Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation was induced in kittens by intraperitoneal inoculation of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Kittens seronegative to FIPV survived significantly (P less than 0.05) longer than those seropositive to FIPV. Pyrexia, anemia, icterus, hyperbilirubinemia, and elevated concentrations of liver-specific enzymes were detected in the inoculated cats. Lesions induced included disseminated fibrinonecrotic and pyogranulomatous inflammation, hepatic necrosis, and widespread phlebitis and thrombosis. Localization of FIP viral antigen and immunoglobulin G was demonstrated in foci of heptic necrosis by immunofluorescence miroscopy. Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperfibrinogenemia, and increased quantities of fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products were present in cats after the onset of clinical illness. Depression of factor VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII plasma activities and prolongation of prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times also developed in infected cats. The accelerated onset of clinical disease and mortality in seropositive kittens vs seronegative kittens and the association of virus and antibody in multiple foci of hepatic necrosis suggest an immune-mediated component is involved in the pathogenesis of this disease.
 ...
PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation in experimentally induced feline infectious peritonitis. 625 Apr 26

Infants with platelet counts below 100,000/mm3 should be evaluated for the cause of the thrombocytopenia. A maternal history to determine previous illnesses and particularly thrombocytopenia, drugs taken, and perinatal complications is important, and a maternal platelet count must be obtained. Physical examination of the infant is revealing in the TAR and giant cavernous hemangioma syndromes and may suggest intrauterine infection. A complete blood cell count (CBC) should be done to look for associated anemia and neutropenia or for polycythemia. Red cell morphology may be helpful. A bone marrow examination may be necessary if the etiology is unclear after the initial studies are done. Investigation of the well child will usually find an etiology for the thrombocytopenia. It is important to consider and test for isoimmune thrombocytopenia and intrauterine infection. In the ill infant multiple factors may contribute to a low platelet count, and a single, precise etiology often cannot be established. Thrombocytopenia with or without DIC may be an important indicator of sepsis. Platelet transfusions are helpful if the thrombocytopenia is due to decreased production or intrinsic platelet defects. In disorders with increased platelet destruction, donor platelets may survive long enough to be of some benefit. In ill infants treatment of the underlying problem often results in resolution of the thrombocytopenia. Transfusions should be used for the bleeding child and for the infant with severe thrombocytopenia who is the product of a vaginal delivery. In addition to being therapeutic, platelet transfusions may also assist in diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Thrombocytopenia in the newborn. 635 31

Calves inoculated with Sarcocystis cruzi sporocysts developed severe anemia 4 weeks later. The anemic crisis was paralleled by a hyperbilirubinemia, with up to 88% of the increased total bilirubin attributed to indirect reacting bilirubin. The anemia was characterized as normocytic and normochromic. In a few instances, according to Coombs's tests (antiglobulin test) and erythrocyte eluates from infected calves, immunoglobulin G was associated with the RBC membrane. In the histopathologic examinations of tissues from calves dying during the anemic crisis, there was deposition of iron in the splenic red pulp. The hematologic studies supported the claim that the anemia in acute bovine sarcocystosis is an extravascular hemolytic event, probably with an immunologic basis. In the coagulation studies, consumption coagulopathy consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation was seen to occur during acute sarcocystosis. At 4 weeks after inoculations were done, there were prolongations of activated partial thromboplastin and 1-stage prothrombin times and decreased functional fibrinogen concentration, and thrombocytopenia, although increase of fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products were not demonstrable. These findings indicate that endothelial parasitism by schizonts of S cruzi may cause endothelial damage, resulting in coagulation abnormalities that include disseminated intravascular coagulation.
 ...
PMID:Hematologic and coagulation abnormalities in acute bovine sarcocystosis. 642 7

Hematologic alterations unrelated to neoplastic bone marrow involvement include polycythemia, anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytosis, thrombocytopenia and coagulopathies. Serum globulin levels may be increased or decreased, depending on the type of neoplasm. Plasma fibrinogen and fibrin degradation product concentrations are usually elevated in cancer patients, whereas cancer patients with DIC have low plasma fibrinogen concentrations. Hypercalcemia can be a sequel of osseous metastases. Neoplasia may cause the nephrotic syndrome in some patients. Effusions should be examined microscopically for signs of malignancy. Elevated serum enzyme levels are not specific in neoplastic disease.
 ...
PMID:Laboratory aspects of cancer. 650 15

In a study of 30 patients with either Plasmodium or falciparum infection, 29 (97%) showed the presence of atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood film, 24 (80%) had thrombocytopenia and 17 (57%) had a mild to moderate anaemia. Bleeding was encountered in 2 patients without confirmatory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
 ...
PMID:Haematological alterations in acute malaria. 675 22

