Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of infectious complications after liver biopsy are reported. Klebsiella pneumoniae and beta-hemolytic Streptococcus were cultured. In both cases the biopsy was obtained under laparoscopic control. A 28-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis died 24 hours after liver biopsy as a result of septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation. A 67-year-old man with hepatic fibrosis suffered from transient bacteremia and recovered uneventfully after antibiotic therapy. In these patients, there was evidence to implicate pre-existing cholangitis as factor predisposing to postbiopsy bacteremia.
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PMID:Septic shock and bacteremia associated with laparoscopic guided liver biopsy, report on two cases. 267 94

Personal experience of 31 patients suffering from intractable ascites due to advanced liver cirrhosis between 1978 and 1987 is reported. Seventeen patients were selected for a peritoneojugular shunt: in 3 patients the Le Veen shunt was performed and in 14 the Denver shunt was preferred. The high postoperative morbidity and mortality due to liver failure, DIC, hepatorenal syndrome, bleeding, sepsis and cerebral thrombosis is pointed out. Careful selection of patients to be submitted to this surgical procedure is essential because of the high morbidity due to ascites reinfusion. DIC has to be diagnosed as soon as possible and, when severe, the prompt interruption of the peritoneojugular shunt is mandatory.
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PMID:[The Denver peritoneojugular shunt. Current indications]. 272 37

The results of the clinical observations over 127 patients with mucoviscidosis and chronic (primary and secondary) pneumonia are presented. The children were aged from 1 to 15 years. Study of the plasma and platelet links of hemostasis permitted one to reveal considerable disorders seen during exacerbation in all the groups. The intensity of the disorders correlated well with the gravity of the patient's condition and with the bronchopulmonary process spreading as well as with the presence of complications on the part of the cardiovascular system (cor pulmonale) and the hepatobiliary system (liver cirrhosis). The chronic form of the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome was diagnosed in 50 percent of the patients with mucoviscidosis, in 1/3 of the patients with secondary and in 18 percent of the patients with primary chronic pneumonia. The subacute form of the DIC syndrome was diagnosed in 15 percent of the patients with mucoviscidosis and in 4.5 percent of the patients with secondary chronic pneumonia. The multimodality treatment without heparin made it possible to correct the hemostatic disturbances in the majority of the patients under observation. In some children with mucoviscidosis and secondary chronic pneumonia, the use of heparin in the form of intravenous injections or ultrasonic inhalations permitted making such a correction more rapidly and more completely.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of disorders of hemostasis in children with chronic pneumonia and mucoviscidosis]. 272 62

We report a calcified chronic subdural hematoma which ruptured intracerebrally forming an acute subcortical hematoma in the frontal lobe in a 59-year-old woman with long-standing liver cirrhosis. Both hematoma cavities communicated each other through a small defect within the inner membrane of the subdural hematoma. The content of both hematomas was identical and was of a clay-like clot. The inner membrane around this communication consisted of thick, very vascular granulation tissue with many hemosiderin deposits and was tightly adherent to the cortex. We speculated that a fresh bleeding into the granulation tissue resulted in formation of a subcortical hematoma through a rupture of the inner membrane. Disseminated intravascular coagulation likely played an important role in this unusual condition.
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PMID:Calcified chronic subdural hematoma with intracerebral rupture forming a subcortical hematoma. A case report. 273 88

With a quantitative blood endotoxin assay using a chromogenic substrate with a perchloric acid pretreatment (PCA-LCT), endotoxemia in various liver diseases was studied. With PCA-LCT, recovery of added endotoxin in human plasma was nearly 90%, as evidenced by an intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation of 5.7% and 11%, respectively. Because the recovery of endotoxin was not affected in severely icteric plasmas, PCA-LCT proved to be applicable to patients with liver diseases where various degree of jaundice exist. In none of the plasmas from patients with chronic hepatitis, acute hepatitis without hepatic failure or liver cirrhosis without ascites did the endotoxin level exceed the normal range of less than 5 pg/ml. With the presence of ascites, however, endotoxemia became detectable, but at low levels and not in all cases. At the stage of hepatic failure complicated with renal failure or disseminated intravascular coagulation, endotoxemia was more frequent and endotoxin concentration greater. It is uncertain, at present, whether endotoxemia itself is deteriorating factor in hepatic failure or is merely concomitant phenomenon resulting from Kupffer cell failure.
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PMID:Endotoxemia in liver diseases: detection by a quantitative assay using chromogenic substrate with perchloric acid pretreatment. 300 75

