Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011860 (type 2 diabetes)
 57,723 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.03 seconds) .

Concepts found in the documents ranked by [ Frequency | Pointwise Mutual Information | Symmetric Conditional Probability ] .
Human Gene/Protein
insulin 25338
Sep 3496
glucagon 3025
hemoglobin 2655
Mol 2358
NIDDM 2271
HDL 1466
adiponectin 1464
peptidase 1302
gut 1232
leptin 1205
GLP-1 receptor 1204
albumin 1095
insulin receptor 854
cytokine 828
DPP 822
C-reactive protein 781
ATP 749
amylin 742
GLP-1 727
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 684
renin 635
endoplasmic reticulum 624
IRS-1 611
TNF 600
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 591
tumor necrosis factor 589
IDDM 581
AMP-activated protein kinase 577
IL-6 571
glucokinase 406
glucose transporter 390
GLUT4 384
AMPK 375
DM2 373
adipokine 369
sodium-glucose cotransporter 361
glucosidase 351
Adiponectin 345
interleukin-6 338
resistin 337
mTOR 326
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide 311
collagen 307
proinsulin 303
superoxide dismutase 294
dipeptidyl peptidase IV 293
angiotensin II 279
MODY 279
PPAR 277
AKT 270
PI3K 257
fibrinogen 239
CRP 235
She 227
INS-1 227
ACE 226
AMP 225
SGLT2 225
nuclear receptor 221
plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 220
catalase 218
caspase-3 214
growth hormone 212
amylase 211
GLP 205
protein kinase B 197
ghrelin 197
TCF7L2 195
apolipoprotein B 193
PGC 191
polypeptide 189
angiotensin receptor 187
alpha-glucosidase 185
GSH 184
STZ 184
phosphatase 181
Leptin 174
Kir6.2 174
MRI 173
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase 171
NMR 171
glucose transporter 4 171
TNF-alpha 170
histone 169
lipopolysaccharide 168
lipoprotein lipase 165
ANOVA 164
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 164
MAPK 163
apolipoprotein 161
leptin receptor 160
JNK 160
p38 159
alanine aminotransferase 156
somatostatin 153
insulin-like growth factor 153
epididymal 153
vascular endothelial growth factor 152
nitric oxide synthase 152
glutathione peroxidase 151
ROS 149
insulin receptor substrate 148
Pol 148
glucose-6-phosphatase 148
ERK1 147
calcium channel 146
SIRT1 144
angiotensin II receptor 143
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 140
IL-10 140
IGF-1 138
TLR4 137
glycogen synthase 134
Ang II 133
ADP 127
IL-1 127
REG 127
GIP 127
NAD 125
aspartate aminotransferase 125
CD26 123
IRS-2 120
inducible nitric oxide synthase 120
alkaline phosphatase 118
amyloid precursor protein 117
Fibroblast growth factor 21 117
Bcl-2 116
MCP-1 116
serum albumin 115
NLRP3 115
Men 115
glycoprotein 115
PDX-1 115
osteocalcin 115
ERK 114
visfatin 113
chemokine 111
uncoupling protein 1 110
CD36 110
glucagon receptor 109
IGF-I 109
GSK 109
p53 109
monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 109
sulfonylurea receptor 108
interferon 107
proximal tubule 107
tumor necrosis factor alpha 104
ATPase 103
plasminogen activator inhibitor 102
HSD1 102
endothelial nitric oxide synthase 102
GCK 101
vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 99
threonine 98
lipase 97
GFR 97
San 96
GPR40 96
more...
