Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011991 (diarrhea)
 57,543 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixteen patients with an unusual and distinct symptom complex were encountered during a four-year period. Principal features of this syndrome are (1) fever lasting more than seven days; (2) conjunctival injection; (3) changes in the mouth consisting of erythema of the oropharynx, "strawberry tongue", and erythema of the lips; (4) indurative edema of hands and feet with palm and sole erythema followed by desquamation of the fingertips; and (5) an erythematous rash. Associated features were lymphadenopathy, pyuria, aseptic meningitis, diarrhea, arthritis, and arthralgia. Although usually a self-limited illness, one patient died with massive coronary artery thrombosis on the 19th day of illness. This syndrome appears to be clinically and pathologically similar to mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, an illness prevalent in Japan but previously unrecognized by American clinicians. Pathologic features suggest a relationship to infantile periarteritis nodosa.
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PMID:Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome in the United States. 0 34

A new viral disease (Maridi haemorrhagic fever) occurred in the South Sudan in 1976. It was obviously identical with an epidemic which occurred at the same time in Zaire. The virus is morpologically closely similar to the Marburg virus. During the Maridi epemic 124 of 238 patients died (52%). Characteristic symptoms were fever and headache (100%), diarrhoea (83%), retrosternal pain (82%), vomiting (68%), haemorrhages (62%), morbilliform or vesicular rash (52%). At post-mortem there were changes in liver, kidney, myocardium and lungs, similar to those in the Marburg virus disease, as were those observed in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Despite these analagous findings, the clinical course and results of immunofluorescence indicate that it is a new disease. The epidemic ended after suitable isolation measures had been taken. There was no specific treatment but in some cases convalescent plasma and interferon were tried. The disease is transmitted among humans by direct contact or by contact with blood or excreta of patients. No animal reservoir has been found. It is possible for this disease to be imported also into countries with a modorate climate.
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PMID:[Maridi haemorrhgic fever: a new viral disease (author's transl)]. 2 83

Graft-versus-Host disease following the transfusion of leukocytes from normal donor occured during remission-reinduction therapy in a 5 years old girl with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The clinical picture consisting of rash, diarrhea and somnolence was congruent with the diagnosis. Graft-versus-Host disease was confirmed by histology of skin biopsy and exclusion of other causes. The child survived the disease. We recommend the irradiation of leukocyte concentrates before transfusion.
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PMID:[Graft-versus-host reaction following granulocyte transfusion from a normal donor (author's transl)]. 2 79

101 patients with acute leukemia in relapse were treated with 5-azacytidine according to three schedules: Regimen A--300 mg/m2(day divided intravenously at 8 hour intervals for 5 days; Regimen B--750 mg/m2 as a single iv pulse dose administered at 2 to 3 weeks intervals; and Regimen C--300 mg/m2/day by continuous infusion daily for 5 days. Twelve patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and six achieved a partial remission (PR) for an overall 18% response rate. Of 78 patients receiving an adequate trial the response rate was 23%. An average of 1.5 courses and a median of 5 weeks were necessary to achieve a response. The median duration of CR patients was 21 weeks and for PR patients it was 5 weeks. Response rates were 24% for Regimen A, 0 for Regimen B, and 1 of 8 for Regimen C. The CR rate for AML and AMML was 13%. Two of eight AMoL patients achieved a CR. Only 2 of 23 ALL patients responded, one of whom achieved a CR. Toxicity included moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, skin rash, and prolonged myelosuppression. 5-azacytidine has significant activity in the acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias.
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PMID:5-azacytidine in acute leukemia. 8 72

Seven children (aged 8--17 years) presented with a high fever, headache, confusion, conjunctival hyperaemia, a scarlatiniform rash, subcutaneous oedema, vomiting, watery diarrhoea, oliguria, and a propensity to acute renal failure, hepatic abnormalities, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and severe prolonged shock. One patient died, one had gangrene of the toes, and all have had fine desquamation of affected skin and peeling of palms and soles during convalescence. Five patients were studied prospectively. Staphylococcus aureus related to phage-group I was isolated from mucosal (nasopharyngeal, vaginal, tracheal), or sequestered (empyema, abscess) sites, but not from blood. This organism produces an exotoxin which causes a positive Nikolsky sign in the newborn mouse and which is biochemically, pathologically, and immunologically distinct from phage-group-II stapphylococcal exfoliatin.
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PMID:Toxic-shock syndrome associated with phage-group-I Staphylococci. 8 81

