Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Falciparum malaria is the most hazardous form of malaria. Its high degree of parasitemia interferes with vital functions of most organs and is directly responsible for its high rate of mortality and morbidity. Quinine and other antimalarial drugs are relatively slow acting and not always effective due to the growing resistance developed by Plasmodium toward these drugs. Another emergency modality, which would remove the parasitic burden quickly and effectively, is thus much needed. We present a case of a 51-year-old sailor, who was admitted to the hospital because of complicated falciparum malaria. His situation deteriorated rapidly into a desparate stage, despite the various intensive treatments and quinine. He soon developed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome manifested as cerebral malaria, renal failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation. An emergency blood exchange reversed the situation dramatically, and the patient recovered completely. It is recommended that any doctor, both in endemic and in non endemic areas, dealing with blood transfusions or infectious diseases, should be acquainted with this lifesaving modality, regardless of the controversy still surrounding this subject.
 ...
PMID:Blood exchange [correction of exchance]-a rescue procedure for complicated falciparum malaria. 772 67

From 1980-1990 245 immunocompetent patients were admitted to The Department of Infectious Diseases, Marselisborg Hospital with purulent meningitis or meningococcal septicaemia. The clinical diagnosis was established by clinical examination and by neutrophil pleocytosis. The aetiological diagnosis was established by demonstration of bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid by microscopy or culture and by blood culture. Clinical signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) or demonstration of meningococcal antibodies (MAT) in serum were considered diagnostic for meningococcal disease. The group comprised 120 males and 125 females aged 0-90 years. One hundred and eleven (45%) had meningococcal disease, 69 (28%) had pneumococcal meningitis, and 20 (8%) had H. influenzae-meningitis. Other aetiologies occurred in one to six cases. No aetiology could be established in 25 (10%) patients. Patients with meningococcal and pneumococcal disease were treated with monotherapy with high doses of penicillin, and H. influenzae-meningitis was treated with ampicillin. In patients with meningitis of unknown aetiology penicillin was used, except in children below the age of five where ampicillin was used. In patients with meningococcal disease the mortality was 5.4%, and 17% developed sequelae. In pneumococcal meningitis the corresponding figures were 13% and 17%, and in H. influenzae-meningitis 0% and 5% respectively. Among 20 patients with other aetiologies one patient (5%) died, and eight (40%) developed sequelae, whereas one patient (4%) died, and one (4%) developed sequelae in the group with meningitis of unknown aetiology. No ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae-strains were demonstrated. We suggest that monotherapy with betalactam-antibiotics is still a valuable treatment for meningitis in Denmark.
 ...
PMID:[Purulent meningitis at the Marselisborg Hospital 1980-1990]. 781 15

We evaluated a latex agglutination assay method for concentration of plasmin/alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PPI) developed recently. The latex reagent consisted of two kinds of latex particles, one was coated with monoclonal antibody against plasmin (JIPPI-3) and another coated with monoclonal antibody against modified alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor (JIPPI-50). A correlation of concentrations of PPI between this method and ordinary EIA kit was very good (r = 0.969). Within-run precision of latex agglutination reagent also was good. The concentrations of PPI in plasmas of 40 in 43 normal subjects were 0-0.8 microgram/ml and others were 0.8-1.6 microgram/ml. Plasma levels of PPI were markedly elevated in patients with DIC. In addition, half of the patients with malignant tumors or liver diseases had increased levels of PPI. 16 of 32 cases with selected diseases (18 malignant tumors, 4 liver diseases, 2 infectious diseases, 2 cerebral contusions, 6 others) showed abnormal levels in PPI (> or = 0.8 microgram/ml) during several days preceding the elevation of FDP. It suggested that PPI could reflect fibrinolysis earlier than FDP. This latex agglutination assay is a simple and rapid method, and specific for the determination of PPI concentration as well as EIA method. We conclude that this assay method is very convenient for clinical use.
 ...
PMID:[Evaluation of a latex agglutination assay method for the determination of plasmin/alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex]. 805 4

