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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five cases of disseminated meningococcal disease due to serogroup W135 Neisseria meningitidis are presented. The cases ranged in age from 16 months to 23 years, and spanned a clinical spectrum from mild meningitis without rash or evidence of meningococcal septicemia to severe meningoencephalitis with fulminant meningococcemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and death. These cases demonstrate that serogroup W135 N meningitidis is fully pathogenic for man and capable of producing the full spectrum of disseminated meningococcal disease associated with other serogroups. Since this serogroup has recently emerged as a significant cause of disease in Europe, attention should be focused on the correct serogroup designation of strains of N meningitidis isolated from clinical material and reported as "nongroupable" by clinical laboratories, so that additional clinical and epidemiologic information may be obtained.
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PMID:Disease due to serogroup W135 Neisseria meningitidis. 11 72

Clinical, laboratory and morphological manifestations of impaired hemostasis due to CNS bacterial infections varying in etiology were studied in 144 patients and 32 cadavers. Etiologic and age-specific features of hemocoagulatory homeostatic disorders displayed multidirectional procoagulatory, coagulatory and fibrinolytic components. Correlation of morphological evidence for the brain and viscera with clinical-laboratory findings showed that in 69% of the patients who had died of bacterial meningoencephalitis (a generalized form) there were signs of DIC syndrome. These did not always agree clinically with the picture of hemocoagulatory disturbances creating difficulties for its diagnosis. As a result, an intravital diagnosis of DIC syndrome was made in 9% of the patients only.
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PMID:[Clinico-morphological characteristics of disseminated intravascular coagulation in bacterial meningoencephalitis]. 185 85

The results of the clinico-morphological examination of the bacteriologically confirmed meningoencephalitis in 12 autopsy cases are presented. The gravity of the clinical course of the pneumococcus meningoencephalitis is due to infectious-toxic shock the main morphological manifestation of which is disseminated intravascular coagulation. Neurotoxicosis symptoms prevailed in the clinical picture of the infectious-toxic shock even though the morphological changes characteristic of shock were found in the brain as well as in the internal organs particularly in the adrenals, lungs and kidneys. The peculiar feature of the disseminated intravascular coagulation was the domination of the hypercoagulation stage with the variety of intravascular fibrin formations (fibrin, hyaline, globular thrombi, prethrombi, fibrinous threads).
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PMID:[The pathological anatomy of pneumococcal meningoencephalitis in adults]. 233 87

Combined investigation was performed in 370 patients with meningoencephalitis caused by different etiological factors. This comprised the clinical, laboratory, pathological (in 20 deceased patients) studies aimed at elucidating the role of cerebral microcirculation (CM) disorders in the pathogenesis of its inflammatory lesions. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was detected in meningoencephalitides of various etiologies with all homeostatic links inflicted: blood vessels, platelets, coagulation. DIC had a major impact on the initiation, course and outcome of the disease. Severe microcirculatory disorders boosted the cerebral edema, promoted hemorrhagies. A close link was established between stage-by-stage nature of CM disorders development and clinical features of meningoencephalitis.
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PMID:[Disseminated intravascular coagulation and its pathogenetic significance in meningoencephalitis]. 272 16

A boy was suspected of having meningoencephalitis probably of viral origin, although all microbiological, including virological, tests were negative. Postmortem examination revealed a dissecting aortic aneurysm and disseminated intravascular coagulation involving the central nervous system exclusively. The clinical evolution, the age of the patient, and the association of DAA with this cerebral disseminated coagulation is very unusual.
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PMID:Cerebral disseminated coagulation. An encephalitis-like syndrome in a boy with dissecting aortic aneurysm. 616 60

A case of cryptococcosis simulating brain tumor was reviewed. A 66-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with chief complaint of vertigo, gait disturbance and dysarthria. These symptoms started about one year before admission and worsened. Vomiting and urinary incontinence appeared. Neurological examination revealed left cerebellar ataxia and dysarthria. In plain CT (computerized tomography) irregular ill-defined low density area was noted in the cerebellar vermis and bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. And slight ventricular dilatation was found. Irregular shape of ring-like enhancement corresponding to capsule and patchy or mottled enhancement inside the tumor were seen. Suboccipital craniectomy was performed and yellowish necrotic tumor with hard capsule was removed. Histological diagnosis was not neoplasm or tuberculoma. Postoperatively liver function progressively worsened. She died due to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Autopsy revealed typical liver cirrhosis without malignant change. 3.0 X 2.5 cm sized, slightly hard, yellowish lesion was found on upper part of cerebellar hemispheres. This had extremely necrotic tissue and a great number of cryptococcus neoformans were found. And other intracranial lesion was not confirmed. Finding of pulmonary cryptococcosis was not gained. Our case is very rare because of solitary cerebellar abscess and absence of meningitic episode or pulmonary cryptococcosis. There are three types of inflammation in cerebral cryptococcosis. The commonest manifestation is the meningitic type, the second mode is granulomatous lesion and the third and the least presentation is intracranial abscess formation. CT reveals various findings according to clinical stage. CT findings are those of meningitis, meningoencephalitis, granuloma and abscess. Cryptococcal granuloma or abscess often simulates brain abscess, glioma and metastatic brain tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of cerebral cryptococcosis, with special reference to computerized tomography findings]. 646 65

