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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical and laboratory findings in four cases of acute renal failure following the onset of influenza A viral infection (Port Chalmers/1/73) are presented. Although the pathophysiologic mechanisms affecting the kidney in these cases varied, the ensuing renal failure in each patient was severe. Findings suggestive of acute myoglobinuria developed in one patient, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurred in another. The role of viruses in the pathogenesis of renal disease is reviewed. Despite inconclusive evidence that the influenza virus can cause human renal disease, the secondary pathways that can be triggered by viral infections may be even more significant in producing various degrees of renal dysfunction. The occurrence of renal failure during an episode of influenza represents a serious complication which may influence significantly the morbidity and mortality of patients with this viral infection.
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PMID:Influenza A viral infection associated with acute renal failure. 98 71

The concept of shock is discussed emphazising the microcirculatory disturbance implied with the resulting failure in tissular perfussion and its consequences (hypoxia, acidosis, enzymatic damage, metabolic changes). Its causes are outlined (cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, endocrine); its phases, vasoconstriction, precapillary dilatiation and pooling, disseminated intravascular coagulation and hemorrhages following hypocoagulability due to an excessive consumption of factors and the fundamental elements of the clinical picture. Treatment is analyzed outstanding the necessity of an adequate and urgent correction of the disturbance in volume, stressing the importance of supplying about 400 ml. x m-2 during the first hour and the necessary monitoring of central venous pressure as the best index to control perfussed fluids. Indications for electrolytic solutions are given, including blood, platelets, plasms, albumin, dextran and manitol. The fact that respiratory failure following "shock lung" is stressed as the main cause of death and the different procedures of management are described (ventilation, intubation, oxygen therapy, tracheostomy, mechanical ventilation and use of respirators, specially the Bird type). Vasodilator drugs are described together with their indications; also, contraindications of vasoconstrictive drugs. Several complications, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute adrenal failure, acute renal failure and arrhythmia are mentioned together with basic elements for prevention and treatment. Emphasis is placed on the serial control of several elementsusing a special counter in their outline: sensory, respiration including type, rythm and rate, cyanosis, central venous pressure, pulse, color of the skin, capillary filling, temperature, arterial pressure, diuresis, weight, and hydration. A careful hydrous balance is stressed. It is handled in the same counter
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PMID:[Treatment of acute circulatory failure (shock) in childhood]. 105 88

Acute renal failure of obstetric origin is common among North Indian patients and comprised 72 (22.1%) of 325 patients undergoing dialysis over an 11-year period. Of these, 46 gravidas had developed renal failure following abortion, and 29 cases were due to complications of late pregnancy. The most striking feature of this study was a high incidence of irreversible renal lesions of bilateral diffuse cortical necrosis in early (18.6%) as well as late pregnancy (37.8%). Overall incidence of diffuse cortical necrosis was 25%. In the remainder, acute tubular necrosis was seen in 52 (72.2%), patchy cortical necrosis in 1 (1.4%), and tubular necrosis along with glomerular involvement in 1 patient (1.4%). Pathogenetic factors which contributed to the development of renal failure, either singly or in combination, were loss of blood failure, either singly or in combination, were loss of blood (79.1%), septicemia (31.9%), hypotension due th hemorrhagic and septicemic shock (51.4%), eclamptic toxemia (11.1%), and disseminated intravascular coagulation in 12.5% patients. Infrequent occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in the septic anc eclamptic patients who developed diffuse cortical necrosis was an interesting finding, as was the fact that coagulopathy was more frequently observed in acute tubular necrosis. Late referral, frequent sepsis, and high incidence of bilateral diffuse cortical necrosis contributed significantly to a high mortality (55.3%).
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PMID:Acute renal failure of obstetric origin. 108 92

Intravascular hemolysis occurred twice in a series of 1582 consecutive intraamniotic midtrimester saline abortions. The hemolysis was associated with consumption coagulopathy and acute renal failure. Both patients made a complete recovery after a prolonged hospital stay; one required peritoneal dialysis. The pathogenesis of this serious complication of saline abortion is discussed but no satisfactory explanation has been reached.
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PMID:Intravascular hemolysis: a complication of midtrimester abortion: a report of two cases. 112 77

