Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

D-Penicillamine and captopril, two drugs that induce autoimmune manifestations in man, were administered orally for 5 to 10 months to various strains of rats. Three to eight weeks after D-penicillamine administration in a dosage of 20 to 50 mg per day, 73% of Brown Norway (BN) rats became ill. The disease was characterized by weight loss, dermatitis, and a high mortality presumably caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation. Microscopy revealed widespread granulomatous and necrotic lesions. The plasma of these animals contained antinuclear antibodies and immune complexes. In the kidney deposits of IgG were found in a linear pattern along the glomerular basement membrane. IgG eluted from diseased kidneys bound both "in vitro" and "in vivo" to kidney basement membranes. BN rats initially receiving 5 mg of D-penicillamine per day and subsequently 20 and 50 mg per day did not develop disease. No adverse effects were noted in Lewis (LEW) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats treated with 20 or 50 mg of D-penicillamine per day, nor in BN and LEW rats treated with 20 mg of captopril per day.
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PMID:Effects of prolonged administration of D-penicillamine or captopril in various strains of rats. Brown Norway rats treated with D-penicillamine develop autoantibodies, circulating immune complexes, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. 636 81

We treated 70 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with daily oral 45 mg/m2 all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in 2 multi-institutional prospective studies. Of 63 evaluable patients, 21 were resistant to initial induction chemotherapy, 10 were resistant to salvage chemotherapy after relapse, 17 were in the first relapse, 4 in the second relapse, 4 in the third relapse, and 7 were previously untreated. In the first study with ATRA from China, 18 (82%) of 22 evaluable patients achieved CR within 8 to 53 days with a median of 29 days. Initial peripheral leukemia cell counts were significantly less in the CR cases (p < 0.01). They were less than 100/mm3 in 17 of 18 CR cases, and more than 200/mm3 in all failure cases. Patients achieving CR received standard consolidation and maintenance chemotherapies, and the 16-month predicted continuing CR rate is 60%. Based on the first study, in the second study with ATRA from Hoffmann-La Roche AG, if initial peripheral leukemia cell counts were more than 200/mm3, chemotherapy was first given and then ATRA was started. Of 41 evaluable patients, 36 (88%) achieved CR within 11 to 91 days with a median of 34 days. Of 3 patients who received preceding chemotherapy due to high leukemia cell counts, 2 achieved CR. Morphological evidence of differentiation was noted in all CR cases, with Auer rods in mature segmented neutrophils in 13 cases. The clinical signs of DIC decreased rapidly within a few days and disappeared in CR cases. Toxicities attributable to ATRA were minimal and included cheilitis, xerosis, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disorders, bone pain, liver damage and high serum triglyceridemia.
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PMID:[Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans retinoic acid]. 839 Feb 26

We treated 70 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with daily oral 45 mg/m2 all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in 2 multi-institutional prospective studies. Of 63 evaluable patients, 21 were resistant to initial induction chemotherapy, 10 were resistant to salvage chemotherapy after relapse, 17 were in the first relapse, 4 in the second relapse, 4 in the third relapse, and 7 were previously untreated. In the first study with ATRA from China, 18 (82%) of 22 evaluable patients achieved CR within 8 to 53 days with a median of 29 days. Initial peripheral leukemia cell counts were significantly less in the CR cases (p < 0.01). They were less than 100/cmm in 17 of 18 CR cases, and more than 200/cmm in all failure cases. Patients achieving CR received standard consolidation and maintenance chemotherapies, and the 16-month predicted continuing CR rate is 60%. Based on the first study, in the second study with ATRA from Hoffmann-La Roche AG, if initial peripheral leukemia cell counts were more than 200/cmm, chemotherapy was first given and then ATRA was started. Of 41 evaluable patients, 36 (88%) achieved CR within 11 to 91 days with a median of 34 days. Of 3 patients who received preceding chemotherapy due to high leukemia cell counts, 2 achieved CR. Morphological evidence of differentiation was noted in all CR cases, with Auer rods in mature segmented neutrophils in 13 cases. The clinical signs of DIC decreased rapidly within a few days and disappeared in CR cases. Toxicities attributable to ATRA were minimal and included cheilitis, xerosis, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disorders, bone pain, liver damage and high serum triglyceridemia.
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PMID:[Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans retinoic acid]. 843 55

Caterpillars are the wormlike, larval forms of butterflies and moths of the insect order Lepidoptera. Next to flies, lepidopterans are the most abundant arthropods with more than 165,000 species worldwide, and with most species posing no human threats. However, caterpillar species from approximately 12 families of moths or butterflies worldwide can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and atopic asthma to osteochondritis, consumption coagulopathy, renal failure, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Unlike bees and wasps, envenoming or stinging caterpillars do not possess stingers or modified ovipositors attached to venom glands, but instead bear highly specialized external nettling or urticating hairs and breakaway spines or setae to defend against attacks by predators and enemies. Since the 1970s, there have been increasing reports of mass dermatolgic, pulmonary, and systemic reactions following caterpillar encounters throughout the world.
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PMID:The evolving global epidemiology, syndromic classification, management, and prevention of caterpillar envenoming. 1577 33

Venomous reptiles especially serpents are well known for their adverse effects after accidental conflicts with humans. Upon biting humans these serpents transmit arrays of detrimental toxins with diverse physiological activities that may either lead to minor symptoms such as dermatitis and allergic response or highly severe symptoms such as blood coagulation, disseminated intravascular coagulation, tissue injury, and hemorrhage. Other complications like respiratory arrest and necrosis may also occur. Bungarotoxins are a group of closely related neurotoxic proteins derived from the venom of kraits (Bungarus caeruleus) one of the six most poisonous snakes in India whose bite causes respiratory paralysis and mortality without showing any local symptoms. In the current study, by employing various pharmacoinformatic approaches, we have explored the antidote properties of 849 bioactive phytochemicals from 82 medicinal plants which have already shown antidote properties against various venomous toxins. These herbal compounds were taken and pharmacoinformatic approaches such as ADMET, docking and molecular dynamics were employed. The three-dimensional modelling approach provides structural insights on the interaction between bungarotoxin and phytochemicals. In silico simulations proved to be an effective analytical tools to investigate the toxin-ligand interaction, correlating with the affinity of binding. By analyzing the results from the present study, we proposed nine bioactive phytochemical compounds which are, 2-dodecanol, 7-hydroxycadalene, indole-3-(4'-oxo)butyric acid, nerolidol-2, trans-nerolidol, eugenol, benzene propanoic acid, 2-methyl-1-undecanol, germacren-4-ol can be used as antidotes for bungarotoxin.
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PMID:Pharmacoinformatic Approach to Explore the Antidote Potential of Phytochemicals on Bungarotoxin from Indian Krait, Bungarus caeruleus. 3045 55