This patient had many of the clinical features described in the literature as characteristic of DIC, an uncommon disease. These included the acute systemic infection precipitating the tissue pathology, ecchymotic skin lesions progressing to amputation, shock, anemia, and renal failure. The literature reported two case studies that resulted in amputation. During prosthetic training, both the patients developed skin problems that required prosthetic modification before they could wear their prostheses. The patient in our case study also required careful prosthetic modification with continual monitoring of the status of the skin. After three skin grafts and two surgical procedures to remove heteroptic ossification, the patient became a limited community ambulator (Fig. 4). When he attains full growth and the heteroptic bone formation subsides, we believe he should become a community ambulator, as long as he receives proper prosthetic care and follow-up.
 ...
PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation resulting in amputation. A case report. 687 39

This review deals with the various indications, the choice of blood products and the main aspects of their administration for transfusing neonates. Some special problems peculiar to neonatal age, that both neonatologists and blood transfusion services have to take into account, are emphasized. Exchange transfusion in the procedure most frequently used in blood transfusion therapy of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia of various aetiology, severe anaemia and hyperviscosity due to polycythaemia. The procedure also represents a rational therapeutic approach in the bleeding thrombocytopenic newborn. More recently exchange transfusion has been utilized in the management of DIC, RDS and sepsis. Besides its advantages, metabolic, haemorrhagic and cardiac hazards of this "massive transfusion" are considered. Just as at any other age, the red cell preparation is the blood component most frequently utilized in the transfusion therapy of the neonate, considering not only the treatment of anaemia without hypovolaemic shock, but also the cases of iatrogenic blood loss, a common problem in the high risk neonatal intensive care unit. As transfusion of small increments of blood may often be required for the sick neonate and premature infant, different methods to cope with such conditions are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Blood transfusion therapy in the newborn. 702 55

The Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is the association of cavernous hemangiomas and consumption coagulopathy marked by anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hypofibronigenemia. Exacerbation of the consumption coagulopathy has been described in the 2 previous reports of this syndrome when associated with pregnancy. The authors report a third patient whose delivery and postopartum course were marked by increased coagulation abnormalities and subsequent hemorrhage. This patient's 32-day hospital course and need for multiple blood transfusions, clotting factors, platelets, heparin, and finally epsilon-aminocaproic acid underscore the need for patients with this syndrome to deliver in a referral center hospital where replacement therapy and hematologic consultation are readily available.
 ...
PMID:Pregnancy complicated by the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. 719 Feb 57

The Shwartzman reaction was first described more than 50 years ago and two types, the generalized and the localized, were established in the early 1930s. Studies were mostly related to experimental pathology or immunology, and its significance in clinical medicine was initially obscure though thought to be obstetrically relevant. It is thought that the generalized type has a relation to human disease and that disseminated intravascular coagulation in man is really the counterpart of the generalized Shwartzman reaction in animals. The localized type on the other hand does not have obvious practical clinical pathological significance and tumor necrosis may be the only real example which is commonly seen. Further studies on the Shwartzman reaction relevant to human pathology have, however, suggested that it could be applied to several diseases, the pathogenesis of which was still obscure. The significance seems, however, different from either the generalized or localized type of reaction and so a proposal of the incidence of a third type--'univisceral' or 'single organ' Shwartzman reaction is made. Acute liver necrosis, Waterhouse-Friderichsen's syndrome, haemolytic uraemic anemia, idiopathic pulmonary haemorrhage, acute pancreatitis, acute pituitary necrosis and pseudomembranous colitis all seem to have features suggesting that they could be clinical manifestations of this type of Shwartzman reaction with focal intravascular coagulation.
 ...
PMID:The Shwartzman reaction: a review including clinical manifestations and proposal for a univisceral or single organ third type. 719 6

Theileria lawrencei tick-derived stabilate infection of 8 cattle resulted in the development of panleukopenia and hypoproteinemia. In addition to these changes, T. parva infection caused mild normocytic, normochromic, non-responsive anemia at either of two dose rates. Disseminated intravascular coagulation, as indicate by positive protamine paracoagulation tests, prolonged prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times, and thrombocytopenia, developed in cattle infected with either of the Theileria spp., and was probably an important intermediary mechanism leading to death. Infection of calves with a high dose of T. parva stabilate resulted in more rapid onset of clinico-pathologic changes than did the low dose infection. Theileria lawrencei infection produced a severe, acute syndrome, the clinico-pathologic alterations of which varied in time of onset and severity between those of the T. parva high dose and low dose groups.
 ...
PMID:A comparative study of the disease in cattle caused by Theileria parva or T. lawrencei: II. Hematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation studies and complement. 720 9


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>