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Query: UMLS:C0011881 (diabetic nephropathy)
 10,836 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Kidneys of patients with severe diabetic nephropathy demonstrate marked linear immunofluorescent staining of extracellular membranes, including the tubular and glomerular basement membranes (TBM and GBM) and Bowman's capsule. Immunofluorescent studies were carried out on kidney tissue obtained from 12 diabetic and 17 nondiabetic patients from two to 12 years following renal transplantation. The frequency and intensity of SgG and albumin staining of these membranes were significantly greater in the diabetic than in the nondiabetic patients (P less than 0.0005). TBM, GBM, and Bowman's capsule staining did not occur in any of the seven kidneys studies at the time of their transplantation into diabetic recipients. Thus, the abnormalities leading to the deposition or trapping of proteins in renal extracellular membranes occur early after the placement of normal kidneys into the abnormal metabolic environment of the diabetic transplant recipient. The present study supports the concept that basement membrane alterations in diabetes are a consequence of the biochemical perturbations of diabetes rather than a separately inherited genetically linked disorder.
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PMID:Immunopathology of renal extracellular membranes in kidneys transplanted into patients with diabetes mellitus. 78 83

This report considers the pathophysiologic significance of capillary basement-membrane thickening in diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy and the relationship of capillary basement-membrane thickening to increased susceptibility to infections and to increased vascular permeability in diabetes. The evidence available (1) indicates that basement-membrane thickening affects most if not all capillaries of the diabetic and may contribute to increased susceptibility to infection and (2) suggests that increased capillary permeability in diabetes need not be attributed to basement-membrane changes per se, but rather may be due to changes in the cellular elements of the capillary wall.
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PMID:Basement-membrane thickening and diabetic microangiopathy. 78 63

From 1969 to 1974 on 38 diabetic patients with terminal renal insufficiency 1,500 haemodialyses were carried out. Out of them 21 were or are in the prolonged programme of dialysis. The average duration of diabetes up to the terminal renal insufficiency was 20 years. The survival time under dialysis between 50 to 616 days was on the average nearly 248 days. The waste of substances normally contained in the urine and the normalisation of changes of minerals under dialysis is to be compared with that one in non-diabetics. The conduction of the diabetic metabolism in advanced diabetic nephropathy is independent on the form of therapy chosen difficult and undergoes strong variations. For this practical recommendations are given. Dependent on the beginning of the dialysis in 8 cases we succeeded in a temporarily limited full rehabilitation, 5 patients were partially rehabilitated and in 8 patients the general condition could be improved by the treatment without successful rehabilitation. The main complications, which were also dominating causes of death, were seen from the side of the system of coronary circulation. Mediascleroses of the arterial walls partly of a high degree allow the supposition that in these cases additionally a secondary hyperparathyroidism was in question.
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PMID:[Immunological studies on the pancreas]. 81 74

The term diabetic nephropathy includes the Kimmelstiel-Wilson intercapillary glumerulosclerosis (1936), arterio-arteriolosclerotic changes and pyelonephritis. In principle, diabetic nephropathy becomes more frequent with increasing duration of diabetes mellituus. Pyelonephritis is 4 to 5 times more frequent in diabetics than in the general population. Elderly overweight women are particularly at risk. - Only the nodular intercapillary glomerulosclerosis and not the diffuse or exudative form is specific for diabetes mellitus. It is found in 20-40% of all diabetics who have had the disease for 10-15 years. Whether the microangiopathy is typical of diabetes mellitus remains to be seen. Due to the intense cardiovascular changes, possible disorders of brain and liver function and infection, the prognosis of renal insufficiency is considerably worse in diabetics than in non-diabetics.
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PMID:[Diabetic nephropathy (author's transl)]. 81 41