Disease
type 2 diabetes 57723
diabetes 25264
obesity 13374
hypertension 5481
cardiovascular disease 5277
hyperglycemia 4664
metabolic syndrome 4303
type 1 diabetes 2930
glucose intolerance 2800
hypoglycemia 2448
dyslipidemia 2395
atherosclerosis 2361
cancer 2261
renal disease 1833
hyperinsulinemia 1518
diabetic nephropathy 1441
fatty liver 1277
stroke 1229
Alzheimer's disease 1130
coronary artery disease 1071
hyperlipidemia 1040
coronary heart disease 1028
heart failure 1000
retinopathy 903
myocardial infarction 853
gestational diabetes mellitus 845
prediabetes 786
diabetic retinopathy 712
microalbuminuria 710
depression 684
neuropathy 625
polycystic ovary syndrome 557
chronic disease 530
proteinuria 520
abdominal obesity 503
metabolic disorder 487
tumor 482
cirrhosis 478
vascular disease 459
Nonalcoholic fatty liver 457
cognitive impairment 451
renal failure 435
alcoholic fatty liver 428
dementia 413
hepatocellular carcinoma 397
osteoporosis 397
hypercholesterolemia 389
liver disease 385
myocardial ischemia 375
DM2 373
heart disease 360
MODY 325
peripheral neuropathy 309
ischemia 303
breast cancer 302
plaque 286
chronic renal failure 261
diabetic ketoacidosis 246
obstructive sleep apnea 244
diabetic neuropathy 240
renal impairment 232
malnutrition 221
Evans 220
Parkinson's disease 218
essential hypertension 213
insulinoma 211
autonomic neuropathy 207
congestive heart failure 204
rheumatoid arthritis 195
hepatitis C 195
morbid obesity 190
chronic liver disease 189
sleep apnea 189
GSH 185
blindness 175
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 175
lactic acidosis 175
diabetic cardiomyopathy 173
schizophrenia 170
osteoarthritis 166
SEM 164
periodontitis 161
asthma 161
infectious diseases 159
peripheral vascular disease 158
anemia 157
vitamin D deficiency 154
prostate cancer 154
HIV 153
hyperandrogenism 152
pancreatitis 150
Best 147
infertility 146
cold 143
overnutrition 143
hyperphagia 142
cardiomyopathy 142
pancreatic cancer 142
colorectal cancer 141
INS 141
hypogonadism 138
ventricular hypertrophy 138
cardiovascular risk factor 133
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 130
hypothyroidism 130
renal insufficiency 126
lipodystrophy 125
glomerulosclerosis 125
West 125
gout 122
ketosis 119
Syndrome 118
acute myocardial infarction 118
polyneuropathy 116
proliferative diabetic retinopathy 116
liver fibrosis 116
hyperuricemia 115
sepsis 114
tuberculosis 112
erectile dysfunction 111
carcinogenesis 110
sepsis 109
NPH 106
Endothelial dysfunction 104
periodontal disease 104
amyloidosis 101
psoriasis 100
autoimmune disease 100
inflammatory bowel disease 100
acanthosis nigricans 99
chronic hepatitis 98
tumorigenesis 95
arthritis 95
arteriosclerosis 93
colon cancer 92
carcinoma 89
endocrine disorder 86
Overweight and obesity 84
syndrome X 83
preeclampsia 82
acute pancreatitis 78
anovulation 78
dehydration 77
endometrial cancer 72
hepatitis 72
adenocarcinoma 71
Cushing's syndrome 71
mental illness 70
liver cancer 70
cataract 68
Pancreas 66
multiple sclerosis 65
major depressive disorder 65
confusion 63
Pancreas 63
MODY3 63
Brown 63
GAD 63
tumor growth 62
pneumonia 62
more...
