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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 164 consecutive newborns seen in consultations, three babies had either a preretinal or a vitreous hemorrhage, a rare occurrence. Two of these babies had a mild form of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The hemorrhages cleared within a few months after birth. Each of the three babies was premature, had a respiratory distress syndrome, and was born to a primiparous mother. The possibility of a coagulation defect causing intraocular hemorrhage in newborns should be considered along with the tranditional mechanical theories.
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PMID:Vitreous hemorrhages and disseminated intravascular coagulation in the newborn. 94 72

Fourteen heparinized dogs were autotransfused from 1-5 to 6 times calculated blood volume. Five animals retransfused 12 litres from an intraperitoneal bleed had marked decreases in all cellular elements, haematuria and a large (82 percent) drop in fibrinogen. All these animals died within 12 hours and post-mortem examination revealed evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. The dogs in which a smaller volume (3-6 litres) was recycled showed similar, but less devastating, changes. Haematocrit and platelet count dropped by a half and fibrinogen by 20 per cent. A leucocytosis of about 30 000/mm3 occurred within 24 hours. Autotransfusion of salvaged blood which was not allowed extravascular tissue contact significantly lessened these adverse effects. We conclude that the risk of cellular destruction and defibrination in large volume intra-operative autotransfusion is significant and must be weighed against its potential benefits in each case, and that red cell and platelet damage results primarily from extravascular tissue contact and is therefore unavoidable.
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PMID:The haematological hazards of autotransfusion. 95 72

Disseminated intravascular coagulation developed secondary to hepatic necrosis in a 5-year-old Saint Bernard. Although the coagulopathy responded to treatment with heparin, the dog died from the combined effects of gastric hemorrhage and encephalopathy, both of which are complications of hepatic necrosis.
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PMID:Coagulopathy and encephalopathy in a dog with acute hepatic necrosis. 97 48

Sixty-five cases of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) were discovered at autopsy during a 10 year period--an incidence of 1.6 per cent in the adult autopsy population. In 51 cases, one or more malignant neoplasms were associated; adenocarcinoma represented the most frequent histologic type of related neoplasm. Coagulation abnormalities suggestive of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were present in 18.5 per cent of the cases. It is possible that both the valvular and peripheral intravascular thromboses in at least some cases of NBTE represent the abnormal coagulation of DIC. Arterial thrombosis with infarction occurred in many peripheral organs. Splenic and renal were most frequent, but cerebral and cardiac consequences were the most significant.
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PMID:Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis: clinicopathologic correlations. 99 78

This article gives a survey of the physiology of blood coagulation in newborn infants, subdivided into the particularities of the plasmic coagulation system and the fibronolysis. Etiology, diagnosis and therapy of the consumption coagulopathy as well as the coagulopathy of production are dealed with.
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PMID:[Blood coagulation in newborns (author's transl)]. 102 May 3

A case report is presented of a 20 year old patient with an acute promyelocytic leukemia. The presenting symptom was a macrohematuria caused by a consumption coagulopathy. Consumption coagulopathy has only been observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia in contrast to other coagulopathies in acute leukemia. The clotting disorder was successfully treated by administration of urokinase.
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PMID:[Therapy of consumption coagulopathy and hyperfibrinolysis with urokinase in a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia]. 105 5

Each of two patients harboring a stable abdominal aortic aneurysm manifested severe recurrent bleeding consequent to chronic consumption coagulopathy (CCC). Both underwent successful aneurysmectomy, but in only one patient did bleeding cease and depressed clotting factors return to normal activity. In the other patient, subsequent observations suggested that his coagulopathy actually resulted from occult pancreatic carcinoma. We propose here criteria for establishing stable aneurysm as the cause of CCC and demonstrate the efficacy of heparin in reversing the coagulation defect prior to surgical intervention. These cases also illustrate that the discovery of CCC accompanying stable aneurysm may signal the presence of another underlying disorder.
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PMID:Chronic consumption coagulopathy accompanying abdominal aortic aneurysm. 108 26