We examined the kinetics of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in relation to LPS tolerance and endotoxemic lesions of piglets. The plasma of piglets demonstrated cytotoxicity to TNF-sensitive L929 cells between 0.5 and 4 h after inoculation with 200 micrograms kg-1 of LPS. This cytotoxicity was neutralized by anti-bovine TNF serum. These piglets had disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and meningoencephalitis. However, if piglets were first treated with three doses of 40 micrograms kg-1 of LPS, both TNF production and the occurrence of DIC were inhibited when 200 micrograms kg-1 of LPS was inoculated into these piglets. Repetitive inoculation with increasing doses of LPS induced fibrinoid vasculitis, meningoencephalitis and pneumonitis, while hemorrhage was minimal. A very low amount of TNF activity was detected from most of the samples of a piglet after repeated LPS inoculation. These results suggested that severity of the hemorrhagic and thrombotic lesions might relate to the amount of endogenous TNF activity, and that LPS tolerance might relate to inhibition of TNF production.
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PMID:Endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production and modification of pathological lesions in experimental Escherichia coli endotoxemia of piglets. 760 37

We report two cases of sepsis and meningoencephalitis with listeriosis. They died in despite of administering sensitive antibiotics. A 2 day old girl was admitted to our hospital because of fever and cyanosis. Listeria monocytogenes type 4b was cultured from blood, CSF, throat, urine, ear. She was treated with twice exchange transfusion and sensitive antibiotics (ABPC, TOB), but died from DIC. A 48 year old man suddenly experienced an unconscious condition. A CSF culture grew L. monocytogenes type 1/2a. He was treated with sensitive antibiotics (ABPC, CEZ etc), but went bad conditions. Listeria infection of this cases developed as unfortunate infection.
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PMID:[Two cases of Listeria monocytogenes infection in Osaka Municipal Hospital]. 874 12

Twenty-eight patients with Japanese spotted fever were clinically investigated. The diagnosis was determined by confirming an increase of specific antibody. All patients were treated with minocycline, and all recovered, excluding one patient with a fulminant course. Fever and exanthema were observed in all patients, and an eschar was pointed out in 20 (71%) patients. The platelet count was 10 x 10(4)/microl or lower in 8 (28%) patients. The fibrin degradation product (FDP)-level was abnormally high, 10 microg/ml or more, in 16 (57%) patients. The creatine kinase (CK) value was high in 14 of 22 patients, suggesting the presence of myositis. The leukocyte count, FDP, C-reactive protein, and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2-R) levels were significantly higher in severe cases. In the group without concomitant steroid therapy, mean times of 54.7 h and 101.4 h were required to reduce the temperature to 38 degrees C and 37 degrees C or lower, respectively, after the initiation of tetracycline treatment. There were 6 severe cases: 1 with disseminated intravascular coagulation, 2 with multiorgan failure, 1 with acute respiratory distress syndrome, and 2 with meningoencephalitis. These severe cases formed a group that required 6 or more days to initiate therapy after the onset (P < 0.005 vs non-severe group), showing that delay in diagnosis and therapy is the major cause of aggravation. In the 2 patients complicated by multiorgan failure, the sIL2-R level, produced by activated lymphocytes, was 10,000 U/ml or higher, suggesting that an sIL2-R level of more than 10,000 U/ml can be used as a marker of poor prognosis. It may be better that moderate to severe cases are treated with minocycline plus short-term steroid therapy.
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PMID:Clinical study of Japanese spotted fever and its aggravating factors. 1267 13

Neonates infected with nonpolio enteroviruses are at high risk for developing significant illness, including sepsis-like illness, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis and/or hepatitis. Echoviruses and group B coxsackieviruses account for the majority of neonatal enterovirus infections. We reported a case of echovirus 11 infection in newborn associated with maternal infection. To our knowledge, this is the first reported fatal case of neonatal echovirus infection in Taiwan. Eventually, the baby expired because of severe sepsis-like illness, fulminant hepatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and extensive hemorrhagic manifestations in spite of intensive care, intravenous immunoglobulin infusion and exchange transfusion.
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PMID:Echovirus 11 sepsis in a neonate: report of one case. 1284 53


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