Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011881 (diabetic nephropathy)
 10,836 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Age distribution at dialysis induction among patients with chronic renal failure was studied in 579 cases. Age distribution differed depending on the primary renal diseases and sex. In chronic glomerulonephritis, males were most numerous in the 30-39 year-old group, followed by the 40-49 and 20-29 year-old groups. They decreased with age. Females showed the same frequencies among the 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 year-old groups. However, the 50-59 year-old group had the most cases. Among cases of diabetic nephropathy, males were most numerous in the 50-59 year-old group and females in the 60-69 year-old group. Progression of the disease to renal failure seemed to be more rapid in males than in females. Natural history and possible risk factors in patients with chronic renal failure maintained on hemodialysis were discussed.
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PMID:Age and sex distribution in chronic renal failure patients at dialysis induction. 383 49

34 patients with analgesic nephropathy (AN) were investigated by real-time ultrasonography. In 11 out of 14 patients on maintenance dialysis and in 16 out of 20 patients with renal insufficiency calcified renal papillae were documented surrounding the central sinus in a typical garland pattern. Moreover, by surveying a group of patients with renal insufficiency of unknown origin, AN was assumed in 10 patients and was then confirmed by a hitherto unknown history of analgesic abuse as well as by laboratory findings. In 37 patients radiologic or autopsy data were additionally available. A close correlation to the scanning pattern was found in 31 of these patients. In 30 healthy volunteers and 56 patients with renal insufficiency due to chronic glomerulonephritis (n = 24) or diabetic nephropathy (n = 32) calcified renal papillae were found only in 1 case. 5 out of 20 patients on maintenance dialysis due to other diseases than AN showed renal calcifications forming an approximate garland arrangement. In these patients sonography may therefore indicate AN only in very characteristic cases. We believe that renal papillary calcifications surrounding the central sinus in a garland pattern may indicate AN in most cases and thus may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis of AN.
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PMID:Ultrasonic findings in analgesic nephropathy. 388 9

16 peritoneal dialyses were performed in 14 end-stage kidney disease patients; 6 had diabetic nephropathy, and, of the nondiabetic group, 7 had chronic glomerulonephritis, and 1 had polycystic kidney disease. The peritoneal dialysis performed with conventional 1.5% glucose solution, intervened by four consecutive exchanges using 4% hypertonic glucose solution, was compared to 4% mixed hypertonic mannitol solution in the diabetic and nondiabetic group. There was no significant change of serum glucose, when postdialysis with 1.5% glucose solution was compared to 4% mixed hypertonic mannitol solution; however there was a significant change of serum osmolality in both groups. Postdialysis with both 4% hypertonic solutions showed that there was no significant difference of ultrafiltration volume in both groups of patients, but there was a significant difference in serum glucose in the diabetic group. The transport mechanism of mixed hypertonic mannitol solution as compared to hypertonic glucose solution is discussed. The application of hypertonic mannitol solution for clinical use is not advised.
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PMID:Short-term effect of 4% hypertonic glucose as compared to 4% mixed hypertonic mannitol solution in conventional peritoneal dialysis. 392 56

Concentration and acidification capability was tested in 41 patients with chronic pyelonephritis (PN), 14 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (GN), 16 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DNP) and 12 healthy controls. Significant differences appeared between PN and GN, PN and DNP comparing a quotient between percent of normal osmolarity and percent of normal creatinine clearance. Similar results were obtained using a quotient creatinine clearance/ammonia excretion, which enabled the differentiation of PN from the other groups. The tubular functions of concentration and ammonia excretion in relation to creatinine are clinically useful in the differentiation of pyelonephritis from glomerular kidney diseases.
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PMID:Tubular dysfunctions in the diagnostic differentiation of glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, and diabetic nephropathy. 397 78

We studied 182 patients with chronic renal failure by urinalysis and urine cultures. Of the patients 27 per cent had significant bacteriuria (more than 10(5) per ml.), 38 per cent had significant pyuria (more than 10 white blood cells per high power field), 19 per cent had urinary tract infection and 7 per cent had symptomatic urinary tract infection. All 12 patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection had significant bacteriuria and 11 had significant pyuria, while 1 had 5 to 10 white blood cells per high power field. Incidences of urinary tract infection differed depending on the primary renal disease (12, 13, 41 and 67 per cent for chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney and chronic pyelonephritis, respectively). Among the patients with chronic glomerulonephritis no significant differences were seen in frequencies of bacteriuria and urinary tract infection between male and female patients or between those who did and did not undergo hemodialysis. Also, no significant correlation was seen between bacteriuria and daily urine output but pyuria was significantly more frequent in oliguric patients or those on hemodialysis.
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PMID:Urinary tract infection in oliguric patients with chronic renal failure. 399 25