Animal models of diabetes mellitus allow for the manipulation of the metabolic state and the performance of experiments that may shed light on the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Rats with long-standing chemically induced diabetes develop glomerular mesangial thickening and immunoglobulin and complement deposition. These glomerular changes are reversible on the transplantation of a kidney from a diabetic rat into a normal host and on cure of the diabetic state by pancreatic islet transplantation. Conversely, diabetic renal changes develop in normal kidneys transplanted into diabetic rats (within tow to four months) and humans (within two years). These studies suggest that nephropathy results from the diabetic state. The mesangium is thickened in diabetic rats, mice, and humans. In rats, mesangial function is the processing of macromolecules localized therein is disturbed in areas of mesangial pathology. The finding that glomerulopathy is accelerated in uninephrectomized diabetic rats and is retarded in rat kidneys "protected" by narrowing of the renal artery suggests that alterations in glomerular blood flow are related to the pathogenesis of diabetic glomerular damage. Marked hyperglycemia in animals and man leads to "glycogen nephrosis," which affects the distal tubule at the level of the macula densa of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA). This could lead to disturbance of JGA blood pressure regulation. Disturned mesangial function may result from failure of macula densa cells to process macromolecules that have reached that site from the mesangium.
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PMID:Studies of diabetic nephropathy in animals and man. 82 65

Thirteen juvenile-onset diabetics with azotemic diabetic nephropathy (mean serum creatinine level, 6.8 mg/dl) being evaluated fro renal transplantation underwent cardiac catheterization with angiography. All were followed for development of acute renal failure. Twelve (92%) developed some evidence of acute renal failure. Two required potassium exchange resin therapy. Six required dialysis acutely. There were no deaths. All patients who received greater than 65 ml/m2 of iodinated contrast developed acute renal failure. No patient with a hemoglobin value greater than 9.9 g/dl required dialysis or potassium exchange resin. The single patients without acute renal failure received less than 50 ml/m2 of iodinated contrast and had the highest hemoglobin value (12.0 g/dl). No cardiac or angiographic variables were predictive of acute renal failure. In this group at high risk for acute renal failure, radiographic contrast procedures should only be done if the information to be obtained is weighed against the potential for injury.
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PMID:Coronary angiography and acute renal failure in diabetic azotemic nephropathy. 83 28

Forty-eight patients with nephrotic syndrome were evaluated prospectively; the studies included inferior venacavagrams and ventilation perfusion lung scans. Eleven patients were found to have renal vein thrombosis (RVT). Eight of 21 patients with membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) has RVT (38%). Clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings were not different among those patients with MGN and MPGN whether RVT was present or not. Patients with diabetic nephropathy or lupus nephritis did not have RVT. There was a high incidence of other thromboembolic phenomena as well as asymptomatic perfusion defects demonstrated by the lung scan, especially in patients with MGN or MPGN. These data suggest the disease process underlying the nephrotic syndrome may play a paramount role in the genesis of RVT or thromboembolic phenomena.
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PMID:On the incidence of renal vein thrombosis in the nephrotic syndrome. 84 51

A case of acute renal failure after cerebral arteriography with iodinated contrast material in a patient with diabetes and azotemic nephropathy is described. A review of the literature concerning acute renal failure after radiographic contrast material is included. The main risk factors reported in the literature appear to be the presence of diabetic nephropathy and the administration of fairly large doses of iodinated contrast material. Azotemic patients should be kept well hydrated and receive doses of less than 50 cc/m2 of body surface area when studied with such materials. Careful monitoring of urinary output and serum creatinine and ready access to dialytic therapy will aid in the detection and subsequent treatment of this problem.
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PMID:Acute renal failure after cerebral arteriography in a diabetic patient. 84 45

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disorder that affects many organs in the body. Diabetic nephropathy occurs a number of years after the onset of the disease, and it is usually manifested by the development of the nephrotic syndrome. However, the sudden onset of massive proteinuria or the rapid deterioration of renal function in the stable diabetic patient should suggest that an additional pathologic condition is affecting the kidneys. We report three cases of diabetic nephropathy complicated by other superimposed renal diseases.
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PMID:Acute glomerulonephritis complicating diabetic nephropathy. 86 44

During the years 1973, 1974 and 1975, the average annual rate of new ESRD patients was 50.4/million in a 7-county region of Southeastern Michigan. There were marked differences in the rate of new ESRD cases which paralleled the proportion of black individuals in the population. The ESRD rate for the black population was not significantly different in 3 districts within this region, ranging from 125.4 to 159.4/million. The ESRD rate for the white population ranged from 29.4 to 41.3/million, white individuals in Detroit having a significantly lower ESRD rate than white individuals in the area immediately adjacent to the city. The reason for this difference is not apparent. The data indicate that black individuals are more prone to develop ESRD from glomerulonephritis, hypertension, and diabetic nephropathy. In addition, racial factors are an important consideration in health care planning for ESRD treatment.
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PMID:Racial factors in the incidence and causation of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). 91 Mar 46


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