Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical and laboratory findings in four cases of acute renal failure following the onset of influenza A viral infection (Port Chalmers/1/73) are presented. Although the pathophysiologic mechanisms affecting the kidney in these cases varied, the ensuing renal failure in each patient was severe. Findings suggestive of acute myoglobinuria developed in one patient, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurred in another. The role of viruses in the pathogenesis of renal disease is reviewed. Despite inconclusive evidence that the influenza virus can cause human renal disease, the secondary pathways that can be triggered by viral infections may be even more significant in producing various degrees of renal dysfunction. The occurrence of renal failure during an episode of influenza represents a serious complication which may influence significantly the morbidity and mortality of patients with this viral infection.
 ...
PMID:Influenza A viral infection associated with acute renal failure. 98 71

Host versus graft (HVG) syndrome may be induced in parental strain mice by perinatal inoculations of F1 hybrid spleen cells. The principal manifestations of the disease include thrombocytopaenia, intravascular fibrin deposits, intestinal haemorrhage, hepatic infarcts, lymphosplenomegaly and renal disease. Immune complexes have been shown to be the cause of the renal lesions, and have been implicated as the triggers for disseminated intravascular coagulation. In the present studies of RFM mice perinatally inoculated with (T6 x RFM)F1 spleen cells (RFM/(T6 x RFM)F1 mice), quantitative determinations of serum immunoglobulins (Ig) revealed marked elevations of IgG1, IgG2, IgA and IgM. Electrophoretic analyses revealed the polyclonal pattern which typically follows chronic antigenic stimulation. However, IgG1 levels which reached 29 to 72 times control values suggested disruption of homeostatic mechanisms which control circulating Ig levels. Because antibody responses to histocompatibility antigens were present only occasionally, and then in low titre, it seemed unlikely these antigens were the principal causes of hypergammaglobulinaemia and plasmacytosis. Morphological studies indicated that the elevated levels of Ig seen in end-stage HVG syndrome correlated well with marked plasmacytosis, the third morphological finding in a sequence that included the precocious development of germinal centres and subsequent depletion of thymic-dependent (T) lymphocytes. The fact that spleen cells from RFM/(T6 x RFM)F1 mice were severely impaired in their capacity to cause graft versus host disease in related (T6 x RFM)F1 and unrelated C3H mice provided strong evidence that the HVG reaction resulted in T-cell depletion, rather than specific immunoincompetence.
 ...
PMID:Hyperimmunoglobulinaemia, T-cell deficiency and plasmacytosis in RFM mice with host versus graft disease induced by the perinatal inoculations (T6XRFM)F1 spleen cells. 108 3

The present status of regular dialysis and renal transplantation in patients with end-stage renal disease secondary to primary hyperoxaluria is reported. Clinical studies include one personal case with an 18-month period of follow-up and data concerning thirteen patients treated in 10 centres in Europe which have been collected through a cooperative survey carried out with the assistance of Registry of the EDTA. On January 1 st, 1974, mean survival of patients with oxalosis treated by RDT was 30.4 months (range 6 to 102 months). Five cadaveric renal transplants have been performed in four patients; two patients are surviving with grafts functioning for 18 and 45 months. Dialysis and/or transplantation should be performed in patients with oxalosis early enough to prevent ischaemic, cardiac and neuromusclar complications which occur at the end-stage of the disease. Evidence for blood coagulation disorders, particularly chronic consumption coagulopathy, should be investigated for with adequate laboratory methods and long-term heparin therapy instituted if necessary. No convincing reports concerning the efficiency of the various drugs which have been tried out to reduce the biosynthesis of oxalic acid in patients with oxalosis have been issued to this date.
 ...
PMID:Terminal renal failure due to oxalosis in 14 patients. 110 57

Host-versus-graft (HVG) disease is the fatal result of the allogenic reaction which occurs in parental strain mice perinatally inoculated with F(1) hybrid spleen cells. The principal manifestations of the syndrome in RFM/(T(6) X RFM)F(1) mice are thrombocytopenia, intestinal hemorrhage, hepatic necrosis, lymphoproliferative disorders and renal disease due to immune complexes. The discovery of intravascular fibrin deposits in the present studies establishes disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) as an intermediary mechanism of HVG disease. It is suggested that the characteristic declines in blood platelet levels, intestinal hemorrhages and hepatic infarcts are triggered principally by immune complexes. Cellular infiltrates of the liver, granulocytosis and hypergammaglobulinemia are other abnormalities which are regularly found in HVG mice and which are also thought to predispose to DIC.
 ...
PMID:Intravascular fibrin deposits, hepatic infarcts and thrombocytopenia in parent/F mouse chimeras with host-versus-graft syndrome. 112 97

The hemostatic effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEP) were investigated in 20 patients with end-stage renal disease (thirteen on hemodialysis, seven without dialysis) receiving this hormone. We studied their hemograms and coagulation profiles before and at 1 month after initiation of rHuEP therapy. One month after rHuEP administration, improvement in anemia (16/20, 80%) and shortening of bleeding time (17/19, 89.5%) were observed. Shortening or correction of bleeding time was achieved in three patients without any increase of the hemoglobin level. This means that factors other than the increased hematocrit level might contribute to shortening bleeding time in uremic patients receiving rHuEP treatment. The platelet count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen level did not change over the course of rHuEP therapy. Thrombosis of vascular access was not observed, and heparin doses were not increased in this short-term period. A significant decrease was found in the plasminogen level, from 108.5% to 88.2% (p less than 0.05), in uremic patients on hemodialysis. The antithrombin III level also decreased, from 98.8% to 89.8% (p less than 0.05), and its level dropped to below normal ranges in six of thirteen patients (46%) on hemodialysis after treatment with rHuEP. No significant change was noted in the levels of antithrombin III, plasminogen, and alpha 2-antiplasmin in uremic patients not receiving dialysis. These results suggest that rHuEP administration induces increased extracorporeal dialyzer clotting and consumption coagulopathy, and that this extracorporeal consumption coagulopathy may play a role in the genesis of thrombotic complications.
 ...
PMID:The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on hemostatic status in chronic uremic patients. 151 Nov 68