Symptom
overweight 1698
pain 356
nausea 201
fatigue 165
diarrhea 132
angina 126
vomiting 111
weakness 101
starvation 87
exhaustion 87
hunger 84
abdominal pain 81
polyuria 73
headache 70
polydipsia 67
discomfort 66
anesthesia 63
discomfort 49
anorexia 47
constipation 45
sleepiness 45
dizziness 44
dyspnea 44
seizures 41
cachexia 40
nausea and vomiting 40
cough 37
hepatomegaly 34
insomnia 33
chest pain 33
numbness 31
ketonuria 30
back pain 28
respiratory distress 26
myalgia 25
memory loss 25
thinning 24
Depressive symptoms 24
collapse 23
Ill 22
low back pain 21
hypothermia 21
functional recovery 21
stigma 20
Wind 18
arthralgia 17
hypotonia 16
paresthesia 16
shortness of breath 15
snoring 15
asthenia 13
erythema 13
menopausal symptoms 12
decreased appetite 12
lethargy 12
tingling 11
acute stress 11
hyperoxia 11
urinary frequency 11
bloating 11
analgesia 11
hypercapnia 9
Catch 9
leg pain 9
ataxia 9
flushing 8
splenomegaly 8
chills 8
HSA 8
tense 7
syncope 7
thigh pain 7
tremor 7
acidity 6
Decreased activity 6
hemoptysis 6
hot flashes 6
agitation 6
Poor sleep 6
apathy 6
chorea 6
masculinization 6
night sweats 6
ophthalmoplegia 6
vertigo 6
pallor 6
abdominal discomfort 5
KIDNEY 5
leg edema 5
forgetfulness 5
epigastric pain 5
Stiffness 5
regurgitation 5
flank pain 5
productive cough 4
rigors 4
sore throat 4
pedal edema 4
hyperesthesia 4
hot flushes 4
dysuria 4
anosmia 4
dry eye 4
Cushingoid 4
paresis 3
pelvic pain 3
rales 3
Cushingoid 3
skin irritation 3
dry skin 3
exertional dyspnea 3
Neuropathic pain 3
heartburn 3
hemiplegia 3
cerebellar ataxia 3
hopelessness 3
Stepping 3
bitter taste 3
distraction 3
acute pain 3
blurred vision 3
dysesthesia 3
No adverse effect 3
alexithymia 3
frequent urination 3
wheezing 3
muscle rigidity 3
Burning mouth 3
despair 3
Multimorbidity 3
Gastrointestinal symptoms 3
exertional angina 3
physical exhaustion 3
knee pain 3
bradykinesia 2
body pain 2
pneumaturia 2
persistent cough 2
shoulder pain 2
spasm 2
jaw pain 2
tachypnea 2
cyanosis 2
lassitude 2
tinnitus 2
excessive sweating 2
abdominal fullness 2
lightheadedness 2
nasal discharge 2
hepatosplenomegaly 2
Fear of falling 2
hoarseness 2
Hemiballism 2
neck pain 2
Fatigability 2
Lower urinary tract symptoms 2
hypoproteinemia 2
Fluctuation 2
skin damage 2
hypocapnia 2
more...
Drug
Cardiovasc 582
Glucagon 569
ADM 376
Liraglutide 205
Rosiglitazone 172
Exenatide 159
lysine 157
ROS 149
vitamin E 135
Monit 119
Troglitazone 103
niacin 98
ascorbate 98
caffeine 94
Angiotensin II 79
Gliclazide 73
Dermatol 72
ROC 68
Dial 58
Leaf 46
NADH 46
Fructose 45
metformin hydrochloride 45
AHF 44
IL-2 41
Orlistat 40
Bifidobacterium 37
TAK 37
Insulin glargine 35
Albumin 34
EPA 33
Nephron 32
Perindopril 30
ALA 29
Pramlintide 29
Simvastatin 29
Rimonabant 29
Ramipril 28
Insulin detemir 28
Glide 28
CPR 27
Vitamin E 26
Valsartan 25
MAP 25
Growth hormone 24
Vitamin A 24
Colesevelam 23
lactose 23
PTH 23
Spectrum 22
Nephron 22
Growth hormone 22
DM1 21
Ethanol 21
Lantus 21
Kenyan 20
citric acid 19
Januvia 19
nitroglycerin 19
CTX 19
CTX 18
Asn 18
CTX 18
Ginseng 17
ABC 17
Portal 17
CSF 17
Gel 16
Avandia 16
Parkin 15
IL-1ra 15
Ezetimibe 15
Nitric Oxide 15
ACT 15
Parkin 15
CAM 14
EE2 14
Fluorescein 13
Lovastatin 13
EPI 13
FAD 13
IFN-gamma 13
Insulin lispro 13
NAG 12
Aliskiren 12
Bayer 12
Asthma 12
Pravastatin 12
Glutathione 11
Actos 11
Actos 11
Olmesartan 11
GEO 11
Bezafibrate 11
Vitamin B 10
Aloe 10
Insulin aspart 10
Fraction 10
Trandolapril 10
Rosuvastatin 9
Cilostazol 9
Retinoic acid 9
Captopril 9
Heme 8
Hydrochlorothiazide 8
Tacrolimus 8
Fragment 8
Tesaglitazar 8
Spectrum 8
ampicillin 8
Alanine 8
Voglibose 8
Amaryl 8
AGG 8
p75 7
Vitamin B12 7
Humalog 7
PCB 7
DEX 7
Humulin 7
Diurnal 7
Clopidogrel 7
Symlin 7
Insulin glulisine 7
