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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hemostasis was studied in 70 patients with gastric or intestinal cancer. Pronounced imbalance in blood coagulation was established, resulting in chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome in 55.7 and thrombophilia--in 20% of cases. Advancement of tumor to stage IV was followed by development of stage II (subacute) DIC syndrome. The syndrome was frequently manifested by thrombohemorrhagic complications which occurred in 14.5% of cancer patients (autopsy data). It was inferred that timely treatment of malignancies, early administration of heparin, fibrinolysis--activating drugs and deaggregants are pathogenetically justified means for prevention and treatment of DIC syndrome.
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PMID:[Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) in stomach and intestinal cancer]. 348 57

A patient with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma had progressive microangiopathic red blood cell changes, thrombocytopenia with increased marrow megakaryocytes, bleeding, altered mentation, and seizure. Coagulation parameters were inconsistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation; a clinical diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was made. Plasmapheresis resulted in improvement on two separate occasions. The diagnosis of tumor-associated TTP should be considered in cancer patients. Plasmapheresis may be more effective than plasma transfusion alone in this syndrome, perhaps via removal of tumor-induced immune complexes from the circulation. Aggressive management of this complication seems justified in cancer patients for whom effective chemotherapy exists.
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PMID:Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma: successful management with plasmapheresis. 348 81

Denver type peritoneo-venous (PV) shunting for intractable ascites was performed in 16 patients also treated with endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (ST) for variceal haemorrhage. Indications, timing and results of shunt insertion are detailed and discussed. Serial ST for eradication of varices could be completed in 10 patients a median of 7 months before PV shunting. The postoperative risk of bleeding was increased four times, i.e. the number of GI bleedings per month of follow-up, was 0.05 and 0.21 (p less than 0.05) respectively, before and after shunt operation. Two patients experienced their first variceal bleeding and 6 patients rebled during a median follow-up of 3 months after PV shunting. The Denver shunt succeeded in resolving ascites clinically in 13 patients within 7 days with a median decrease in weight of 10 kg, parallel to increased urinary output and reduced serum-creatinine. Three patients did not benefit from the shunt procedure due to terminal neoplastic disease (one patient), and severe hepatorenal failure, although the shunts were proven patent. Serious complications included clinically important consumptive coagulopathy, DIC-syndrome (two patients), myocardial infarction (one), pulmonary embolism (three), and sepsis following intervention of obstruction (one).
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PMID:Peritoneo-venous shunting and endoscopic sclerotherapy in patients with portal hypertension. 349 19

Known variously as disseminated intravascular coagulation, defibrination consumption coagulopathy or, more simply, as defibrination, disseminated intravascular coagulation is a serious epiphenomenon that occurs most often as a complicating factor of an underlying disease process. Although frequently triggered by underlying disease such as infection or tumor, if not recognized and treated appropriately, disseminated intravascular coagulation alone may lead to the patient's death as a result of hemorrhage or thrombosis, or both, of vital organs. Frequently, it may only manifest itself as an abnormality of coagulation tests, causing no immediate problem for the patient, and potentially normalizing when the inciting cause is appropriately managed. The central process that marks disseminated intravascular coagulation is the generation of thrombin in the circulating blood by means of the activation of the coagulation mechanism, leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, which, in turn, may lead to thrombosis mainly of the microcirculation. Because platelets and coagulation factors are consumed and fibrinolysis is enhanced during the coagulation process, hemorrhage may also ensue. Although disseminated intravascular coagulation is frequently encountered in medical and obstetric patients, the difficulty in diagnosis and controversy regarding optimal therapy are frustrating for both patient and physician. By understanding the pathophysiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation and combining clinical observation and laboratory data, one can arrive at the appropriate diagnosis. Therapy must be individualized, and assessment of the benefit versus risk ratio of intervention must be made. Early recognition of acute and life-threatening disseminated intravascular coagulation can be lifesaving with appropriate supportive measures.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation. 353 68

