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Query: UMLS:C0011881 (diabetic nephropathy)
 10,836 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ultrasonograms of 546 kidneys were obtained in 280 patients undergoing chronic dialysis. Dialysed kidneys could be detected in 529 of the 546 kidneys (96.9%) by ultrasonic examination. The ultrasonic diagnoses on dialysed kidneys were contracted kidney in 313 kidneys (59.2%) and acquired cystic disease of the kidney in 107 kidneys (20.2%). Ultrasonic measurement of the size of kidney (length and thickness) revealed that the kidneys in patients with chronic renal failure were much smaller than normal ones. But the kidneys in patients undergoing dialysis for more than 8 years gradually increased in size with incidence of acquired renal cysts. The kidneys in patients with diabetic nephropathy were greater in length and thickness than those with chronic glomerulonephritis. Sonographic features of dialysed kidneys were unclear renal imaging, unidentified central echoes, cortico-medulla + border and increased parenchymal echogenicity. Irregularity of the renal contour had a tendency to increase in number with incidence of cysts in long-term dialysis patients. The ultrasonograms of the kidneys with diabetic nephropathy showed fewer changes than normal ones. No major complication of the kidney was detected in the present study. However, two retroperitoneal hematomas and one renal cell carcinoma developed within two years after this examination. We believe that regular screening of the kidneys by ultrasonic examination is mandatory in patients on chronic dialysis for early diagnosis and treatment of these complications.
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PMID:[Ultrasonographic study on kidneys in patients with chronic renal failure. Part I. Ultrasonic measurement of renal size and analysis of renal ultrasonotomograms]. 223 8

Ultrasonic examination of the kidney was performed on 280 patients undergoing chronic dialysis. Acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) was detected in 107 of 529 kidneys (20.2%). This paper presents an analysis of ultrasonotomograms of ACDK. Ultrasonic measurement of the size of ACDK was 72.5 +/- 15.2 mm in length and 41.7 +/- 9.8 mm in thickness. The size of ACDK was significantly greater than that of contracted kidneys by ultrasonographic diagnosis. With regard to sex distinction the length and thickness of ACDK were significantly greater in males than in females. As for laboratory data, patients with ACDK showed significantly higher values of red blood cell count, hematocrit and serum creatinine concentration compared with contracted kidneys. Prolongation of the dialysis peirod increased the incidence of ACDK. The size of ACDK showed a tendency to increase with duration of dialysis. However, no correlation was noted statistically between the incidence of ACDK and duration of dialysis and between the size of ACDK and duration of dialysis. There was a significantly lower incidence of ACDK in patients with diabetic nephropathy than those with chronic glomerulonephritis. A sonographic feature of ACDK is irregularity of the renal contour because of cystic transformation. Renal imaging, identification of the corticomedullary border, identification of the central echoes and increased parenchymal echogenicity were similar to other dialyzed kidneys. The main complications of ACDK are hemorrhage and tumor formation. We observed two retroperitoneal hematomas and one renal cell carcinoma developed within two years after this examination. The incidence of complications of ACDK was 5.1 per cent. We believe that patients with ACDK should be watched carefully by regular ultrasonic examination for early diagnosis and treatment of these complications.
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PMID:[Ultrasonographic study on kidneys in patients with chronic renal failure. Part II. Acquired cystic disease of the kidneys]. 223 9

There are indications that there is an increased risk of chronic renal failure (CRF) in the Negroid race, yet few studies have been carried out in the native 'black' environment. A clinico-pathological study of 100 consecutive Nigerian subjects with CRF, seen over a 3-year period, is presented. Primary chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) accounted for 50, accelerated hypertension for 25, and various aetiological entities for a further nine; these included, chronic pyelonephritis (two), diabetic nephropathy (two), calculous nephropathy (one), toxaemia of pregnancy (one), renal dysplasia (one), tuberculosis (one) and polycystic disease in the ninth subject. In 16 cases, no definitive aetiological diagnosis could be made. Combinations of the following features, protracted hypertension, proteinuria, significant analgesic intake and gouty arthritis, were observed. CGN and accelerated hypertension still remain the leading causes of CRF, while diseases such as diabetes mellitus and chronic pyelonephritis do not contribute significantly to CRF in Nigerians. Recognition of the early features and the causes of CRF would considerably reduce the prevalence of this condition.
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PMID:Diseases causing chronic renal failure in Nigerians--a prospective study of 100 cases. 254 87

High diagnostic significance of beta 2-microglobulin determination by radioimmunoassay in the blood and urine of patients with the main types of renal pathology (chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome, and diabetic nephropathy) was shown. A study of beta 2-microglobulin level permitted accurate determination of the localization of pathology in the nephron and assessment of a degree of its expression as well as the detection of initial renal functional disorders, assessment of therapeutic efficacy and dynamic observation of renal function in patients with renal pathology.
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PMID:[Clinical importance of the radioimmunologic determination of beta 2-microglobulin in patients with kidney pathology]. 290 87