Symptoms of endogenic hepatic coma were observed in the course of acute hepatitis in 17 patients admitted to the I Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Silesian Medical School between 1987 and 1992. Five of them were treated with the arterialization of portal blood. At least one exchange transfusion preceded the arterialization in four cases. Recovery was obtained in 3 patients. Two patients died because of complications which occurred during the twenty-four hours after the intervention. In the first case the reason of the death was the extensive myocardial infarction, in the second one-DIC and ARDS. As it has been observed, the prothrombin rate should not be lower than 30% in these patients who are to undergo the arterialization of portal blood. This value of the prothrombin rate is provided by at least one exchange transfusion.
 ...
PMID:[Endogenic hepatic coma in the course of acute hepatitis treated with arterialization of portal blood]. 823 45

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is uncommon in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), despite the high incidence of infectious diseases. We describe an HIV-infected patient presenting with disseminated cryptococcosis, who had clear-cut laboratory evidence of progressively worsening DIC (thrombocytopenia, prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, hypofibrinogenemia, increased fibrin(ogen) degradation products and D-Dimer, reduced antithrombin III), although the clinical signs of the disease were rather scarce. The patient died despite intense treatment, which included heparin and fresh frozen plasma, and DIC was confirmed histologically. It is suggested that, in a patient with AIDS presenting with an opportunistic infection, laboratory signs of DIC should be carefully checked to early recognize this complication and promptly initiate the required therapy.
Infection
PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with disseminated cryptococcosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 836 14

To analyze the outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and also to clarify the clinical factor(s) contributing to the outcome, we retrospectively investigated 120 SLE patients treated between 1981 and 1991. Eight of these patients (6.7%) developed acute DIC; four recovered and the other four died within 2 weeks of onset. Infection preceded acute DIC in all these patients. Acute DIC associated with atypical pneumonia was always fatal, while the patients with pharyngitis or urinary tract infection survived when they were treated adequately. Comparison of the dead and surviving groups revealed that the activity of SLE before the onset of DIC, the severity of DIC, and the treatment given for DIC and the coexistent infection were not significantly related to a fatal outcome. However, severe infection such as atypical pneumonia in patients with secondary immunodeficiency was likely to be fatal irrespective of the presence of DIC.
 ...
PMID:Improved or fatal acute disseminated intravascular coagulation in systemic lupus erythematosus. 843 79

Very few data on the frequency and diversity of haematological abnormalities occurring in brucellosis in children have been reported. In the present study 110 children (56 boys and 54 girls; age range, 2 months to 14 years) with proven brucellosis were investigated to determine the haematological changes during the active course of this infection. Anaemia was detected in 48 (44%) patients, of whom four had evidence of haemolysis. Leukopenia occurred in 33% of the cases, with neutropenia and/or lymphopenia being the most striking features encountered. Thrombocytopenia was found in six (5%) patients and pancytopenia in 15 (14%) patients, of whom one developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. Clinically detectable bleeding occurred in five (4.5%) patients whose platelet counts were significantly low. Hypersplenism, haemophagocytosis and granulomatous lesions of the bone marrow appear to play a fundamental role in producing these abnormalities of the peripheral blood. Brucellosis may be considered in patients whose blood picture reveals haemolytic anaemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or pancytopenia, particularly when the disease is epidemiologically suspected.
Infection
PMID:Haematological manifestations of childhood brucellosis. 844 76