To investigate the physio-pathological functions of HC-II, assays for HC-II and AT-III were performed simultaneously on the samples from patients with DIC, liver dysfunction or renal disease from the three view points of consumption, production and loss of AT-III and HC-II. For the AT-III activity, two kinds of assays were applied: the automatic chromogenic substrate method and a newly developed clotting method which receives no effects from HC-II activity. The activity of HC-II was significantly lower than that of AT-III in patients with either DIC or liver dysfunction. However, no significant difference between HC-II and AT-III activities in patients with either thrombosis or renal disease. There were high correlations between HC-II and AT-III activities were found in the patients with liver dysfunction, suggesting that low activity was due to decreased production of HC-II and AT-III in the liver. It will be necessary that elucidation of the significant functions of HC-II not only in coagulation and hemostasis but also in regulation of local inflammation and invasion of neoplasm is necessary.
 ...
PMID:[Activities of antithrombin III and heparin cofactor II in patients with pathologic blood coagulation conditions]. 157 30

Three dogs were treated for acute severe systemic reactions following Hymenoptera stings. The reactions were characterized clinically by CNS depression, shock, and hemorrhage, and clinicopathologically by inflammation, liver injury, renal disease, hypoproteinemia, and possible disseminated intravascular coagulation. The severe systemic reaction may have resulted from allergic mechanisms, toxic, nonimmunologic mechanisms, or both. Rapid correction of hypovolemia and prevention of vascular stasis are the most important aspects of treatment.
 ...
PMID:Severe systemic reactions to Hymenoptera stings in three dogs. 203 3

The haemostatic balance can basically be described as the equilibrium between fibrin formation (coagulation) and fibrin lysis (fibrinolysis). The status of this balance may therefore be reflected by the products of these two processes. Until recently, the tests for assessment of fibrin(ogen) degradation products were performed in serum since they were based on polyclonal antibodies, which cross-react with fibrinogen. However, the use of serum introduces many artefacts so the utility of these serum tests is limited. New assays have now become available, which can be divided into quantitative enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) and semi-quantitative latex agglutination assays. The new assays can be carried out in plasma since they use highly specific monoclonal antibodies, the majority of which do not cross-react with fibrinogen. This makes it possible to avoid the serum artefacts. Furthermore, these plasma assays can discriminate between degradation products of fibrin and those of fibrinogen (FbDPs and FgDPs, respectively). The possible clinical utility of the new assays is discussed on the basis of literature data on the following clinical states: deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, liver disease and liver transplantation, sickle cell disease, renal diseases, pregnancy and preeclampsia, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), malignancy, coronary artery disease and thrombolytic therapy. Fibrinolysis appears to be accompanied by fibrinogenolysis. Detection of fibrin(ogen) derivatives may be used to rule out DVT and to monitor efficacy of anticoagulant treatment for DVT or DIC, and reflects severity of renal disease but not renal function. High levels of FgDPs were found during orthotopic liver transplantation and thrombolytic therapy. Fibrin(ogen) degradation products cannot be used to predict reperfusion following thrombolytic therapy. The fibrinolytic system remained active during normal and complicated pregnancy and in patients with malignancies. The new assays provide valuable information on fibrin(ogen)olysis in several diseases. More information on the haemostatic balance may be obtained by using these new assays for fibrin(ogen)olysis products in combination with assays for coagulation products.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibody-based plasma assays for fibrin(ogen) and derivatives, and their clinical relevance. 210 91

The effect of ancrod, a defibrinating agent, on murine lupus glomerulonephritis in the male BXSB mouse was studied to determine the relationship between macrophage procoagulant activity (PCA), fibrin deposition and glomerulonephritis. Marked renal disease and fibrin deposition were noted by three months of age in control mice, whereas little or no disease was seen in ancrod treated mice until five months of age. Similar high titers of anti-DNA antibodies and renal deposition of IgG were seen in both groups of mice. PCA rose with age in both ancrod treated and untreated mice, although it was significantly higher in control animals than in the ancrod treated group. Furthermore, ancrod therapy resulted in a decrease in plasma PCA inducing activity (PIF) and a decrease in the effectiveness of PIF to induce PCA in peritoneal macrophages in vitro. No mortality was observed in the 20 ancrod treated mice, whereas 10 of 20 control animals died. We conclude that defibrination with ancrod delays the development of renal fibrin deposition and glomerulonephritis and improves survival in BXSB mice. This was associated with a decrease in plasma PCA inducing activity and with an inhibitory effect on PCA induction. These results suggest that PCA contributes to injury in murine lupus glomerulonephritis by promoting fibrin deposition.
 ...
PMID:Ancrod improves survival in murine systemic lupus erythematosus. 229 6

The peculiarities of the diagnosis of sepsis in 24 patients with local purulent processes are presented. The DIC-syndrome, pulmonary syndrome, toxic nephropathy are of most importance in diagnosis of the disease.
 ...
PMID:[Diagnosis of infection]. 273 63


1 2 3 4 Next >>