Since 1981, the Korean Society of Nephrology began annual report on renal replacement therapy in Korea. The annual number of new patients receiving dialysis treatment in 1986 increased to 957 patients (23.3 per million population) from 825 patients (20.4 per million population) in 1985. And the total number of patients on replacement therapy increased from 1,508 patients (37.3 per million population) to 2,534 patients (61.7 per million population). 1,340 patients (32.6 per million population) of these patients were on hemodialysis, 573 patients (13.9 per million population) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 621 patients (15.1 per million population) on functioning renal graft as of December 31, 1986. The common causes of renal failure of new patients were chronic glomerulonephritis (41.6%) followed by diabetic nephropathy (12.6%), nypertensive nephrosclerosis (7.8%), chronic pyelonephritis (2.5%) and others. The annual mortality rate decreased from 21.9% in 1981 to 13.5 in 1986. The common causes of death in patients on dialysis therapy were cardiac (32.8%), vascular (14.7%), infective (14.7%) and social problems (11.2%) in the order of frequency. Recently, the number of patients requiring dialysis is rapidly increasing due to expanded medical insurance support for dialysis and improved economic status of our country. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up counterplan for a rapid growth of the number of new patients.
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PMID:Multicenter report on dialysis and transplantation in Korea, 1986. Korean Society of Nephrology. 307 56

The charts of 70 successive patients presenting for dialysis therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were evaluated for their serum electrolyte values. The "classical" pattern of low total CO2 (tCO2), elevated anion gap ("delta"), and normal chloride was found in a minority of patients (14 of 70, or 20%). Hyperchloremia was noted in 46%; in 21 patients (30%), this was associated with a normal delta and in 11 (16%), hyperchloremia was accompanied by an elevated delta. Fourteen patients (20%), most with diabetic nephropathy, had normal serum electrolytes. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis had a hyperchloremic pattern as often as not, and two of four patients with interstitial nephritis demonstrated hyperchloremia without an elevated delta. We conclude that the previously held thesis that hyperchloremia is a rare or absent finding by the time renal failure progresses to ESRD is no longer tenable. Furthermore, a significant minority of ESRD patients may require the initiation of dialysis at a time when their serum electrolytes are still normal.
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PMID:Serum electrolyte patterns in end-stage renal disease. 309 Aug 75

The urinary excretion of immunoglobulin light chains kappa and lambda, immunoglobulin G, transferrin, and beta-2-microglobulin was studied in 21 patients with nonimmunoglobulin-related amyloid nephropathy (secondary, type AA) associated with rheumatic disease and in 39 patients with glomerulopathy of nonamyloid origin, as well as in 22 patients with rheumatic disease without signs of nephropathy and in 15 healthy subjects. Patients with amyloidosis were found to have a higher ratio of excreted lambda/kappa light chains than patients with diabetic nephropathy or chronic glomerulonephritis. The increased lambda/kappa ratio was not dependent on the grade of proteinuria and was evident in patients with mild as well as heavy proteinuria. The ratio of lambda/kappa light chains in serum of patients with amyloidosis did not differ from that in healthy controls. The results suggest that amyloid deposition in the kidneys is associated with a selective alternation of the immunoglobulin light chain excretion in the urine.
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PMID:Urinary protein excretion patterns in reactive (secondary) systemic amyloidosis. 314 96

Altered urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) has been reported in patients with nephrolithiasis, with chronic glomerulonephritis, and incipient diabetic nephropathy, but evaluation of urinary GAG has not been reported in infections and proliferating diseases of the urinary tract. Urinary excretion of GAG was measured in 50 patients with idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis (ICN) of whom 20 had associated urinary tract infection, in 20 subjects with recurrent infection of the urinary tract (UTI), and in 18 patients with bladder papillomatosis. Mean values were significantly lower in ICN, increased in papillomatosis, and in the normal range in UTI.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans in urological disease. 343 40

Recurrence of diabetic nephropathy in the allograft of diabetics with end-stage renal disease who undergo renal transplantation has been reported. We report a case of a patient who underwent cadaveric renal transplantation for end-stage renal disease secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis 13 years ago. He developed steroid-induced, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 9 months after transplantation and florid nephrotic syndrome with progressive functional impairment due to biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy 11 years later. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of de novo diabetic nephropathy in a renal allograft of a patient who was not a diabetic at the time of transplantation. It is suggested that histopathologic changes of diabetes mellitus cannot only recur in a renal allograft, but also can develop de novo and lead to functional impairment and ultimately affect graft survival. In view of increasing patient and graft survival in transplanted diabetic and non-diabetic patients, it is reasonable to anticipate an increased incidence of this complication.
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PMID:De novo diabetic nephropathy with functional impairment in a renal allograft. 354 53

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the Zuni Indians with end-stage renal disease from July 1973 through December 1983. Thirty-eight cases of end-stage renal disease were compiled. We report a prevalence of 2902/10(6) for 1983 and an average annual incidence over the study period of 722/10(6)/y. This prevalence is 10.9 times the rate for all whites of Arizona and New Mexico and 3.6 times the rate for all Indians of Arizona and New Mexico. The Zuni incidence is 8.6 times the incidence for Arizona and New Mexico. The most frequent causes were chronic glomerulonephritis (40%) and diabetic nephropathy (24%). In 21% of the cases no cause could be assigned. The cause for these high rates of end-stage renal disease is unknown. Hypotheses with preliminary clinical findings are presented. Further comprehensive study is recommended.
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PMID:End-stage renal disease among the Zuni Indians: 1973-1983. 359 74


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