Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011881 (diabetic nephropathy)
 10,836 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized structurally by progressive mesangial deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Transforming growth factor-ss (TGF-ss) is considered to be one of the major cytokines involved in the regulation of ECM synthesis and degradation. Several studies suggest that an increase in urinary TGF-ss levels may reflect an enhanced production of this polypeptide by the kidney cells. We evaluated TGF-ss in occasional urine samples from 14 normal individuals and 23 patients with type 2 diabetes (13 with persistent proteinuria >500 mg/24 h, DN, 6 with microalbuminuria, DMMA, and 4 with normal urinary albumin excretion, DMN) by enzyme immunoassay. An increase in the rate of urinary TGF-ss excretion (pg/mg U Creat.) was observed in patients with DN (296.07 +/- 330.77) (P<0.001) compared to normal individuals (17.04 +/- 18.56) (Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric analysis of variance); however, this increase was not observed in patients with DMMA (25.13 +/- 11.30) or in DMN (18.16 +/- 11.82). There was a positive correlation between the rate of urinary TGF-ss excretion and proteinuria (r = 0.70, alpha = 0.05) (Pearson's analysis), one of the parameters of disease progression.
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PMID:Transforming growth factor beta activity in urine of patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. 1058 34

Selectivity index (SI) has been reported to reflect the selectivity of proteinuria, and it has a relationship with tubulointerstitial damage. Moreover it has a predictive value on functional outcome. However, it is necessary to measure serum IgG, serum transferrin, urinary IgG, and urinary transferrin to calculate SI. We measured urinary micro-cholesterol (mCHO) levels in sixty-three patients with proteinuria (urinary total protein > or = g/gCr) and compared urinary mCHO/total protein(uTP) ratio and SI. The patients' diseases were minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS, n = 12), focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS, n = 12), membranous nephropathy (MN, n = 17), and diabetic nephropathy (DMN, n = 22). Urinary mCHO levels were measured by the ECC method using cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) and cholesterol dehydrogenase, and this method was performed conveniently by automatic analyzer. No correlation was observed between urinary mCHO/gCr and serum lipid levels. There was no difference of urinary protein levels among each disease group. We found urinary mCHO/uTP ratio has a good positive correlation with SI(R = 0.722, p < 0.001). Although the difference between ROC curves of SI and urinary mCHO/uTP ratio in distinguishing MCNS from other diseases (FSGS+MN+DMN) did not reach the statistical significance, the area under the curve was larger for mCHO/uTP ratio. These results suggest that measurement of urinary mCHO by ECC method can be a simple and useful tool for predicting selectivity of proteinuria and lipoprotein-loading tubulopathy.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of urinary cholesterol/total protein ratio as a marker of selectivity of proteinuria: comparison with selectivity index]. 1931 16