CAP18 (cationic antimicrobial protein, 18kDa) is a 142 amino acid protein originally isolated from rabbit granulocytes using agglutination of LPS-coated erythrocytes as an assay. CAP-18 is composed of an N-terminal domain of unknown function (CAP181-105) and a C-terminal LPS-binding domain (CAP18106-142). Synthetic CAP18106-142 and CAP18106-137, a 32-amino acid peptide resulting from the truncation of 5 amino acids from the C-terminus of CAP18106-142, inhibited LPS-induced tissue factor generation, nitric oxide production and TNF release by macrophages. Mice treated with CAP18106-142 or CAP18106-137 were significantly protected from LPS lethality. Although CAP18106-142 and CAP18106-137 were highly active, other fragments of CAP18106-142, including CAP18110-142 with a truncated N-terminus, did not exhibit LPS-binding and LPS-neutralizing activities. Both peptides had broad anti-microbial activity against both Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IC50; 40-100 nM) and Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus(Methicillin sensitive and resistant strains) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (IC50; 100-200nM). We cloned a CAP18 family protein from human granulocytes. The cloned cDNA encoded 140 amino acid residues. Human CAP18 (CAP181-140) was highly homologous to that of rabbit. A 32- amino-acid C-terminal fragment (CAP18104-135) was shown to bind LPS, inhibit LPS-induced tissue factor generation by murine macrophages, and protect mice from LPS lethality. This peptide exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. We hypothesize that CAP18 and the derived peptides bind to LPS and alter the capacity of LPS to initiate disseminated intravascular coagulation. In this regard, CAP may act as host defense protein against infectious diseases, and have therapeutic potential for sepsis and endotoxin shock.
 ...
PMID:Structure and functions of endotoxin-binding peptides derived from CAP18. 852 37

Over the period 1985 through 1994, observations are conducted on forty-eight patients, 35 men and 13 women, with age ranging from 11 to 56 years, presenting anaerobic non-spore-forming infection of the soft tissues (necrotizing fasciitis (3), postinjection nonclostridial myositis (7), crepitant cellulitis in diabetic gangrene (21), neck phlegmon (5), perineal phlegmon (9), and progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene against the background of chronic osteomyelitis (3). Infection development is characterized by local necrotic processes, intoxication, crepitations, fetor, fever, and in part of the patients--septic shock and DIC syndrome. The microbiological study shows presence of anaerobes, as mono- and polyinfection, aerobic-anaerobic associations, and gram-negative aerobes--in one patient alone. Invariably, the general condition is rather serious. Lethality amounting to 12.5 percent is ascribed to the late detection and unspecified and inadequate treatment protocol in the initial period of observation. The treatment is complex: incisions with successive many-staged necrectomies, antibiotics, metronidazole, hyperbaric oxygenation and hemadsorption. If several (2-3) of the aforementioned symptoms are present, evidence of anaerobic flora should be mandatory and purposefully seeked.
 ...
PMID:[Anaerobic nonclostridial soft-tissue infection]. 864 57

As long-term survival has become possible in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) with progress in hemodialysis (HD), complications by various extrarenal diseases has presented new problems. Recent experience of two rare cases of ADPKD ending fatally due to complications by polycystic liver is presented. Case 1: A 60-year-old female with a family history of ADPKD without a past history of liver disease, was diagnosed as ADPKD at the age of 45 years. Hemodialysis was started at the age of 58 years. From 6 months prior to her death, abdominal circumference increased (body height: 149 cm, abdominal circumference: 100 cm). Dyspnea, abdominal pain and anorexia appeared and she died of hepatic failure leading to cachexia. Case 2: A 76-year-old female with a family history of ADPKD without a past history of liver disease, was started on HD at the age of 73 years. Abdominal circumference was 84 cm (body height: 138 cm). She was repeatedly admitted to and discharged from the hospital due to febrile episodes. Infection of polycystic liver was complicated by DIC and she died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Autopsy revealed abscess in some of the cysts in the liver. Hepatic cysts most frequently complicating ADPKD so far have presented with scarcely any clinical problems. Recently, however, cases of infection of hepatic cysts, portal hypertension and hepatic insufficiency have been reported. The relationship between these hepatic diseases and the prognosis of ADPKD has received attention. Increase in the number of cases of complications similar to the present cases is anticipated.
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease treated with hemodialysis associated with polycystic liver complications related to the cause of death]. 875 71


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>