Acute renal failure of obstetric origin is common among North Indian patients and comprised 72 (22.1%) of 325 patients undergoing dialysis over an 11-year period. Of these, 46 gravidas had developed renal failure following abortion, and 29 cases were due to complications of late pregnancy. The most striking feature of this study was a high incidence of irreversible renal lesions of bilateral diffuse cortical necrosis in early (18.6%) as well as late pregnancy (37.8%). Overall incidence of diffuse cortical necrosis was 25%. In the remainder, acute tubular necrosis was seen in 52 (72.2%), patchy cortical necrosis in 1 (1.4%), and tubular necrosis along with glomerular involvement in 1 patient (1.4%). Pathogenetic factors which contributed to the development of renal failure, either singly or in combination, were loss of blood failure, either singly or in combination, were loss of blood (79.1%), septicemia (31.9%), hypotension due th hemorrhagic and septicemic shock (51.4%), eclamptic toxemia (11.1%), and disseminated intravascular coagulation in 12.5% patients. Infrequent occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation in the septic anc eclamptic patients who developed diffuse cortical necrosis was an interesting finding, as was the fact that coagulopathy was more frequently observed in acute tubular necrosis. Late referral, frequent sepsis, and high incidence of bilateral diffuse cortical necrosis contributed significantly to a high mortality (55.3%).
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PMID:Acute renal failure of obstetric origin. 108 92

Under the proper experimental conditions, disseminated intravascular coagulation,"an intermediary mechanism of disease," results in the classic endotoxin-induced generalized Shwartzman reaction. Other substances, such as liquoid, a highly negatively charged anticoagulant, trigger a generalized Shwartzman reaction-like phenomenon in rabbits. We studied the effects of a single high intravenous dose of liquoid (12.5 mg.) upon the rat's coagulation and complement systems and their correlation with the kidney morphology by light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy. Thrombin time was prolonged; fibrinogen, plasminogen, and factors VIII and XII concentrations were markedly decreased, whereas fibrin degradation products were increased in the experimental animals when compared with the saline-injected controls (p greater than 0.001). Total hemolytic complement, hemolytic activity of terminal components (C3 to C9), and C3 protein concentration were significantly reduced (p greater than 0.001). The liquoid-injected rats developed cortical necrosis and manifested oliguria and anuria, with elevated blood urea nitrogen levels, when survival was longer than 3 hours. Histologically, thrombi of fibrin-like material filled the glomerular capillaries. Deposits of fibrin, and also of immunoglobulin G and C3, were readily identifiable by specific immunofluorescence, Linear or granular fluorescent deposits (or both) along the glomerular basement membranes and in the mesangium were observed. Electron microscopy demonstrated necrosis of glomeruli and abundant thrombi of fluffy, compact granular, or fibrillar electron-dense material. No typical fibrin periodicity was detected. These experiments support the concept of activation of the coagulation and the complement systems. We postulate that liquoid produced not only a consumptive coagulopathy in the rat but also a direct or perhaps anindirect activation of complement. Whether this latter has occurred through the classic or an alternate pathway remains to be elucidated.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation induced by liquoid in the rat. I. Correlation of hematologic and complement abnormalities with renal lesions studied by light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy. 112 10

Simultaneous platelet and fibrinogen survival with 75Se selenomethionine was determined in eight patients with acute infectious hepatitis of intermediate severity. Fibrinogen survival alone was estimated in another nine patients, seven of whom were receiving heparin treatment. Platelet survival was found to be normal (7-9 days) in seven of the 8 patients; it was reduced 4,6 days) only in one patient, who was also affected by measles. Fibrinogen survival was markedly reduced (1-3.7 days) and fibrinogen turnover sharply increased (0.59-2.80 mg/ml/day) in all but one patient, who had thalassaemia major, with normal fibrinogen survival and fibrinogen turnover. Heparin treatment did not affect either platelet survival or fibrinogen turnover. In all patients the coagulation defect was mild and no sign of disseminated intravascular coagulation or of increased fibrinolytic activity could be demonstrated by routine tests. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that in acute infectious hepatitis the decreased survival and increased turnover of fibrinogen might be due to a pathological pathway of defibrination in dependent of thrombin of plasmin.
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PMID:Platelet and fibrinogen survival with 75Se selenomethionine in acute infectious hepatitis. 115 8


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