G-CSF 7
Posture 7
HCH 7
Biopolymers 6
Forskolin 6
ENT 6
Glycyrrhiza 6
Raloxifene 6
NVP 6
Muraglitazar 6
L-tyrosine 6
Glycerol 6
Gemfibrozil 6
THF 6
Fluorescein 5
Indomethacin 5
ETA 5
Ranolazine 5
Ranolazine 5
Ginger 5
PFA 5
Tocopherol 5
Estrogens 5
Serum albumin 5
Award 5
TAC 4
Domperidone 4
Myricetin 4
Indapamide 4
Nebivolol 4
NAH 4
AMC 4
Check 4
Vitamin K 4
DHT 4
DNase I 4
more...
Enzyme
AMP-activated protein kinase 927
mitogen-activated protein kinase 647
renin 635
protein kinase 619
glucokinase 407
AMPK 387
AMPK 375
ACE 361
superoxide dismutase 360
alanine aminotransferase 283
ERK 268
protein kinase C 247
catalase 242
alpha-glucosidase 219
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 216
dipeptidyl peptidase IV 208
aspartate aminotransferase 201
focal adhesion kinase 176
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase 171
lipoprotein lipase 165
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 163
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 161
caspase-3 157
luciferase 157
glutathione peroxidase 151
glucose-6-phosphatase 148
lipase 132
NADPH oxidase 126
alkaline phosphatase 118
GSK 117
ATPase 114
NADPH oxidase 99
acetyl-CoA carboxylase 92
gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 92
ACS 87
complex I 86
proteasome 84
NO synthase 84
thrombin 82
aldehyde dehydrogenase 81
calcineurin 77
phosphoinositide 3-kinase 76
phosphodiesterase 75
AST 73
caspase-1 72
phosphorylase 70
peroxidase 70
lactate dehydrogenase 69
aldose reductase 66
tissue plasminogen activator 62
CPT 60
hexokinase 58
pyruvate dehydrogenase 54
insulin-degrading enzyme 53
IKK 51
hormone-sensitive lipase 51
adenylate cyclase 50
11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 48
PDK1 47
reverse transcriptase 47
CAD 46
acetylcholinesterase 46
pyruvate dehydrogenase 46
CAD 46
pyruvate dehydrogenase 46
CAD 46
citrate synthase 45
trypsin 44
creatine kinase 44
paraoxonase 43
pyruvate kinase 42
MEK 42
LPL 40
CD10 40
paraoxonase 39
xanthine oxidase 37
glucose oxidase 36
calpain 10 36
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 36
phospholipase C 32
cholinesterase 32
AMP-activated kinase 32
CPT 32
NOS 32
CYP3A4 32
CPT 31
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase 31
succinate dehydrogenase 30
pyruvate carboxylase 29
CPR 29
collagenase 29
phospholipase A2 27
ATP synthase 27
glutathione reductase 26
PARP 26
sucrase 26
furin 25
glutathione S-transferase 25
tyrosine hydroxylase 24
MAP 22
HSD 22
CaMKII 22
phosphofructokinase 21
plasmin 21
kallikrein 21
heme oxygenase 21
ceruloplasmin 21
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 20
diacylglycerol acyltransferase 19
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 19
alpha-amylase 19
invertase 18
MDP 18
RNA polymerase 18
APC 18
thromboplastin 18
NQO1 17
caspase-9 17
GRK5 17
methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 16
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 16
methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 16
P-glycoprotein 15
PTPase 15
fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 15
cdc2 15
cytochrome oxidase 15
peroxiredoxin 15
acyl-CoA oxidase 14
caspase-8 14
transglutaminase 14
adenosine deaminase 13
nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase 13
adenosine deaminase 13
BAT 13
aldehyde dehydrogenase 13
cathepsin D 13
guanylate cyclase 13
arginase 13
endonuclease 13
protein phosphatase 2A 13
CYP7A1 12
O-GlcNAc transferase 12
MIP 12
acid phosphatase 12
demethylase 12
acyl-CoA synthetase 12
subtilisin 12
PKG 12
thyroid peroxidase 12
PAL 12
glutamate dehydrogenase 12
AOR 12
glutamate dehydrogenase 12
glutamate dehydrogenase 12
PAL 12
PDH 12
proprotein convertase 11
carbonic anhydrase 11
glycerol kinase 11
more...
