischaemic involvement but in all cases visual symptoms may be due to central obstructive choroidopathy with delayed filling and occlusion. The retinal detachment in toxemia or Moschowitz disease in pregnancy in secondary to microcirculatory choroidal damage (short ciliary vessels essentially) with rupture of blood retinal barrier. Other constatations are made in disseminated intravascular coagulation, periarteritis nodosa, accelerated nephrosclerosis, hemolytic uremic syndrome in puerperium, and these suggested possible relationship between the various conditions.
 ...
PMID:[Acute choriocapillaris occlusion in pregnancy and puerperium. Toxemias, thrombotic microangiopathies]. 407 90

A 21-year-old male patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the "convoluted' T cell type and marked involvement of skin and central nervous system presented in the early stages of the disease with subconjunctival bleeding of the eyeballs and massive serious retinal detachment near the optic disc in both eyes. In addition, there was a severe disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) caused by the lymphoma. It appears that the non-haemorrhagic retinal detachment on both sides is due to a neoplastic lymphocellular infiltration with high affinity of this malignant lymphoma to the central nervous system. Treatment of the underlying disease and of DIC with rapid onset of total remission lead to resorption of the conjunctival haemorrhages and fast reduction of the retinal detachment.
 ...
PMID:[Transient retinal detachment and hyposphagma in a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the T cell type (author's transl)]. 697 25

Retinal detachment is a rare complication of preeclampsia, eclampsia and abruptio placentae. We report a case of bilateral retinal detachment in association with severe preeclampsia complicated with abruptio placentae, intrauterine fetal death and disseminated intravascular coagulation. In obstetric complications, placental thromboplastin may release into maternal circulation and activate the extrinsic coagulation system with resultant disseminated intravascular coagulation. This may be responsible for choroidal ischemia and consequent serous retinal detachment.
 ...
PMID:Retinal detachment in association with preeclampsia and abruptio placentae. 763 40

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the most common complications of pregnancy, but one of the most serious expressions of this pathology is HELLP syndrome. The HELLP syndrome is characterized by the presence of hypertension disorder more a triad: microangiopathic hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count. Patient with HELLP syndrome is associated with increased maternal risk complications such as: cerebral hemorrhage, retinal detachment, hematoma/ hepatic rupture, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, placental abruption and therefore a maternal death. For all these reasons it is recommended to search for findings of HELLP syndrome in patients with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. The main clinical confusion of HELLP syndrome is acute fatty liver of pregnancy, however there are parameters that help correct identification. The presence of HELLP syndrome involves a rapid termination of pregnancy and the administration of corticosteroids does not improve maternal morbidity and mortality but may help raise the platelet count, thus decreasing the need for transfusion and shorten hospital stay. Much of the decline in maternal morbidity and mortality associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is in proper diagnosis and effective management of HELLP syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[HELLP syndrome]. 2601 16

Ocular posterior pole modification are a pathological manifestation in complicated pregnancies, especially when pregnancy induced hypertension is present (PIH), as well as in preeclampsia (PE) or eclampsia. Nonetheless, as the pregnancy evolves, the possibility for an aggravated evolution with HELLP syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura may have an ocular manifestation that, mainly, implies a loss of visual field or acuity, that, left unattended, may constitute a permanent impairment. Pregestational conditions like pituitary adenoma or genetic pedigree for complement factor H gene (1q31.1) single nucleotide mutations could lead to central serous chorioretinopathy or retinal detachment with severe, ischemic, central cilioretinal artery or vein occlusion and optic nerve atrophy. Furthermore, although subtle in many cases, any new visual symptoms during pregnancy should constitute an alarming factor for obstetrical reevaluation and ophthalmological approach in order to preserve the mother's quality of life.
 ...
PMID:Ocular posterior pole pathological modifications related to complicated pregnancy. A review. 2945 Mar 78