Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

BACKGROUND Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the glycylcycline class. Hypoglycemia is a rare adverse effect associated with its use. We report a case of multiple episodes of severe hypoglycemia in a non-diabetic patient on treatment with tigecycline for cellulitis following snake bite. CASE REPORT A 45-years-old male was admitted with cellulitis of left leg due to snake bite with sepsis, acute kidney injury, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. A transtracheal aspirate culture showed infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae, and parenteral tigecycline was started based on the drug-sensitivity testing results. Multiple severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred, with persistently low blood glucose levels in the subsequent days. Tigecycline was stopped at the physician's discretion due to completion of the recommended course of treatment. The blood glucose levels continued to remain either below or on the lower end of the normal range before it started rising gradually. Tigecycline was again started based on another drug-sensitivity testing. A total of 4 episodes of hypoglycemia occurred over the next 2 days, and tigecycline was stopped prematurely. The patient's condition gradually improved with no more hypoglycemic episodes, and he was finally discharged. CONCLUSIONS We report a non-diabetic patient of cellulitis following snake bite who suffered from tigecycline-induced severe hypoglycemic episodes that persisted for a prolonged period of time. After a thorough search of the published literature, we could not find such a case of severe and sustained hypoglycemia due to tigecycline in an individual without diabetes and not on any hypoglycemic agent.
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PMID:Tigecycline-Induced Severe Hypoglycemia in a Non-Diabetic Individual: A Case Report and Brief Review of Tigecycline-Induced Severe Hypoglycemia. 3266 5

Vascular stress at the level of the uterus-placental unit, with chronic placental ischemia, results in intrauterine growth restriction. Expectation management can be used, when the situation allows, in cases of compensated intrauterine growth restriction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neonatal prognosis of preterm births with and without growth restriction and term births with growth restriction in order to improve decisional accuracy regarding the termination of pregnancy. The frequency of term birth infants with low birth weight for gestational age was ~2%. The male sex, predominated only in the group of premature infants with normal weight for the gestational age. The highest frequency of neonatal complications studied occurred in the group of preterm neonates small for gestational age (SGA) with statistical significance obtained for cardiovascular arrest acute respiratory failure, ulcer-necrotic enterocolitis, respiratory distress, cerebral edema, intraventricular hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, neonatal infection, hypoglycemia, retinopathy, anemia, hemorrhagic disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, disease of hyaline membranes, neonatal sepsis, need for intensive neonatal therapy and death. In conclusion, immediate neonatal adaptation of SGA preterm neonates is more deficient than for preterm neonates with appropriate weight for gestational age; the adaptation of preterm neonates, in turn, is more deficient than term newborns with intrauterine growth restriction. The term newborns with intrauterine growth restriction have a neonatal adaptation comparable to that of the term newborns with weight corresponding to the gestational age.
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PMID:Unfavorable influence of prematurity on the neonatal prognostic of small for gestational age fetuses. 3276 26

The severe form of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is characterized by cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Diabetes, obesity, and hypertension have, as minor common denominators, chronic low-grade inflammation and high plasma myeloperoxidase levels, which could be linked to pulmonary phagocytic hyperactivation and CSS. The hyperactivation of M1 macrophages with a proinflammatory phenotype, which is linked to aerobic glycolysis, leads to the recruitment of monocytes, neutrophils, and platelets from circulating blood and plays a crucial role in thrombo-inflammation (as recently demonstrated in COVID-19) through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps and monocyte-platelet aggregates, which could be responsible for DIC. The modulation of glucose availability for activated M1 macrophages by means of a eucaloric ketogenic diet (EKD) could represent a possible metabolic tool for reducing adenosine triphosphate production from aerobic glycolysis in the M1 macrophage phenotype during the exudative phase. This approach could reduce the overproduction of cytokines and, consequently, the accumulation of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets from the blood. Second, an EKD could be advantageous for the metabolism of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages because these cells predominantly express oxidative phosphorylation enzymes and are best fed by the oxidation of fatty acids in the mitochondria. An EKD could guarantee the availability of free fatty acids, which are an optimal fuel supply for these cells. Third, an EKD, which could reduce high lactate formation by macrophages due to glycolysis, could favor the production of interferon type I, which are inhibited by excessive lactate production. From a practical point of view, the hypothesis, in addition to being proven in clinical studies, must obviously take into account the contraindications of an EKD, particularly type 1 or 2 diabetes treated with drugs that can cause hypoglycemia, to avoid the risk for side effects of the diet.
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PMID:Induction of ketosis as a potential therapeutic option to limit hyperglycemia and prevent cytokine storm in COVID-19. 3294 31


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