Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A previously healthy 19-year-old woman had a febrile illness with hypotension, progressive cyanosis, and an evolving petechial rash. Despite aggressive therapy in the face of shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation, the patient suffered a cardiac arrest and could not be resuscitated. Haemophilus influenzae type b was cultured from the blood and echovirus 30 from the cerebrospinal fluid post mortem. Fulminant H influenzae type b infection in an immunocompetent adult is rare but should be recognized as a possible cause of the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome.
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PMID:Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in an immunocompetent young adult. 259 28

We observed and recorded clinical and laboratory data from 54 children with fever and a maculo-papular rash admitted to Soroka Medical Center, Beersheva, Israel suffering from serologically confirmed rickettsial spotted fever. The rash generally began on the palms and soles and extended centripetally to the torso. Other clinical findings included myalgia, headache, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. None had a "tache noire". A left shift in the white cells, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatraemia and impaired liver function tests were common laboratory abnormalities. All recovered following oral doxycycline therapy. Serious sequelae such as myocarditis, encephalitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation, as reported in Rocky Mountain spotted fever, did not occur.
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PMID:Israeli rickettsial spotted fever in children. A review of 54 cases. 288 43

In children, as in adults, Still's disease usually presents with a hectic fever, a characteristic rash and arthralgia or arthritis. Visceral involvement is however classical; the hepatic manifestations were studied with respect to two cases. Biochemical changes are common, often mild: the commonest abnormality is cytolysis. Jaundice is less frequent and hepatic involvement may in exceptional cases be life threatening, usually in cases of serious polyvisceral disease often with disseminated intravascular coagulation. These manifestations may be spontaneous or secondary to salicylate therapy; the anatomical changes are the same; the salicylate would therefore seem rather to unmask and aggravate an underlying hepatic abnormality.
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PMID:[Hepatic manifestations in Still's disease]. 307 93

An autopsy case of systemic mastocytosis without cutaneous involvement in a 76-year-old woman was described. The patient presented with general malaise, chest and epigastric discomfort, flushing of the face and progressive hepatosplenomegaly, and she terminated in hemorrhagic complications of DIC within 2 months. There was neither rash nor urticaria pigmentosa recognizable in the entire course. The diagnosis was made by the histologic identification of abnormal aggregates of mast cells in a bone marrow aspirate. These mast cell granules were chloroacetate esterase-positive, peroxidase-negative, and electronmicroscopically they were composed of fine granular materials containing variable numbers of lamellar structures. At autopsy, diffuse infiltration of the mast cells was found in the liver, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and adrenal glands.
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PMID:Systemic mastocytosis without cutaneous involvement. 355 89

Fourteen children, 4 males and 10 females, with malignant histiocytosis (MH) were treated between July 1980 and June 1986. None of them had an affected sibling with a similar disorder. Septic-type fever was the most prominent symptom in all cases. Hepatosplenomegaly was present in 13 cases, lymphadenopathy, skin rash and jaundice in 8, pulmonary infiltration or pleural effusion on chest X-ray in 8, convulsion in 6, and renal involvement in 5 out of the 14 cases. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was seen in 13 cases and this occurred within two weeks from onset in 6 cases. Pancytopenia, abnormal results of liver function tests, hypofibrinogenemia and hypocholesterolemia were common. The diagnosis was made for all 14 cases by characteristic clinical symptoms, signs, and bone marrow findings. In 8 cases, biopsy or autopsy specimens confirmed the diagnosis. Two patients died prior to chemotherapy. Twelve patients were treated with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (ACOP). Complete response (CR) was achieved in five patients, and another two patients attained CR after subsequent treatment with other combinations including VP 16-213. These 7 complete responders are now alive and free of disease 11+ to 70+ months (median, 50+ months) from the onset of disease. All partial and non-responders died within 6 months with a median survival of 20 days. Among several clinical features as prognostic indicators, renal involvement, convulsion, and DIC occurring within 2 weeks were significantly related to poor outcome. Although MH is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis, prompt diagnosis and early treatment with intensive systemic combination chemotherapy should further improve the outcome.
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PMID:[Clinical features and therapeutic results in 14 cases of malignant histiocytosis in childhood]. 380 Apr 4

Analysis of the bleeding manifestations of 130 cases of dengue haemorrhagic fever admitted into the Children's ward of the General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur from May 1973 to September 1978 has been done. Petechial skin rash, epistaxis and gum bleeding were seen most commonly in mild and moderately severe cases. However, blood stained gastric aspirates, and severe haematemesis were seen in severe or very severe cases. Though with better vector control and preventive measures, a marked reduction in the incidence of the cases has been noted, severe cases were seen with symptoms of shock and gastrointestinal bleeding. These symptoms carried a bad prognosis. Among 15 children that died 10 had gastrointestinal bleeding and 2 had a disseminated intravascular coagulation defect. Lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes, low platelet count, low reticulocyte count and raised packed cell volume were the main haematological features seen in all these cases. All these features reverted to normal within a week. Mild evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen in a number of cases, but severe features were seen only in four. Two cases improved as a result of heparin therapy.
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PMID:Bleeding manifestations of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Malaysia. 611 19

A patient had severe pneumonia, respiratory failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by Chlamydia psittaci. Cutaneous findings included a maculopapular blanching rash, acrocyanosis, superficial venous thromboses, and splinter hemorrhages under the fingernails. The history of exposure to potential vectors of psittacosis and the presence of some or all the cutaneous findings described herein may lead to the early recognition of psittacosis.
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PMID:Cutaneous findings in a case of psittacosis. 647 61

A fatal case of Streptococcus equisimilis pneumonia and septicemia is described in a young man with Hodgkin's disease. The disease course consisted of exudative pharyngitis, macular rash, septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolization. S. equisimilis was isolated from blood, throat, and sputum cultures antemortem and from lung cultures at autopsy.
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PMID:Streptococcus equisimilis Pneumonia in a compromised host. 683 89

Sixteen children (ages 2--17) with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were studied retrospectively. Diagnosis was based on clinical features and morphological criteria of the FAB classification. Bleeding diathesis was the predominant presenting symptom (greater than 85%), associated with laboratory findings of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Extramedullary manifestations included skin rash in six patients, gum infiltration in two, and meningeal leukemia in two. Induction therapy consisted of cytosine arabinoside and an anthracycline, with or without other agents. Prophylactic heparinization was given to 12 patients. Six patients (37.5%) failed to achieve remission and died, secondary to hemorrhage in three, and secondary to infection in the remaining three patients. The median duration of remission was 14 months, and the median survival for responders was 21 months. One meningeal leukemia preceded bone marrow relapse despite intermittent intrathecal chemotherapy for prophylaxis. Three patients remain in continuous complete remission 3 years after initial diagnosis. Although childhood APL shares many features of its adult counterpart, the high frequency of extramedullary manifestations and mortality secondary to neutropenia deserves separate attention.
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PMID:Acute promyelocytic leukemia in children. 693 7

A case of fulminant meningococcal septicemia is reported in which an acute gastroenteritis was the presenting symptom. Disseminated intravascular coagulation, profound hypotension and a haemorrhagic skin rash were the dominant clinical features. Successful treatment was directed towards the replacement of coagulation factors, treatment of the underlying infection and reversal of hypotension with the inotropic agent, dopamine. Corticosteroids were used in pharmacological doses, but heparin was not used. The pathogenesis of several abnormalities in this disease is briefly reviewed.
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PMID:Fulminant meningococcemia. 694 45


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