Eight patients with acute renal failure following snakebite were studied. Intravascular hemolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation contributed to the development of acute renal failure in 6 patients. Direct nephrotoxicity causing acute renal failure is postulated in 2 patients, 1 of whom also revealed evidence of mild, disseminated intravascular coagulation. Three patients had histopathological lesions of acute symmetrical cortical necrosis and 3 had acute tubular necrosis. In 1 patient with acute tubular necrosis, in whom direct nephrotoxicity seemed to be responsible for renal failure, the striking histological feature was a uniform debasement and disappearance of tubular epithelium. In 2 patients with a clinical course of acute tubular necrosis, histological lesions could not be documented. All the 5 patients with acute tubular necrosis regained full recovery of renal function, 3 of them with the help of dialysis and 2 with conservative management. None of the 3 patients with acute cortical necrosis survived in spite of intermittent dialysis therapy.
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PMID:Acute renal failure following snakebite. 115 3

A case of acute renal failure associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation occurring immediately post partum is reported. The aetiological role of the associated eclampsia together with evidence for a hypersensitivity reaction to ampicillin is discussed.
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PMID:Postpartum renal failure associated with eclampsia and penicillin hypersensitivity. 119 92

Plasmatic slow plasmin-inhibitor activity was assessed in 20 patients with acute renal failure and 12 controls with the fibrin plate method. The area of fibrinolysis was 250-5 +/- 5 mm2 in the patients and 289 +/- 6mm2 in the controls (P less than 0.001) and was negatively correlated with antiplasmin activity. Thirteen patients had areas of lysis equal to or inferior to the minimal lysis observed in the controls. No correlation was found between antiplasmin activity and serum fibrin-fibrinogen related antigen titres, the presence or absence of disseminated intravascular coagulation, or the causative disease.
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PMID:Enhanced antiplasmin activity in acute renal failure. 119 95

An infant, aged seven months, developed toxic shock with acute renal failure as a sequel to the development of hypertonic dehydration. The anuric phase persisted despite treatment of the dehydration and diuretic infusions. The coagulation tests showed signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation and so the child was given fibrinolytic therapy for 36 hours following initial heparinization. Excretion of urine recommenced 8 hours after the initiation of fibrinolytic therapy. Peritoneal dialysis was carried out in parallel with the fibrinolytic treatment without haemorrhagic complications. It was possible to terminate dialysis on the fourth day already and renal function subsequently recovered completely.
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PMID:[Disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute renal failure in an infant. Treated with streptokinase and peritoneal dialysis (author's transl)]. 121 46

The risk of adverse reactions to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), more commonly known as "ecstasy", is now widely known in both the USA and UK, but the patterns of illness remain varied. We report our experience during 1990 and 1991. There has been a recent increase in cases of severe toxicity following recreational misuse of small amounts of MDMA. Among 7 fatalities, the pattern of toxicity included fulminant hyperthermia, convulsions, disseminated intravascular coagulation, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure. Until now, there have been few reports of this type of toxicity from MDMA, which may be related both to the potential of the drug to alter thermoregulation and to the circumstances of misuse. In addition, we have monitored 7 cases of hepatotoxicity and suspect that the frequency of this complication is increasing; a history of MDMA misuse should be sought in young people presenting with unexplained jaundice or hepatomegaly. We also describe 5 subjects involved in road traffic accidents in whom MDMA was identified. Misuse of MDMA can have severe acute toxic effects; few data are available concerning long-term morbidity, and this deserves close monitoring in future.
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PMID:Toxicity and deaths from 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") 135 18

Two patients in a family of exertion-induced heat stroke were reported. Case 1: A 23-year-old male, paternal cousin of case 2, was admitted to our hospital because of loss of consciousness during running under a burning sun. On physical and neurological examinations, he was deeply comatose with high fever, tachycardia, and increased deep tendon reflexes. Laboratory findings disclosed rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, liver injury, and brain edema. He recovered after intensive cooling, some antibiotics, glycerol and sodium dantrolene administration. Case 2: A 19-year-old male experienced loss of consciousness and high fever during playing soccer at 15 years of age, and was admitted to a hospital. On admission, he had high fever of 38.7 degrees C, and increased serum CK level. He recovered two weeks after admission. He was readmitted to our hospital to evaluate the predisposition for malignant hyperthermia. His physical and neurological examinations showed no abnormalities. Routine laboratory findings were within normal limits. Muscle biopsy findings of cases 1 and 2 were mildly increased number of fibers with centrally placed nuclei. Caffeine test on skinned muscle fibers from the biopsies showed normal response in both type 1 and 2 fibers. The present patients were diagnosed as having exertion-induced heat stroke, but with no increased muscle fiber sensitivity to caffeine, suggesting that the pathomechanism differs from that of malignant hyperthermia induced by malfunction of sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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PMID:[Two familial cases with exertion-induced heat stroke--relationship to malignant hyperthermia]. 139 27


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