Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0012739 (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
 8,673 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We developed a new rapid assay for the factor XIa-alpha 1 antitrypsin complex (FXIa-alpha 1AT) in plasma using an anti FXI monoclonal antibody (KMXI-1). In 20-fold diluted plasma samples, this assay was not affected by co-existing FXI or non specific color development of the plasma. Normal level of FXIa-alpha 1AT (11 +/- 4.1 ng/ml plasma) increased with the aging of healthy adults. The FXIa-alpha 1AT levels of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rose along with the progression of the disease, and the appearance of high levels and the peak of FXIa-alpha 1AT developed faster than FDP-E or alpha 2plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (alpha 2PI-PmC) in most patients. These results indicate that, in addition of FDP and alpha 2PI-PmC, FXIa-alpha 1AT is a useful molecular marker for DIC.
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PMID:[Factor XIa-alpha 1 antitrypsin complex]. 192 Aug 63

A 77-year-old woman with a 9 years history of Parkinson's disease was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, disturbance of consciousness, increased muscular rigidity and abnormal involuntary movements. She was continuously treated with levodopa + carbidopa (Menesit) 300 mg and amantadine 150 mg every day until admission. On admission, the pulse rate was 102 per minute, blood pressure 90/40 mmHg, body temperature 40.9 degrees C, and bloody stool was noticed. On laboratory examination, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 6 mm/h, thrombocytes 8.1 X 10(4)/microliters, fibrinogen 91 mg/dl, FDP 40 mg/ml, suggesting DIC. According to her biochemical examination, serum GOT (167 u), GPT (119 u), CPK (847 IU/l), BUN (53.9 mg/dl) and myoglobin (10,370 ng/ml) were increased. These laboratory data indicated that she was suffering from neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). On diagnosis of NMS associated with DIC, she was treated with dantrolene and FUT-175. Dantrolene was effective on the elevated COK level and FUT-175 was effective on the DIC, and symptoms of NMS and DIC were completely improved after a period of 14 days. Patients with Parkinson's disease have been suspected to have a low incidence of DIC, and this may be the first case report on successful treatment of levodopa-induced NMS with DIC in the patient with Parkinson's disease.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of levodopa-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a patient with Parkinson's disease]. 204 8

A 63-year-old woman was diagnosed as having blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Hematological data showed typical DIC: PT 13.2 sec, activated PTT 55.3 sec, fibrinogen 20 mg/100 ml, FDP-E 928 ng/ml, D-dimer 3,477 ng/ml, platelet count 25 x 10(3)/microliters. Although hypofibrinogenemia was successfully controlled by the continuous infusion of heparin, 10,000 units/day, thrombocytopenia has continued. Based on shortened platelet life span, high level of platelet associated IgG, and increased number of megakaryocyte in the bone marrow, the thrombocytopenia was thought to be due to antiplatelet antibody. Her platelet count returned to normal after intravenous infusion of high-dose gamma globulin (IVIg, Sandoz) at the dose of 400 mg/kg for 2-5 days, while corticosteroid, Gabexate mesilate, synthetic thrombin inhibitor MD-805, urinastatin and warfarin had no effect. Thus, DIC or thrombocytopenia may become a serious complication in some patients with BRBNS and IVIg may be useful for correcting thrombocytopenia in the patient.
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PMID:Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombocytopenia: successful treatment with high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin. 204 21

Determination of FDP D-dimer (D-dimer) has been recently developed for the diagnosis of thrombotic diseases with secondary fibrinolysis. We have studied the correlation between D-dimer and FDP-E concentrations in plasma from 282 patients with 630 samples. A linear correlation (r = 0.9269) was observed between the values of FDP-E and D-dimer. However, 13 out of 282 cases revealed an apparent dissociation of D-dimer concentrations from FDP-E values. Among them, 4 of these 13 cases (Group A) have shown to possess higher level of D-dimer when compared with the expected values from FDP-E, while 9 of 13 cases (Group B) revealed lower levels of D-dimer than that expected from FDP-E. All of Group A patients have been diagnosed as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). On the other hand, in Group B patients, 6 of 9 were shown to have a widespread metastasis of cancer and 2 of them were under treatment with urokinase. To study whether Group B patients were under hypercoagulable or hyper-fibrinolytic state, we have examined ratios of AT III/alpha 2 PI and PIC/TAT in these cases. It has been shown that 4 of 9 patients in Group B have higher ratios of both AT III/alpha 2 PI and PIC/TAT if compared with other patients than Group B. This suggests that patients in Group B have been under hyper-fibrinolytic states.
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PMID:[Study on cases of D dimer values were dissociated from FDP-E]. 205 6

