Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Because the important increase of cocaine abuse and the frequent pathology associated, we present two cases of males who had a multiorganic failure cause by severe rabdomyolysis, renal failure with myoglobinuria and disseminated intravascular coagulation, after the cocaine consumption. In one case a pancreatitis associated was observed, this not being described before. Both cases are recovered.
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PMID:[Rhabdomyolysis in acute cocaine poisoning. Presentation of 2 cases]. 213 76

The detection of TATC may inform about the presence of thrombin generation and, and hence of a pre-thrombotic status. An ELISA test (Enzygnst TAT) has been developed here in order to evaluate the predictive role played by TATC, and it was applied on 182 patients who distributed in 14 with cirrhosis of the liver, 11 with sepsis, 17 with chronic arterial insufficiency, 55 with neoplasms, 9 with thrombosis, 15 in postoperative period, 15 with pneumonia, 16 with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), 14 with multiple injuries and 16 with pancreatitis. TATC levels were significantly increased in all groups with regard to the control group. Patients with thrombosis, sepsis, multiple injuries, DIC and in the postoperative period showed especially high TATC figures. No correlation between TATC and fibrinogen, platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time or prothrombin complex assay was found in the post-operative patient-group. It was concluded that TATC are a good indicator of hypercoagulability.
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PMID:[Detection of thrombin-antithrombin complexes in hypercoagulability conditions. Analysis of 182 cases]. 229 Nov 47

A previously healthy 35-year-old woman was seen at 37 weeks' gestation with a 10-day history of fever, vomiting, diarrhea and malaise. Serum laboratory findings included elevation of serum bilirubin and AST, prolongation of serum prothrombin time and a positive monospot. A tentative diagnosis of acute fatty liver of pregnancy was made, and a healthy male infant was delivered by emergency cesarean section because of fetal distress. Over the subsequent 3 days, acute progressive oliguric renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hypoglycemia requiring intravenous dextrose infusion and pancreatitis developed; her mental status progressed to stage III encephalopathy. Quantitative computed tomography estimated the liver volume to be 770 cm3. The decision to proceed with orthotopic liver transplantation was made on the basis of progressive clinical deterioration despite aggressive support and because of her small liver size. After transplant, the patient's multisystem failure rapidly reversed. Histopathological examination of the native liver demonstrated predominantly zone 3 microvesicular steatosis with characteristic ultrastructural changes consistent with acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Southern blot analysis for Epstein-Barr virus DNA was negative. We conclude that orthotopic liver transplantation should be considered for the small group of patients with fulminant hepatic failure associated with acute fatty liver of pregnancy who manifest signs of irreversible liver failure despite delivery of the fetus and aggresive supportive care.
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PMID:Fulminant hepatic failure caused by acute fatty liver of pregnancy treated by orthotopic liver transplantation. 240 63

The coagulation and fibrinolytic systems were analysed parallel to the clinical evaluation in 27 attacks of acute human pancreatitis of different severity. Consumptive coagulopathy was evident from decreased platelet counts, decreased prothrombin values and consumption of fibrinogen during the first days in severe attacks. Fibrinolysis was suggested by decreased plasminogen values and the presence of fibrinogen degradation products. All main protease inhibitors of the two systems showed protease-antiprotease complexation and lower functional than quantitative values. Functional levels of the protease inhibitors were almost zero in the peritoneal fluid in severe attacks. It is concluded that severe acute pancreatitis results in consumptive coagulopathy and fibrinolysis together with a local antiprotease deficiency. All the changes are closely correlated to the severity of the disease.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation and antiprotease activity in acute human pancreatitis. 243 83

In organ culture experiments, the induction of pemphigus acantholysis is known to be blocked by the addition of serine proteinase inhibitors. Recently, nontoxic synthesized low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors have been clinically available for the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation and pancreatitis. To determine if these drugs are useful aids to treat patients with pemphigus, we examined the effect of omega-guanidino ester analogues, i.e., 1) gabexate mesilate, 2) camostat mesilate, and 3) nafamostat mesilate, on experimental pemphigus acantholysis in both organ culture and neonatal BALB/c mice. Furthermore, the effect of plasma natural proteinase inhibitors (alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor) isolated from human plasma was similarly examined. Results revealed that synthesized low molecular weight inhibitors (drugs) were able to inhibit the induction of acantholysis in organ culture system, but had little or no effect on lesion formation in the neonatal mouse system. By contrast, alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor could completely inhibit acantholysis formation in mice. These findings implied a possible new therapeutic approach using proteinase inhibitors for patients with pemphigus.
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PMID:Proteinase inhibitors block formation of pemphigus acantholysis in experimental models of neonatal mice and skin explants: effects of synthetic and plasma proteinase inhibitors on pemphigus acantholysis. 252 84