83 in-patients, age 3 months to 12 years, with tonsillitis, otitis, bronchitis and pneumonia were treated with a new galenic preparation of phenoxymethylpenicillin V potassium (Star-Pen Trockensirus SANABO). The drug was very well tolerated, no skin-rash was observed, no problems occurred with the oral administration. Diarrhea, not infrequent in oral penicillin therapy, was -- with one exception -- not noticed in patients above one year of age.
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PMID:[Therapy of bacterial infections in infancy and childhood (author's transl)]. 11 4

Intravenous treatment with miconazole brought about the recovery of 90% of patients with gastrointestinal or systemic candidosis. Miconazole given by the same route has also been found effective in the treatment of cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. Cryptococcal and coccidioidal meningitis have been cured by combined intravenous and intrathecal instillation, although treatment of aspergillosis has presented difficulty. Oral treatment was effective in curing dermatophyte skin infections and systemic mycoses caused by sensitive organisms such as paracoccidioides, blastomyces and histoplasma. The question of blood levels following oral and intravenous administration is discussed. Side effects of the drug were few, and included chills, dizziness, skin rash, itching and diarrhoea. Thus miconazole can safely be given to seriously ill patients. Its behaviour in the body is not influenced by renal insufficiency and no drug induced resistance has been reported.
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PMID:Clinical and experimental evidence on miconazole for the treatment of systemic mycoses: a review. 12 47

Eighty-three patients with moderately severe acne were entered into a double-blind study utilizing clindamycin and placebo. Counts of comedones and pustules were made at intervals during a 13-week period. Clindamycin resulted in noticeable improvement of acne in 85% of subjects while in the placebo group improvement was present in 38%. There was also an unexplained reduction of total comedone count in the clindamycin-treated group. Severe side effects occurred in two of 44 patients receiving clindamycin (diarrhea, 1 and rash, 1); although an additional eight patients receiving clindamycin experienced mild diarrhea, discontinuation of therapy was not required. Clindamycin appears to be a valuable additional drug in the treatment of acne.
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PMID:Clindamycin vs placebo as adjunctive therapy in moderately severe acne. 13 70

A Phase I clinical trial of N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate, an antimetabolite which inhibits a key enzyme in the de novo pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis, was conducted. N-(Phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate was given as an i.v. 15-min infusion once daily for five days; cycles of treatment were repeated every three weeks. Thirty-four patients received treatment. Dose-limiting toxicity was observed at 1500 to 2000 mg/sq m/day and was manifested by skin rash, diarrhea, and stomatitis. Rash and diarrhea usually began during the first week of treatment and persisted up to Day 17 of a cycle of therapy. No consistent hematopoietic, hepatic, or renal toxicity was observed. One partial response in a patient with colon carcinoma was seen and continues at more than eight months. Stable disease was observed in three patients with colon carcinoma, two patients with hypernephroma, one patient with pancreatic carcinoma, and one patient with melanoma. The predictability and reversibility of toxicity and the suggestion of antitumor activity in humans are observations which support the further evaluation of N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate in Phase II studies.
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PMID:Phase I trial of N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate. 15 1

Gross and microscopic lesions of Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF) are described in 10 rhesus monkeys that survived from 30 to 78 days after subcutaneous inoculation with a dose of 10(3) plaque-forming units (PFU) of Machupo virus, a dose which produces a severe and generally fatal disease. Six of the monkeys had been given low doses of homologous immune globulin when initial signs of infection appeared. Monkeys exhibited clinical signs in two phases. The initial signs of acute infection which began to appear about 1 week following inoculation included: diarrhea, depression, anorexia, dehydration, and skin rash. The survivors of this early phase of the illness usually showed improvement before relapsing into the second (or chronic) phase, which was characterized clinically by central nervous system disturbances including incoordination, tremors, convulsions, paresis, and muscle atrophy. Microscopic lesions were similar in both immune globulin-treated and untreated animals. These included widespread lymphoreticular infiltrates in the walls and adventitia of blood vessels of the brain, spinal cord, pancreas, intestine, liver kidney, adrenal, parathyroid, heart, and skeletal muscle. Diffuse lymphocytic infiltrates not confined to the vascular or perivascular tissues were present to a variable degree in many of these and other organs. Several monkeys exhibited lymphocytic inflammation of the choroid, meninges, peripheral nerves, and ganglia.
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PMID:Pathology of chronic Bolivian hemorrhagic fever in the rhesus monkey. 18 94


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