Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011991 (diarrhea)
 57,543 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double blind controlled trial of N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (N-5') was carried out for treating children with bronchial asthma to determine its efficacy and safety. The results showed that the drug was significantly more effective in the N10 and N5 groups than in the N0 group. Adverse reactions appeared only in one patient in the N10 group who complained of slight anorexia while another patient in the N0 group reported moderate diarrhoea. Moreover there was no indication of abnormality in further laboratory investigations. It can be therefore concluded that this drug is useful for the treatment of children with bronchial asthma.
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PMID:A double blind controlled trial of N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid on children with bronchial asthma. N-5' Study Group in Children. 39 Oct 94

The efficacy of orally administered mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of guanosine monophosphate (GMP) synthesis, for the treatment of psoriasis, was studied in a double-blind fashion. Of twenty-one patients completing the study period, ten of eleven patients treated with MPA had a greater than 25% decrease in severity score compared with only two of ten patients treated with placebo. The placebo group had a slight increase in severity score compared to almost 50% reduction in the average severity score of the MPA-treated group. After termination of the double-blind portion of the study, the placebo group was treated with MPA and showed a 60% decrease in severity score. Adverse effects encountered included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. One patient had an uncomplicated episode of herpes zoster. Other than a mild decrease hemoglobin, no hematologic toxicity was noted.
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PMID:Efficacy of mycophenolic acid for the treatment of psoriasis. 39 32

Acute and chronic starvation is often associated with childhood cancer. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with 20% glucose and 3.0% amino acids, and minerals and vitamins was instituted to treat or prevent malnutrition in 41 children with cancer, ages three months to 18 years. TPN was required for anorexia, vomiting and diarrhea associated with anti-cancer therapy in 33 patients for intestinal complications or surgery in nine, and for preoperative correction of malnutrition in two. During TPN, general nutrition and appearance improved in all patients. Weight gain was noted in most. Despite gastrointestinal complications which usually require the interruption of chemotherapy and irradiation, in 21 children treatment could be continued at full dose with nutritional support by TPN. TPN was discontinued in six patients when blood cultures became positive. Sepsis was treated successfully by removal of the central venous catheter in all six and administration of antibiotics in three. No metabolic complications were noted. TPN appears to be a safe and effective means of combating the malnutrition which may occur with cancer and its therapy.
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PMID:Parenteral nutritional support in children with cancer. 40 34

Adult cotton top marmosets made niacin deficient by long-term dietary deprivation, developed a syndrome characterized by anorexia, weight loss, weakness, diarrhea, dermatitis, enterocolitis and stomatitis. The stomatitis was highlighted by a necrotizing gingivitis and periodontitis and by an ulcerative and atrophic glossitis.
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PMID:Studies on the biology of the periodontium of marmosets. XIII. Histopathology of niacin deficiency stomatitis in the marmoset. 40 31

Seven Florida sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis pratensis) and 6 greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida) were exposed to lead-base paint containing 27% lead. One bird of each subspecies died enroute to the hospital, with a clinical history of anorexia, weakness, and open-mouth breathing of 36 hours' duration. There were no gross lesions, and microscopic lesions were limited to focal hepatic necrosis and hemosiderosis. Two of each subspecies of cranes developed clinical signs of lead poisoning, which included anorexia, weakness, green diarrhea, regurgitation, and open-mouth breathing. Diagnosis of lead poisoning was confirmed on the basis of blood lead concentrations ranging from 146 microgram/100 ml to 378 microgram/100 ml. These 4 cranes were treated successfully with calcium disodium edetate intramuscularly. Seven of the birds remained clinically normal despite high blood lead levels, especially in the greater sandhill cranes.
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PMID:Lead poisoning in sandhill cranes. 41 73

