Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011860 (type 2 diabetes)
 57,723 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of temporal arteritis is described in a woman of 67, affected by non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, associated with polymyalgia rheumatica and complicated by angina pectoris. Angina, which appeared a few days after diagnosis, was coupled with electrocardiographic alterations, which did not seem sensitive to nitrates but went back when steroid at full dose was added. The patient was also affected by Basedow disease, which was present during the whole course of the vasculitis. Furthermore islet-cell antibodies (ICA) were present. HLA typing showed the presence of the B8, DR3 haplotype. The patient died after 22 months from the diagnosis of digestive hemorrhage, probably favoured by extended cortisone therapy, while signs of arteritis were still evident.
 ...
PMID:[Temporal arteritis associated with hyperthyroidism and complicated by angina pectoris. A case report]. 866 85

Diabetic mastopathy, an uncommon form of lymphocytic mastitis and stromal fibrosis, typically occurs in longstanding type 1 diabetes. Nineteen cases meeting predetermined histopathologic criteria for diabetic mastopathy were correlated as to clinical history and disease recurrence. Physical examination revealed palpable discrete masses or diffuse nodularity, both predominantly in the subareolar region. One nonpalpable lesion was detected incidentally during reduction mammoplasty. All cases contained lymphocytic ductitis and lobulitis with varying degrees of keloidal fibrosis, vasculitis, epithelioid fibroblasts, and lymphoid nodule formation. Single mammary lesions were found in 11 patients with type 1 diabetes, 1 with type 2 diabetes, and 3 without diabetes. Four cases were bilateral (3 patients with type 1 and 1 patient with type 2 diabetes). Six of 19 cases recurred (3 ipsilateral, 2 contralateral, and 1 bilateral). We confirm the histopathologic constellation for diabetic mastopathy. However, we question the specificity of these features because of identical findings in patients with type 2 diabetes and nondiabetic patients. We found diabetic mastopathy in men and women, as a solitary mass or bilateral disease, and recurrence in either breast, sometimes multiple. Recognition of potential recurrence is important because it might spare patients with documented diabetic mastopathy from repeated breast biopsies.
 ...
PMID:Diabetic mastopathy. A clinicopathologic review. 1076 56

A 48-year-old man with a 14-year history of type 2 diabetes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and distal symmetrical diabetic polyneuropathy visited our hospital. Eight months later, he subacutely developed difficulty in both shoulder movement and trouble standing up from a squatting position. This was accompanied by severe bilateral shoulder and thigh pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, cervical and lumbar spine, computed tomography of the shoulder and X-ray films of the cervical spine and shoulder revealed no abnormality. Cerebrospinal fluid showed a mild elevation of protein (0.93 g/l) without cell infiltration. Antiganglioside antibodies and point mutation of mitochondrial DNA at position 3243 were not found. Neuropathology of the sural nerve showed a moderate myelinated fiber loss, active axonal degeneration, but onion-bulb formation, endoneurial or epineurial vasculitis were not observed. Electromyography revealed neurogenic changes in the proximal upper limb muscles. Nerve conduction studies revealed mild bilateral slowing in nerve conduction velocity in both of the upper and lower limbs. The diagnosis of this patients was suspected to be a proximal diabetic neuropathy (diabetic amyotrophy). The pain and muscle weakness had persisted more severely in the shoulder than in the thigh throughout the clinical course. His unbearable symptoms could be partially alleviated by an administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluvoxamine maleate. Proximal diabetic neuropathy is a rare disabling type of neuropathy, which is characterized with subacute bilateral muscle weakness and wasting in the proximal part of the lower limbs. The involvement of the scapulohumeral region observed in this case is very unusual in proximal diabetic neuropathy.
 ...
PMID:A suspected case of proximal diabetic neuropathy predominantly presenting with scapulohumeral muscle weakness and deep aching pain. 1153 31

Diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy (DLRPN) (also called diabetic amyotrophy) is a well-recognized subacute, painful, asymmetric lower-limb neuropathy that is associated with weight loss and type II diabetes mellitus. Nondiabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy (LRPN) has received less attention. Comparison of large cohorts with DLRPN and LRPN demonstrated that age at onset, course, type and distribution of symptoms and impairments, laboratory findings, and outcomes are similar. Both conditions are lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathies that are associated with weight loss and begin focally with pain but that evolve into widespread, bilateral paralytic disorders. Although both are monophasic illnesses, patients have prolonged morbidity from pain and weakness, and many patients become wheelchair-dependent. Although motor-predominant, there is unequivocal evidence that autonomic and sensory nerves are also involved. Cutaneous nerves from patients with DLRPN and LRPN show pathological evidence of ischemic injury (multifocal fiber loss, perineurial thickening and degeneration, neovascularization, microfasciculation, and swollen axons with accumulated organelles) and microvasculitis (mural and perivascular inflammation, separation and fragmentation of mural smooth muscle layers of microvessels and hemosiderin-laden macrophages). Controlled trials with immune-modulating therapies in DLRPN are in progress, and preliminary data suggest that such therapy may be beneficial in LRPN. It is likely that DLRPN and LRPN are immune-mediated neuropathies that should be separated from chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and from systemic necrotizing vasculitis.
 ...
PMID:Diabetic and nondiabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathies: new insights into pathophysiology and treatment. 1193 65