Thirty-seven dogs with malignant lymphoma were treated with either polyethylene glycol conjugated (PEG) asparaginase alone (10-30 IU/kg intraperitoneally [IP] weekly--20 dogs) or PEG-asparaginase combined with one cycle of chemotherapy (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and prednisone), followed by maintenance PEG-asparaginase (30 IU/kg, IP weekly--17 dogs). In the 20 dogs (eight were chemotherapy resistant) treated with PEG-asparaginase alone, seven had a complete response (CR), seven had a partial response (PR), five had no response (NR), and one was not evaluable (NE). The duration of response (CR + PR) ranged from 14 to 102 days (median, 48 days). In the eight chemotherapy-resistant dogs (seven were previously resistant to L-asparaginase) four had responses (one CR and three PR). In the 17 dogs treated with combined PEG-asparaginase and chemotherapy, 13 had a CR, two had a PR, and two had NR. None of the dogs had had prior chemotherapy, and the duration of response (CR + PR) ranged from 7 to 840+ days, with a median of 126+ days. Four dogs are still on maintenance PEG-asparaginase at 16+, 21+, 26+, and 28+ months. Toxicity consisted of death due to massive tumor breakdown (two dogs), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC--one dog), hypersensitivity reaction (one dog), vomiting (three dogs) and soft stools (three dogs). Four normal dogs were given very high doses of PEG-asparaginase (200 IU/kg and 1200 IU/kg) once weekly for two treatments without any significant toxicity. These results indicate that PEG-asparaginase has antitumor activity in dog with spontaneously occurring malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:A preliminary study on the evaluation of asparaginase. Polyethylene glycol conjugate against canine malignant lymphoma. 356 63

A 19 year-old female, complaining of gigantic tumor on each breast and hemorrhagic diathesis, was admitted to our hospital. Laboratory data and clinical findings suggested the presence of DIC. Bilateral mastectomies reduced the bleeding tendency within a week. In conclusion, removal of the tumors was effective to avoid fatal hemorrhage.
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PMID:[A case of angiosarcoma of both breasts]. 357 82

The case report of a newborn infant with a splenic hemangioendothelioma with the life-threatening complications of thrombocytopenia, anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation is presented together with a review of the literature. Removal of the tumor via splenectomy, despite the known risk of subsequent overwhelming sepsis due to encapsulated organisms in the young child, is the treatment of choice for splenic hemangiomas complicated by thrombocytopenia. The use of enhanced CT with delayed filling is a diagnostic tool in the workup of suspected hemangiomatous lesions.
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PMID:Splenic hemangioma with thrombocytopenia in a newborn. 358 49

A case of angiosarcoma of the liver and the spleen following vinyl chloride exposure is described. The main symptoms in clinical diagnosis were microangiopathic hemolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hepatosplenomegaly and exposure to vinyl chloride thirty years ago. It is the first case in which liver and spleen are involved in angiosarcoma due to vinyl chloride exposure. The tumor cells showed angioformative and solid histiocytoid growth with erythrophagocytosis.
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PMID:[Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, erythrophagocytosis and consumption coagulopathy in vinyl chloride-induced hemangiosarcoma of the spleen and liver]. 361 92

It has been assumed that a high dose of OK-432 can be safely injected into tumor tissues or intraperitoneally under general anesthesia. Among 40 patients with advanced carcinoma of the stomach, high doses of OK-432 were injected into the tumor in six and intraperitoneally in 34. Circulatory shock associated with subsequent disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) developed within 3 days in one of the former and in two of the latter group. Hypovolemic shock was initially considered to indicate that hypovolemia actually existed in these three patients. However, the shock state with DIC persisted even after the blood volume had been corrected. Gram-negative bacteremia was verified in two of the patients. The shock and DIC seen in these patients could have been attributed to septicemia through either the necrotic tumor or the intestinal wall showing increased permeability as a result of the drug. When and if a high dose of OK-432 is administered locally, the prophylaxis of infection seems to be of crucial importance in order to avoid such complications as those reported above.
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PMID:[Complications due to high-dose OK-432 administration into tumors and the peritoneal cavity in patients with advanced gastric cancer]. 368 97

We report a rare case of subdural hematoma associated with dural carcinomatosis of gastric cancer and DIC. Such subdural hemasma is supposed to be caused by tumor cell embolism in the dural vessels and DIC. Most cases show acute clinical symptoms such as consciousness disturbances, and their prognosis is extremely poor.
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PMID:[Subdural hematoma associated with dural carcinomatosis of gastric cancer and DIC]. 374 51


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