Disseminated cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs predominantly in immunocompromised hosts. Symptomatic CMV cholecystitis and pancreatitis are quite rare, and, to our knowledge, there are no reports of these occurring simultaneously. We describe a patient with a history of chronic myelogenous leukemia (treated with chemotherapy) who presented with recurrent unexplained fevers and an acute abdomen. At surgery, cholecystitis and pancreatitis were found, and a cholecystectomy was performed. The patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulation, eventual sepsis, and multiorgan failure. At autopsy, widespread disseminated CMV infection was found, with CMV-associated foci of acute inflammation and necrosis in the pancreas and in the surgically resected gallbladder. A review of our autopsy files revealed only one renal transplant patient with CMV inclusions and chronic pancreatitis. No pancreatitis was seen in 27 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Cytomegalovirus should be considered as a possible cause of pancreatitis and cholecystitis in immunocompromised patients.
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PMID:Disseminated cytomegalovirus infection presenting with acalculous cholecystitis and acute pancreatitis. 255 45

A case of acute fatty liver as a rare cause of pregnancy-induced jaundice is reported. Near term the 25-year-old patient became rapidly jaundiced. On admission laboratory tests showed signs of incipient coagulopathy and impaired renal function. When fetal vital signs deteriorated cesarean section was performed. After surgery the fullblown picture of disseminated intravascular coagulation developed, with profuse bleeding only controllable by rigorous substitution of plasma factors. Acute hepatic insufficiency with ascites followed. Despite the marked bilirubin elevation the hepatic enzymes were only slightly raised. In addition, acute renal insufficiency, pancreatitis and hyperuricemia developed. Under intensive care the patient recovered slowly and was discharged after 4 weeks with a healthy baby.
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PMID:[Acute pregnancy fatty liver with survival of the mother and child]. 271 99

Evidence suggests that changes in prostaglandins and disseminated intravascular coagulation accompany pancreatitis. Both may induce changes in platelet function. We wished to determine if experimentally induced pancreatitis in the dog was associated with altered platelet number and function, and whether there were concomitant changes in prostaglandins. Evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation in the dogs with pancreatitis were red blood cell fragmentation, increased platelet turnover indicated by macro-platelets and the transient presence of fibrin degradation products in urine. There were no significant changes in platelet count. The platelets from dogs with pancreatitis showed a functional defect characterized by significantly decreased aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate, arachidonic acid, and collagen. Release of adenosine triphosphate from platelets was reduced in collagen-stimulated aggregation. There were no changes in the plasma concentrations of thromboxane B2, 6-Keto-PGF1a, and PGE2. This defect may have been due to the generation of fibrin degradation products and platelet "exhaustion".
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PMID:Platelet function in experimentally induced pancreatitis in the dog. 308 2

The inhibitory effect of gabexate mesylate, which is used therapeutically in the treatment of pancreatitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and as a regional anticoagulant agent for hemodialysis, has been measured on bovine factor Xa, bovine alpha-thrombin, human Lys77-plasmin, human urinary kallikrein, human urokinase, porcine pancreatic beta-kallikrein-B, and bovine beta-trypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters of N-alpha-carbobenzoxy-L-arginine and N-alpha-carbobenzoxy-L-lysine. On the basis of enzyme:gabexate mesylate affinities, the serine proteases can be arranged as follows: human urinary kallikrein approximately porcine pancreatic beta-kallikrein-B much less than bovine beta-trypsin approximately bovine factor Xa approximately human Lys77-plasmin approximately human urokinase approximately bovine alpha-thrombin. The mode of binding of gabexate mesylate to the serine proteases conforms to the active-reactive site geometries observed in their complexes with natural and synthetic inhibitors. Differences in gabexate mesylate affinities for these proteases reflect structural differences at their primary specificity subsite, which have been investigated by comparative analysis of amino acid sequences and by computer-graphics techniques.
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PMID:Gabexate mesylate inhibition of serine proteases: thermodynamic and computer-graphics analysis. 310 78

Twenty-seven attacks of acute human pancreatitis of different severity were analysed concerning clinical outcome and activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. Consumptive coagulopathy was suggested by decreased platelet counts, decreased prothrombin values and consumption of fibrinogen during the first days in severe attacks. Factor X was slightly decreased the first 5 days in all attacks. Increased fibrinolysis was suggested by decreased plasminogen values in severe attacks. Fibrinogen degradation products were seen in 40% of the patients in blood and in 100% of the patients in the peritoneal fluid. The four main protease inhibitors of the two systems all showed protease-antiprotease complexation and lower functional than quantitative values. Plasma levels of antithrombin III and alpha 2-macroglobulin were low, while the levels of C1-inhibitor and alpha 2-antiplasmin were high. Functional levels of all the four protease inhibitors were almost zero in the peritoneal fluid in severe attacks. It is concluded that severe acute pancreatitis results in both consumptive coagulopathy and in increased fibrinolysis. A local antiprotease deficiency is seen in the peritoneal cavity and high levels of protease-antiprotease complexes are also seen in plasma. All these changes are closely correlated to the severity of the disease and may probably determine the clinical outcome of the acute attack.
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PMID:Consumptive coagulopathy, fibrinolysis and protease-antiprotease interactions during acute human pancreatitis. 351 16


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