We describe the simple and rapid enzyme immunoassay of protein C in human plasma with use of a Cobas Fara centrifugal analyzer. The antibody, labeled with horseradish peroxidase, is reacted with antigen (protein C) for 15 min. The peroxidase activity of the resulting antigen-antibody conjugate is measured at 500 nm for 5 min in the presence of excess H2O2, phenol, and 4-aminoantipyrine, as compared with that of free conjugates. Results are calculated from a stored standard curve and expressed as a percentage of the value determined for a pooled specimen of normal adult plasma. The standard curve is linear from 0% to 200%. The CV is generally less than 4% for different concentrations of protein C. In liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, therapy with warfarin, thrombosis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, protein C concentrations are about 40-70% of normal. Results obtained with the present homogeneous enzyme immunoassay correlated well with those by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (r = 0.97).
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PMID:Protein C in human plasma determined by homogeneous enzyme immunoassay with use of a centrifugal analyzer. 304 78

Coagulation studies were performed in patients who underwent abdominal surgery. One hundred and twenty six patients with cholelithiasis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer were examined. Although fibrinogen increased up to 560 mg/dl postoperatively, DIC did not occur among these patients, at all. For 30 patients who underwent hepatectomy, esophageal transection or pancreatoduodenectomy, HPT, PT, fibrinogen, platelet count, alpha 2-PI, AT-III, plasminogen and DIC score were investigated until 10 postoperative days. As for 13 patients without liver cirrhosis in this group, deterioration of HPT, PT and AT-III was noted on the second postoperative day, however these parameters improved on the fifth postoperative day and all patients recovered uneventfully. On the contrary, as to patients with liver cirrhosis, changes of coagulation parameters were drastic. Significant decrease of HPT, PT, AT-III, plasminogen and increase of FDP and DIC score were noted after operation and these values deteriorated with time in certain cases. Seven patients out of 17 died of DIC and multiple organ failure. More than half of these patients received Gabexate Mesilate (GM) injection in a dose of 1200 mg/day postoperatively for more than 5 days to prevent DIC. In patients who underwent hepatectomy due to hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis, the increase of FDP and DIC score seemed to be inhibited by GM on the fifth postoperative day.
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PMID:[Coagulation studies in patients after abdominal surgery]. 308 4

A 59-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of massive ascites and increasing jaundice, suggesting a severe decompensated state of liver cirrhosis. On the third hospital day, she was diagnosed as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) from a coagulofibrinolytic study and developed renal failure. Continuous drip infusion of gabexate mesilate, a synthetic inhibitor of serine-protease, was found to be successful in managing DIC, followed by the restoration of renal function. During the clinical course, blood endotoxin, assayed by the chromogenic method, was initially 11 pg/ml and increased, in accordance with the elevation of serum FDP, to a level of 110 pg/ml when renal failure occurred. A proportional relationship was observed between changes in blood endotoxin and serum FDP throughout the course. This finding may be an important clue in studying the mechanism of DIC and non-septic endotoxemia both developing in liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:A case of liver cirrhosis complicated with endotoxemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation: a case report. 310 73

Ascitic fluid reinfusion in severe cirrhosis has frequently been associated with intravascular coagulation (DIC). A low-grade DIC has been postulated to be present in liver cirrhosis. PT, APTT, fibrinogen, plasminogen, antiplasmin, fibrin degradation producers (FDP), euglobulin lysis time, tissue plasminogen activator, and fibrinopeptide A were investigated both in the plasma and ascitic fluid of cirrhotic patients before and after the concentration-reinfusion technique. Our results indicate that increased thrombin formation associated with hyperfibrinolysis is present in the plasma of cirrhotic patients. In ascitic fluid very high levels of thrombin and fibrinolysis activation were found. We conclude that (1) a DIC-like picture exists in ascites and (2) after ascites reinfusion procedures, ascitic fluid is the principal factor in the pathogenesis of DIC. During ascitic fluid reinfusion heparin treatment could be used successfully.
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PMID:A DIC-like picture on plasma and ascitic fluid of cirrhotic patients. 314 1

This rapid, simple amidolytic assay of protein C activity in whole plasma involves activation by protein C activator from the venom of Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix (Protac) and use of a Cobas Fara spectrophotometer programmed for kinetic assay. Plasma is incubated with activator venom in the presence or absence of antibody to human protein C in the instrument, chromogenic substrate (S-2366) is added, and the absorbance is measured at 405 nm. The difference between the absorbance of the sample plasma with and without antibody to human protein C correlated well with protein C antigen as assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Laurell rocket technique in normal subjects, patients being treated with warfarin, and patients with liver cirrhosis or disseminated intravascular coagulation. Our mean value for protein C in normal subjects is 115.9 (SD 16.7)% for amidolytic activity, 103.0 (SD 17.4)% for ELISA, and 97.2 (SD 18.1)% for the rocket technique. The high value for normal subjects presumably includes some nonspecific amidolytic activity activated by the activator venom, as indicated by measurable activity in immuno-depleted protein C-deficient plasma. Within-run and between-run CVs were less than 5% at low, normal, and high concentrations of protein C amidolytic activity.
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PMID:Amidolytic kinetic assay of protein C by selective spectrophotometry in a centrifugal analyzer. 318 Apr 21


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