Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Giant granules formation was investigated in myeloblasts of a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia by means of the combined techniques of peroxidase cytochemistry both in light and electron microscopy. Several pathologic features were noted: first an abnormal packaging of peroxidase in the peripheral area in large azurophilic granulations, second the progressive enlargement of huge vacuolar inclusions resulting from the interaction and fusion of large azurophilic granules with each other, with normal-sized primary granules and with cytoplasmic components. Microcrystalline structure could not be found in giant vacuoles no in vacuolar inclusions resembling Auer bodies. This last finding could explain that no disseminated intravascular coagulation was observed in our patient.
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PMID:Acute myeloid leukemia with giant inclusions: cytochemical and ultrastructural study. 642 81

A clinicopathological correlation of the lungs on 68 cases dying from burns was carried out. The patients were divided into two main groups. Those in which the burns were the main cause of death (30 cases) and the others that had other serious underlying pathology as well as burns (38 cases). The cases were analysed sequentially in order that the evolution of the pulmonary changes could be studied. Note was made of the level of inspired oxygen received by the patient. The pulmonary changes were similar in both cases. In the first 48 h there was congestion of the alveolar walls, capillary proliferation, interstitial and intra-alveolar oedema and intra-alveolar haemorrhage. 'Giant endothelial cells' appeared at 24 h. After 48 h there were many of these structures along with intravascular microthrombi denoting disseminated intravascular coagulation. Pneumonia and septicaemia were common findings after 48 h. In some of the septicaemic patients there was basophilic staining both in the blood vessel wall as well as inside the lumen. Hyaline membranes were uncommon, being found in only four cases. Similarly interstitial and intra-alveolar fibrosis were uncommon. Interstitial fibrosis was present in only 8/30 cases where burns were the main cause of death, and in some of these there were other causes for the fibrosis. No correlation was found between the presence of hyaline membranes, interstitial fibrosis and the percentage or duration of oxygen therapy. These findings once again question the validity of the concept of oxygen toxicity in man.
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PMID:The lung parenchyma in burns. 687 85

Giant vascular neoplasms in neonates generally require aggressive medical or surgical therapy for treatment of complications. Steroids, chemotherapy, embolization, radiation, and surgery have all been used with short-term beneficial and sometimes unknown long-term side effects. A new modality of treatment, alpha-interferon, has recently been described. The majority of hemangiomas in children involute by 8 years of age. Occasionally, hemangiomas can endanger vital structures and are associated with a consumption coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia (Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome). These hemangiomas occasionally do not respond to steroids, radiation therapy, cytotoxic drugs, or embolization. The mortality rates approach 50% in nonresponders. Alpha-interferon has been used in these children with life-threatening complications of hemangiomas with relief of symptoms. This case illustrates the potential use of alpha-interferon in the management of giant hemangiomas in children. This emerging form of biological therapy avoids the risks of radiation therapy, embolization, and surgery with only minimal side effects.
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PMID:Successful management of an infant with a giant hemangioma of the retroperitoneum and Kasabach-Merritt syndrome with alpha-interferon. 826 1

Liver hemangiomas are the most common benign liver tumors and are usually incidental findings. Liver hemangiomas are readily demonstrated by abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Giant liver hemangiomas are defined by a diameter larger than 5 cm. In patients with a giant liver hemangioma, observation is justified in the absence of symptoms. Surgical resection is indicated in patients with abdominal (mechanical) complaints or complications, or when diagnosis remains inconclusive. Enucleation is the preferred surgical method, according to existing literature and our own experience. Spontaneous or traumatic rupture of a giant hepatic hemangioma is rare, however, the mortality rate is high (36-39%). An uncommon complication of a giant hemangioma is disseminated intravascular coagulation (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome); intervention is then required. Herein, the authors provide a literature update of the current evidence concerning the management of giant hepatic hemangiomas. In addition, the authors assessed treatment strategies and outcomes in a series of patients with giant liver hemangiomas managed in our department.
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PMID:Management of giant liver hemangiomas: an update. 2344 35

Cutaneous infections might occur in up to 80% of organ transplant recipients (OTR) and viral infections are the most common them. The risk of different skin infection is among related to the intensity of immunosuppression. During the first post-transplant period, herpes viruses are most common. After some months following transplantation, human papilloma viruses represent the most significant infections among OTR. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus in OTR can become more invasive, takes longer to heal, and shows greater potential for dissemination to visceral organs compared to the general population. Specific immunosuppressive drugs (namely muromonab and mycophenolate mofetil) have been associated with an increased risk of herpes virus reactivation after transplantation. On the other hand, there is evidence that the mTOR inhibitors, such as everolimus, may be associated with a decreased incidence of herpesvirus infections in transplant recipients. The incidence of herpes zoster in OTR is 10 to 100 fold higher than the general population, ranging from 1% to 12%. The chronic immunosuppression performed in OTR may lead to persistent replication of herpesviruses, dissemination of the virus with multivisceral involvement (hepatitis, pneumonitis, myocarditis, encephalitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation) and eventually, the emergence of antiviral-drug resistance. Viral warts are the most common cutaneous infection occurring in OTR. The number of warts increases with the duration of immunosuppressive therapy. Since warts in organ recipients are frequently multiple and only rarely undergo spontaneous regression, the therapeutic management of warts in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs might be challenging. Imiquimod, 1% cidofovir ointment, acitretin proved to be useful off-label strategies for recalcitrant cutaneous viral warts in OTR. Extensive and atypical presentation of molluscum contagiosum has been also reported in OTR, with a prevalence between 3% to 6.9%. Giant molluscum contagiosum is a clinical variant in which large nodule greater than 0.5-1 cm in diameter are observed.
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PMID:Cutaneous viral infections in organ transplant patients. 2506 28

Giant liver haemangiomas are usually asymptomatic with normal liver function, which makes the course long and uneventful. The most commonly reported complications of giant haemangiomas are rupture with intraperitoneal haemorrhage that is either traumatic or non-traumatic, consumption coagulopathy, Budd-Chiari syndrome and congestive heart failure. We describe the first reported complications of a giant liver haemangioma as a fistula between the haemangioma and the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Giant haemangioma of the liver with haemangiodudenal fistula: the first reported case in literature. 2627 59