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis is the most frequent cause of renal disease in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (DM), sometimes accompanied by vascular lesions. However, other glomerular pathologies are important in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of non-diabetic nephropathy (NDN) in selected patients with type II DM, and to identify clinical markers that may predict its presence in this population. We reviewed 20 renal biopsies performed on twenty patients with type II DM. Nine of them showed diabetic nephropathy (DN) (45%), whereas eleven showed NDN (55%): 1 IgA nephropathy, 3 vasculitis and 7 membranous nephropathy. We found no differences between the two groups with regard to sex, duration of DM, insulin therapy, glycosylated haemoglobin, proteinuria, presence of nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, serum IgA level or renal size. The NDN group had haematuria in 63.6%, whereas the patients with NDN had it in 44.4% (NS). Body mass index was higher in NDN patients (30 +/- 6.7 vs 22 +/- 2.9; p < 0.01), The same was true for creatinine clearance (82.2 +/- 51.4 ml/m vs 40.4 +/- 19.6 ml/m; p < 0.05). The age at the moment of diagnosis was higher in ND patients (67 +/- 11.2 vs 54.3 +/- 4.6; p < 0.05). The 3 patients who had diabetic retinopathy were found to have DN on renal biopsy (diagnostic specificity = 100%), although 66.7% of the patients with diabetic glomerulopathy had no retinopathy. We conclude that patients with type II DM with renal findings suggesting non-diabetic renal disease frequently it have NDN, and a renal biopsy must be performed. The presence of retinopathy has a predictive value of 100% in predicting DN, therefore its existence may make this diagnostic procedure unneccesary.
 ...
PMID:[Renal histological lesions in patients with type II diabetes mellitus]. 1208 17

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide disease that is characterized by a preferential chronic evolution with mild to severe liver disease, including cirrhosis and, in lesser proportion, hepatocarcinoma. Out of these complications, HCV is frequently reported to complicate extrahepatic manifestations. Among those associated to HCV infection with a high degree of certainty, mixed cryoglobulinemia and its complications (skin, neurological, renal, rheumatological involvement) are the most prevalent (50%) in HCV-infected patients. The other diseases include noncryoglobulinemic systemic vasculitis, splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes, fatigue, porphyria cutanea tarda, sicca syndrome, and autoantibodies production. The extrahepatic manifestations that share mild-degree certainty of association with HCV infection include B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, pruritus, and type II diabetes mellitus. The other diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis, lichen planus are more questionable for their eventual association with HCV and others (pulmonary fibrosis with or without polymyositis, progressive encephalomyelitis, Mooren's corneal ulcers, erythema nodosum, chronic polyradiculonevritis) are mostly case reports. Howerver, even in cases of tight association, the mechanisms through which HCV may promote or induce extrahepatic manifestations remain unclear and merit further investigations.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis C virus-associated extrahepatic manifestations: a review. 1555 28

Mitochondrial disorders are an uncommon, but important, cause of stroke-like clinical and imaging presentations in individuals under the age of 45 years. We present a 31-year-old man with a 4-year history of migraine-like headaches, type 2 diabetes mellitus, seizures, and hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple hyperintensities on T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences. An exhaustive work-up for vasculitis including brain biopsy was performed. Mitochondrial DNA testing revealed the A3243G substitution associated with the mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke syndrome. In this case review we briefly discuss the signs and symptoms, frequency, pathophysiology, and prognosis of this disorder.
 ...
PMID:Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke (MELAS). 1640 Mar 2

Here, we report the occurrence of leukocytoclastic vasculitis as an outcome of type III allergy to insulin in a patient with type II diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis was made on the basis of anatomo-pathological examination of a skin biopsy.
 ...
PMID:Type III hypersensitivity to insulin leading to leukocytoclastic vasculitis. 2055 67

In addition to its effects in the liver, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can have serious consequences for other organ systems. Extrahepatic manifestations include mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) vasculitis, lymphoproliferative disorders, renal disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, sicca syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis-like polyarthritis, and autoantibody production; reductions in quality of life involve fatigue, depression, and cognitive impairment. MC vasculitis, certain types of lymphoma, insulin resistance, and cognitive function appear to respond to anti-HCV therapy. However, treatments for HCV and other biopsychosocial factors can reduce quality of life and complicate management. HCV treatment has a high overall cost that increases when extrahepatic manifestations are considered. HCV appears to have a role in the pathogenesis of MC vasculitis, certain types of lymphoma, and insulin resistance. Clinicians who treat patients with HCV infections should be aware of potential extrahepatic manifestations and how these can impact and alter management of their patients.
 ...
PMID:Manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection beyond the liver. 2087 37

A 50-year-old female patient, who had had a long-term history of myelodysplastic syndrome and type II diabetes mellitus, had developed acute myelogenous leukemia and received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). She was being treated with tacrolimus, methotrexate and prednisolone for prophylaxis and treatment of graft-versus-host disease, and with intensive insulin therapy for better glycemic control. The patient suddenly developed marked leg edema at 27 days after starting intensive insulin therapy (on day 40 after BMT) without coexistence or exacerbation of apparent causes such as renal failure, cardiac dysfunction or leg thrombosis around the onset of leg edema. Interestingly, the leg edema regressed soon after daytime hyperglycemia and intensive insulin therapy were performed. Histopathological examination revealed slight dermal edema and small bullae with little inflammatory infiltration but no signs of autoimmune blistering diseases or vasculitis. These findings indicate that the present case may be considered a form of so-called insulin edema occurring during intensive insulin therapy after BMT.
 ...
PMID:Case of insulin edema occurring during intensive insulin therapy after bone marrow transplantation. 2195 Dec 68


1 2 3 Next >>