Autopsies of all uraemic patients in Leningrad for three years, and materials of the City Nephrological Service have demonstrated that the structures of nephrological diseases in their early and terminal stages were different. Chronic glomerulonephritis has been noted in patients with normal renal function just as often as chronic pyelonephritis but the former prevails considerably among the causes of uraemia. The proportion of polycystic kidney disease, amyloidosis, and diabetic nephropathy increases in patients with chronic renal failure. Due to these changes and the difference in the death age of patients with various diseases the majority of patients suitable for treatment with long-term dialysis suffer from chronic glomerulonephritis and only 14.89-20.5% from chronic pyelonephritis.
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PMID:Epidemiology of chronic renal diseases. 622 4

Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on regular hemodialysis (HD) was measured. The enzyme activity of these patients was significantly higher than that of an age-matched control group. Additionally, we found that an elevated activity was observed in patients who had a longer history of HD. The enzyme activity in patients with CRF caused by diabetic nephropathy was higher than that in patients with CRF caused by chronic glomerulonephritis, though this difference was not significant. We conclude that diffuse vascular damage might be the cause of the increased ACE activity seen in CRF.
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PMID:Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (S-ACE) activity in patients with chronic renal failure on regular hemodialysis. 633 Mar 98

Urine samples of 17 patients with nephropathy were tested with precipitating anti-thermostable-kidney antigen sera (anti-kidney BE antigen), which had been made kidney specific by absorption with diverse tissues. Kidney BE antigen was demonstrated in the concentrated urine of a patient (case I.T.) with membranous nephropathy, in whom membranous nephropathy appeared to be associated with exposure to chromium. Kidney BE antigen was, however, not demonstrated in the concentrated urine from the other 16 patients with nephropathy (chronic glomerulonephritis, 7; acute glomerulonephritis, 3; lupus nephritis, 3; membranous nephropathy, 2; diabetic nephropathy, 1). Kidney BE antigen was localized in the tubular cells but not in the glomeruli, by indirect immunofluorescent staining. Kidney BE antigen was not demonstrated in the glomeruli in case I.T., even after acid elution of the sections. The possible role of kidney BE antigen in the pathogenesis of membranous nephropathy is discussed.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of thermostable kidney antigen (BE antigen) in patients with various renal diseases. A case of membranous nephropathy with kidney BE antigen in the urine. 640 94

Simultaneous studies of serum and urinary proteins in 294 adult proteinuric patients are presented. Our data showed that these studies can provide valuable guides for clinical diagnosis. In the group of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, hypoalbuminemia, hypogammaglobulinemia and hyper-alpha 2 globulinemia were most marked. Urinary protein electrophoresis (PEP) showed a well-selective pattern with albumin and beta globulin as the main constituents. In the other groups of proteinuric patients the hypoalbuminemia and hyper-alpha 2 globulinemia were milder and urinary PEP generally showed non-selective pattern. In the groups of acute glomerulonephritis and lupus nephropathy, C3 was generally decreased; polyclonal gammopathy was frequently encountered and alpha 1 acid glycoprotein was markedly increased. In the cases of chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy and the levels of gamma globulin, C3 and alpha 2 acid glycoprotein were usually within normal limits. Urinary protein selectivity index in this series of adult patients was not a useful diagnostic parameter.
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PMID:Simultaneous studies of serum and urinary proteins for evaluation and diagnosis of glomerular damages in proteinuric patients. 722 87

A total of 116 patients with various degrees of chronic renal insufficiency were studied. The most frequent cause that led to its development was the chronic pyelinephritis, followed by chronic glomerulonephritis, and the other chronic renal disease, as--renal polycystosis, diabetic nephropathy, endemic nephropathy, etc. The dynamic and static pulmonary volumes volumes and capacities were investigated in order to achieve the task set and on their base--the type of ventilation disorder was determined. Certain changes of the indices were found in parallel with the intensification of the chronic renal insufficiency. They were best manifested in the patients with advanced renal insufficiency from II and IV group. Ventilation disorders were present in 50% of the patients examined. The restrictive type ventilation insufficiency was most often found (22.4%), second--the mixed type of ventilation defect (16.4%) and third--the obstructive type ventilation insufficiency (11.2%).
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PMID:[Types of ventilatory insufficiency in chronic kidney insufficiency]. 738 5


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