Compound
glucose 21525
Clin 5226
Dec 3916
Insulin 3103
oxygen 1423
DNA 1416
sodium 1274
creatinine 1110
Metformin 1077
Metformin 1065
calcium 976
Pac 930
water 874
DPP 822
ATP 749
Diabetol 688
Cardiol 657
TNF 600
Diabetol 593
Glucagon 569
MOD 552
nitric oxide 532
tyrosine 415
vitamin D 394
acetate 378
arginine 376
potassium 369
cAMP 342
serine 338
phosphate 333
Sodium 293
zinc 273
AMP 265
aldosterone 261
alanine 258
hydrogen 244
urea 230
STZ 227
palmitic acid 225
iron 224
lysine 222
Pioglitazone 217
galactose 212
leucine 210
silver 209
His 207
ethanol 201
nitrogen 201
nicotinamide 194
GSH 193
GSH 193
Cholesterol 191
Pima 188
salt 187
threonine 184
glycerol 178
NAD 155
homocysteine 152
ADP 150
palmitic acid 147
methionine 142
Angiotensin II 141
cysteine 135
sulfate 129
ADP 128
ADP 127
glutamate 126
NAD 125
CoA 120
Phe 119
chromium 115
copper 114
Vitamin D 111
glutamine 107
selenium 106
Optimal 106
Hemoglobin 102
proline 96
caffeine 94
retinol 94
tryptophan 90
ACS 88
tryptophan 88
tryptophan 86
ACS 86
tryptophan 86
Acarbose 83
FFA 82
Testosterone 81
Testosterone 81
Ile 79
MDA 78
DBP 78
alloxan 77
DBP 76
Gly 75
methanol 73
valine 72
Glibenclamide 71
nitrate 69
Fenofibrate 69
Resveratrol 67
nicotinic acid 66
NADPH 65
NADPH 65
NH2 65
THP 65
TOF 60
Losartan 60
PMA 60
Dial 60
MTT 57
nicotinic acid 56
PEG 56
ethyl acetate 55
Asp 55
Atorvastatin 55
8-OHdG 55
ASA 54
nicotinic acid 54
Glimepiride 54
isoleucine 54
prostacyclin 54
Melatonin 54
5-HT 54
nicotinic acid 54
CO2 53
isoleucine 52
THP 52
adenylate 52
noradrenaline 52
vanadium 51
H2O2 51
DHA 49
Ang II 49
SDS 49
Statin 48
cGMP 48
Repaglinide 48
retinoic acid 48
phosphorus 47
NADH 46
Berberine 46
Fructose 45
ACTH 45
Nateglinide 44
GlcNAc 44
Mg2+ 43
TSH 43
pentosidine 43
Irbesartan 43
Sucrose 42
manganese 41
Glycogen 40
Telmisartan 40
glucose-6-phosphate 40
Thyroid 40
BMC 37
Retinal 37
N-acetylcysteine 37
more...