Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011860 (type 2 diabetes)
 57,723 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. To date, genetic causes and underlying molecular mechanisms for sporadic PD remain largely unknown. Sirtuis are highly conserved NAD-dependent class III deacetylases. SIRT1, the closest to yeast Sir2, has deacetylase activity and ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. SIRT1 gene has been connected to many cellular processes and implicated in human diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Studies in animal model have also associated SIRT1 with aggregation of alpha-synuclein, a critical protein in the PD pathogenesis. We hypothesized that the genetic variants within the regulatory regions of SIRT1 gene that repress its gene expression, rather than mutations in its coding region that abolish SIRT1 function, may contribute to PD as a risk factor. In this study, we genetically analyzed the promoter region of SIRT1 gene in sporadic PD patients and ethic-matched healthy controls. Three novel heterozygous sequence variants, g.69644133C>G, g.69644213G>A and g.69644351G>A, were identified in PD patients, but in none of controls, which may alter the transcriptional activities of SIRT1 gene promoter, resulting in reduced SIRT1 levels. One novel heterozygous variant, g.69644219G>A, linked with single-nucleotide polymorphism - g.69644217A>C (rs932658), was only found in one control, which may have no functional activity. Therefore, our results suggested that genetic variants within the SIRT1 gene promoter may repress SIRT1 gene expression, contributing to PD as a risk factor.
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PMID:Genetic analysis of SIRT1 gene promoter in sporadic Parkinson's disease. 2261 5

Mutations in cardiac transcription factor genes, such as GATA-4, NKX2-5 and TBX5 genes, have been associated to the patients with familial and isolated congenital heart disease (CHD). Little work has been done on the epigenetic causes for CHD. Sirtuis are highly conserved NAD-dependent class III deacetylases. In mammals, there are seven members of surtuin family, SIRT1-SIRT7. SIRT1, the closest to yeast Sir2, has deacetylase activity and ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. SIRT1 has been involved in many cellular processes and implicated in human diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We hypothesized that altered levels of SIRT1 gene expression, rather than mutations in SIRT1 gene, may contribute to the human diseases. In this study, we genetically analyze the SIRT1 gene promoter in patients with ventricular septal defects (VSD) (n=333) and ethic-matched healthy controls (n=348). In all, six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and twelve heterozygous sequence variants were identified. Four novel heterozygous variants, g.69643693A>G, g.69643963A>T, g.69643971G>A and g.69644366Ins, were found in six VSD patients, but in none of controls. Six SNPs and variants, g.69643707A>C (rs35706870), g.69643874C>A, g.69644209C>G, g.69644213G>A, g.69644268T>A and g.69644441G>A, were only identified in controls. The other SNPs and variants were found in both groups with similar frequencies. Therefore, the variants within the SIRT1 gene promoter identified in VSD patients may alter the transcriptional activities of SIRT1 gene promoter. Changed SIRT1 protein levels may contribute to the VSD etiology by affecting the activities of its substrates.
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PMID:Genetic analysis of the SIRT1 gene promoter in ventricular septal defects. 2288 81