Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Disseminated infection caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I is described in a previously healthy adult. The clinical course was characterized by progressive hepatic failure, fever, hypotension, atypical lymphocytosis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. No skin lesions were present and the causal agent was not suspended premortem; however, HSV-I was isolated from autopsy liver, and characteristic histopathological lesions of herpes infection were observed in liver and esophagus.
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PMID:Hepatitis in an adult caused by Herpes simplex virus type I. 18 Dec 86

In a mature newborn the symptoms of a disseminated HSV infection were evident at the 6th day of life. Later on bleeding occurred as a result of severe consumption coagulopathy. During treatment with Acyclovir the bleeding situation was controlled by fibrinogen replacement. The infant survived and is under normal psychologic and motorical development now. The treatment result is taken for the good virostatic efficacy of Acyclovir. It inhibits the DNA polymerases and therefore the DNA replication within the herpes viruses selectively. This high degree of selectivity is caused by its selective penetration into the infected cells, its faster transformation by the viral thymidine kinase as well as by its stronger affinity for HSV coded polymerase in detail. The diagnosis had been confirmed by detection of herpes viruses within the blister fluid and cerebrospinal fluid as well as by serological findings.
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PMID:[Generalized herpesvirus infection with severe consumption coagulopathy in a newborn infant]. 270 90

Four new cases of neonatal herpes pneumonia and five cases from the literature were assessed. Clinical presentations, laboratory abnormalities, and radiographic features were analyzed in an effort to establish helpful criteria for early institution of antiviral therapy. Any neonate who develops respiratory distress between the third and 14th days of life and has a chest radiograph that reveals prominent hilar with a central interstitial infiltrate is at high risk for herpes pneumonia. Antiviral therapy pending antigen detection and culture results should be strongly considered in any such patient when the etiology of pneumonitis is unknown and any of the following is found: (1) thrombocytopenia; (2) evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation; (3) elevated values in liver function tests; (4) a positive result in a rapid screening test for herpes simplex virus; (5) lymphocytic pleocytosis of the cerebrospinal fluid; (6) development of vesicular skin lesions; or (7) further deterioration in clinical status during treatment with antibiotics.
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PMID:Neonatal herpes simplex pneumonitis. 328 69

A 34-year-old woman was admitted for chronic graft-versus-host disease ten months after an unrelated bone marrow transplantation. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia on day 5 of hospitalization was negative. Thrombocytopenia occurred on day 9. Laboratory findings revealed severe liver dysfunction on day 13. On day 14, the patient developed interstitial pneumonia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, and died from progressive respiratory failure. Multinucleated giant cells were found in the lung, liver, spleen, esophagus, pancreas and intestine obtained at autopsy. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was detected in the blood using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. CMV, herpes virus type 6 and Epstein-Barr virus were detected in the liver and lung with the PCR technique. We concluded visceral VZV infection was the main cause of her death because of her aggressive clinical course and the histology at autopsy. In this case, chronic GVHD and its immunosuppressive treatment resulted in her fatal VZV reactivation.
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PMID:[Fatal acute visceral disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection in a patient with chronic graft-versus-host disease]. 1551 Aug 35

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is widely reported to develop after renal transplantation and is induced by activation of a latent human herpes virus 8. We report the clinical features and outcome of a 50-year-old woman who presented with KS 18 weeks after starting immunosuppressive therapy for vasculitis. She had positive-titer IgG antibody to human herpes virus 8. Cyclophosphamide pulses were interrupted, and prednisone was decreased gradually to 10 mg/day. Skin lesions showed important regression with stabilization of the general state and renal function. Eight months later, the patient presented with a diffuse cutaneous KS that required the discontinuation of steroids. Within 1 month, her general status and renal function deteriorated, and she died with a disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma following immunosuppressive therapy for vasculitis. 2142 34

Cutaneous infections might occur in up to 80% of organ transplant recipients (OTR) and viral infections are the most common them. The risk of different skin infection is among related to the intensity of immunosuppression. During the first post-transplant period, herpes viruses are most common. After some months following transplantation, human papilloma viruses represent the most significant infections among OTR. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus in OTR can become more invasive, takes longer to heal, and shows greater potential for dissemination to visceral organs compared to the general population. Specific immunosuppressive drugs (namely muromonab and mycophenolate mofetil) have been associated with an increased risk of herpes virus reactivation after transplantation. On the other hand, there is evidence that the mTOR inhibitors, such as everolimus, may be associated with a decreased incidence of herpesvirus infections in transplant recipients. The incidence of herpes zoster in OTR is 10 to 100 fold higher than the general population, ranging from 1% to 12%. The chronic immunosuppression performed in OTR may lead to persistent replication of herpesviruses, dissemination of the virus with multivisceral involvement (hepatitis, pneumonitis, myocarditis, encephalitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation) and eventually, the emergence of antiviral-drug resistance. Viral warts are the most common cutaneous infection occurring in OTR. The number of warts increases with the duration of immunosuppressive therapy. Since warts in organ recipients are frequently multiple and only rarely undergo spontaneous regression, the therapeutic management of warts in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs might be challenging. Imiquimod, 1% cidofovir ointment, acitretin proved to be useful off-label strategies for recalcitrant cutaneous viral warts in OTR. Extensive and atypical presentation of molluscum contagiosum has been also reported in OTR, with a prevalence between 3% to 6.9%. Giant molluscum contagiosum is a clinical variant in which large nodule greater than 0.5-1 cm in diameter are observed.
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PMID:Cutaneous viral infections in organ transplant patients. 2506 28

Infectious complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) due to impaired immunity secondary to the disease itself and to the immunosuppressive therapies administered to these patients. We report a 78-year-old woman with CLL who was treated with steroids for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). A few weeks later, she was admitted for severe acute hepatitis with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Despite the symptomatic treatment of DIC, standard reanimation and probabilistic antibiotics, the patient died within 24h with severe hepatic failure. Autopsy was in favor of a disseminated viral infection with esophageal, hepatic and pulmonary cytopathologic lesions with acidophilic intranuclear inclusions suggestive of herpes virus, even though HSV 1 and 2, CMV and HHV6 PCRs were negative. This case of severe viral hepatitis with esophagitis occurring three weeks after the introduction of high-dose steroid treatment for AIHA in a CLL patient calls for anti-herpetic prophylaxis in such patients, immunodepressed by their diseases and the treatment they receive.
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PMID:Severe viral hepatitis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), treated with steroids. 2554 74

Type 1 herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) is very prevalent yet in rare circumstances can lead to fatal neonatal disease. Genital acquisition of type 2 HSV is the usual mode for neonatal herpes, but HSV-1 transmission by genital or extragenital means may result in greater mortality rates. A very rare scenario is presented in which the mode of transmission was likely through breast lesions. The lesions were seen by nurses as well as the lactation consultant and obstetrician in the hospital after delivery of the affected baby but not recognized as possibly being caused by herpes. The baby died 9 days after birth with hepatic failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Peripartum health care workers need to be aware of potential nongenital (including from the breast[s]) neonatal herpes acquisition, which can be lethal.
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PMID:Fatal Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection Likely from Unrecognized Breast Lesions. 2618 19