A variety of surgical procedures are available in the treatment of the carcinoid syndrome, the aim being the destruction of liver secondaries and amelioration of symptoms. Dearterialization of the liver may be considered when liver secondaries are extensive and medical treatment inadequate in controlling symptoms. The patient reported here had severe symptoms of epigastric pain, anorexia, flushing, diarrhoea and recurrent syncope and was generally deteriorating rapidly. Complete dearterialization of the liver, however, resulted in a dramatic improvement. Now, 2 years later, the patient's hepatic scan, liver function tests and 24-h urine 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) are all within normal limits. Destruction of liver secondaries by dearterialization is a relatively simple procedure. Careful attention should be paid to large quantities of pharmacologically active compounds released from the liver during the procedure. Ascites, jaundice and liver cell failure are definite contraindications to surgery.
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PMID:Complete liver dearterialization and the carcinoid syndrome. 45 92

The case of a 21-yr-old man, who died in cachexia after 2 yr of intermittent abdominal pain, bouts of diarrhea, and anorexia, is reported. Laboratory tests performed shortly before death disclosed signs of malabsorption. Radiologic examination of the gastrointestinal tract showed a coarse mucosal relief in the upper jejunum and a tubular aspect in the rest of the small bowel. There was no dilatation of the loops. Autopsy revealed severe to complete atrophy with fibrosis of the outer muscle layer of the entire small bowel, extending from the pylorus to the ileocecal valve. The only other lesion discovered was a moderate portoportal fibrosis of the liver. The patient's brother had died a few months earlier after 2.5 yr of similar symptoms. An upper gastrointestinal series had shown dilatation of the stomach with fluid retention and a tubular aspect of the small bowel with generalized widening of the loops. No autopsy was performed. There was a high degree of consanguinity on the mother's side. Family history revealed no other evidence of possible genetic factors in the disease.
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PMID:A case of familial visceral myopathy with atrophy and fibrosis of the longitudinal muscle layer of the entire small bowel. 46 30

The tetracycline class of antibiotics is infrequently used in clinical pediatrics due to its side effects: they include anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Hypersensitivity, a photosensibility reaction and a brownish discoloration of teeth is less frequently, a pseudotumor cerebri is rarely seen. Once therapeutic plasma levels are exceeded however, either by overdosage or decreased renal or hepatic clearance of the drug, serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom or a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can occur. The increased toxicity of tetracyclines in pregnant women is well known. We would like to report a fatal case, where serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom, toxic degeneration of the liver, a clinically undected pancreatitis and a protein loosing enteropathy are though to be either direct consequences of tetracycline overdosage or the indirect effect of a shocklike syndrom by means of a nonoliguric renal failure induced by tetracycline.
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PMID:[Tetracyclin intoxication versus idiopathic pancreatitis: report of a case with multiple organ involvement (author's transl)]. 47 25

A case report of lead poisoning in Canada geese at Cheyenne Bottom Wildlife Management Area in Kansas is presented. Seventy-nine dead geese and 10 geese too weak too fly were found by management personnel. Clinical signs in the live geese were weakness, lethargy, anorexia, emaciation and bile stained diarrhea. Seventeen geese were necropsied. Lesions were impacted roots and fibrous stalks in the esophagus and proventriculus and numerous lead shot in the gizzard. One to 44 lead shot (mean 13) were found in the 17 gizzards examined. The concentration of lead in liver and kidney was 9.21 to 102.56 ug/g (wet weight). The presence of lead shot in the gizzard, characteristic clinical signs, and the concentration of lead in the liver and kidney confirmed the diagnosis of lead poisoning.
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PMID:Lead poisoning in Canada geese: a case report. 49 80

The Southwest Oncology Group has evaluated the activity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) at a dose of 75 mg/m2 given as an iv bolus injection every 3 weeks to 25 fully and partially evaluable patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. One complete response, two partial responses, and one improvement less than a partial response were noted. Myelosuppression, in the form of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, was identified and seemed to be more prevalent and more severe than in previous studies. We have attributed this to the extensive prior treatments which these patients had received and to the presence of tumor-bearing marrow which was observed in some of them. The anticipated toxic effects which were noted included nausea and vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, renal injury, and hyperuricemia. The precise role of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in the management of human lymphomas awaits elucidation.
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PMID:Phase II evaluation of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in lymphomas: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. 49 59


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