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is not a rare phenomenon in the neurosurgical field. We investigated the therapeutic effect of [Ethyl p - (6-guanidinohexanoyloxy) benzoate] methanesulfonate (FOY) for DIC or Pre-DIC states associated with neurosurgical disorders. During the previous three and half years, a total of 52 cases have been admitted to Shinshu University Hospital and its affiliated hospitals with DIC or Pre-DIC states due to brain disorders (group A) associated with head injuries (19 cases), subarachnoid hemorrhages caused by ruptured aneurysm (12 cases), intracranial hemorrhages and infarctions (5 cases), arteriovenous malformations (2 cases) and spinal cord injury (1 case), and with those states due to brain and another disorders (group B) associated with infections (7 cases), shocks (2 cases) and intoxications by drugs (2 cases). FOY was administered continuously for all patients. Clinical manifestations and laboratory data were analyzed statistically. Platelet count improved from during the 7th to the 10th day after starting FOY. It improved significantly in cases with a high DIC score and the improvement was not influenced by platelet transfusion. FDP, fibrinogen, prothrombin time and antithrombin-III also improved. DIC score remarkably improved in cases with an initial high DIC score. Hemorrhagic symptoms were recognized in 19 cases before administration of FOY and 14 of them (74%) improved after the treatment. Dysfunction of organs was recognized in 28 cases, of which 5 cases (18%) improved. Twenty-nine of 52 cases (56%) were still alive. Only two patients died due to DIC. There were no side effects associated with administration of FOY.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Evaluation of FOY therapy for DIC or pre-DIC associated with neurosurgical disease]. 211 1

Changes of blood coagulation in 32 cases of SLE were investigated. Abnormalities frequently found were elevation of blood fibrinogen, FDP, V111R: Ag levels, prolonged or shortened KPTT time, and depressed AT-III value. Half of the patients with SLE showed laboratory changes compatible with the diagnostic criteria of DIC, but acute DIC was encountered clinically only in 2 cases hypercoagulation state or hypercoagulation with lower fibrinolysis, however were frequently seen. Lupus anticoagulant were detected in 6 patients and deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity in 1 patient. Examination of blood coagulation in patients with SLE was, therefore, of clinical importance.
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PMID:[Blood coagulation changes in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 212 40

Fibrin(ogen) degradation product (FDP) and D-dimer levels were evaluated in 168 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients without evidence of bleeding. Eighty-two (48%) had FDP higher than 10 micrograms/ml; only 43 of them had a concomitant increase of D-dimer. These alterations were more frequent in older and decompensated patients and correlated to the Child-Turcotte score. In the patients with elevated FDP and/or D-dimer levels the mean values of platelets, prothrombin activity and fibrinogen were not significantly different from those of the other patients and remained fairly stable over the period of the study. Finally, an increase of FDP is frequent in LC and this may suggest a diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), but a concomitant increase of D-dimer is rarely detectable, thus excluding this diagnosis. Moreover, even in the cases with increased levels of D-dimer the presence of clinical or laboratory evidence of a consumption coagulopathy, expression of a manifest DIC, seems to be unusual.
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PMID:Incidence and clinical significance of elevated fibrin(ogen) degradation product and/or D-dimer levels in liver cirrhosis patients. 213 34

The alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (alpha 2-PI-PM), alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) and some functions of coagulation and hemostasis were assayed on aged patients who were operated for femoral neck fracture. After the surgery, APTT, PT, fibrinogen, AT-III and platelet counts were in normal range or slightly deviated, which did not match with the DIC diagnostic standard. FDP levels in the operation group (337 +/- 303 ng/ml) were significantly increased compared to the level of the normal aged persons (64 +/- 9.9 ng/ml). The alpha 2-PI-PM in the operation group was 2.92 +/- 3.56 micrograms/ml, which was significantly higher than the alpha 2-PI-PM level (0.76 +/- 0.45 micrograms/ml) in the normal aged persons. Moreover, 3 in 7 operation cases, showed the increase of alpha 2-PI-PM levels over 5 micrograms/ml. The alpha 2-PI-PM in DIC group was 5.29 +/- 5.17 micrograms/ml. These data suggest that the patients are in the pre DIC state after surgery. In titers of FDP and alpha 2-PI, there were no differences between patients treated with and without heparin. alpha 2-PI-PM levels were improved in 5 out of 7 cases with the heparin treatment. On the other hand only one in 6 cases who did not receive heparin therapy showed the improvement of alpha 2-PI-PM level. In some cases without heparin treatment, the alpha 2-PI-PM level increased in the course of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor plasmin complex in patients undergone surgery in femoral neck fracture]. 213 77

Thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and Plasmin-alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were examined in fifty two cases of various chronic liver diseases. TAT was significantly elevated in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but PIC did not show significant changes in any chronic liver diseases. Elevations of TAT and PIC were seen in cases of HCC accompanied by tumor enlargement and extensive tumor thrombosis. In cases of HCC undergoing transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), TAT and PIC increased on the next day after TAE, and tended to recover with time, returning to almost normal at fourth week. Prolongation of prothrombin time, elevation of FDP and positive FM test were noted more often in liver cirrhosis with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) than in severe liver dysfunction without DIC. Of five cases confirmed as DIC, only three cases were diagnosed as DIC by DIC score. On the other hand, TAT and PIC were significantly elevated in DIC cases. Especially, TAT exceeded 30 ng/ml in all DIC cases. TAT was regarded to be useful for the diagnosis of DIC in severe liver dysfunction.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of thrombin-antithrombin III complex and plasmin-alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex in chronic liver diseases]. 214 51

Broad spectrum assays which measure a range of fibrinogen/fibrin derivatives (FDPs) in serum have become an established means of identifying activation of blood coagulation and/or fibrinolysis, such as occurs in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). There is considerable interest in the application of these assays to the diagnosis of other hypercoagulable states, such as recurrent deep venous thrombosis and myocardial infarction. In recent years, more sensitive and specific FDP assays (e.g. for fragment E, fragment E neoantigen, D-dimer, fragment D neoantigen, fibrinopeptide A and fibrin fragment beta 15-42) have been devised, some of which allow measurement in plasma of FDPs without interference from fibrinogen or certain of its derivatives. It was predicted that these assays would both avoid the possibility of artifacts introduced as a consequence of serum preparation and improve detection of hypercoagulable states. In the light of these expectations we have reviewed data published on the use of assays to detect clinical hypercoagulability, giving prominence to assays of crosslinked fibrin derivatives and nothing particularly certain studies that have compared the performance of different assays on the same samples. The accumulating evidence indicates that all of the assays are adequate for detection of DIC. The same cannot be said for other hypercoagulable states. Here much variation is evident between different studies of similar patients in the ability of a particular marker to discriminate between a normal control group and patients determined to be hypercoagulable by an independent method. This variability would seem to be a function of patient group heterogeneity and selection, as assays that detect different antigenic determinants produce results on the same plasma samples that are well correlated. It appears that the precise antigenic determinant does not critically affect detection of hypercoagulability. Additionally, some studies have indicated that use of serum need not introduce artifacts. Despite there being no other obvious advantage, the convenience of some of the plasma assays may well encourage their widespread use. Assays have also been developed for measuring activation fragments of coagulation proteins (e.g. prothrombin fragment F1 + 2 and protein C activation peptide) and for proteinase inhibitor complexes (e.g. thrombin-antithrombin complex) generated during activation of coagulation. The latter assays have been useful in providing a biochemical definition of a 'prethrombotic state'.
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PMID:Assessment of hypercoagulable states by measurement of activation fragments and peptides. 218 46


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