Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011860 (type 2 diabetes)
 57,723 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Obesity in pediatric population is an important global problem. The prevalence of obesity in children is dramatically rising. According to World Health Organization, about 41 million children under the age of 5 years are obese or overweight worldwide. Overweight and obesity are well-known risk factors for a number of health disorders. Diseases commonly observed in this group of patients are metabolic disorders, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver disease, musculoskeletal problems, and many others. The main aim of this study was to present the current knowledge of the association between childhood obesity and common otorhinolaryngological disorders. It is suggested that obese children are more prone to suffer from otorhinolaryngological illnesses than the lean ones. Obesity may predispose to otorhinolaryngological diseases in various ways. It strongly interferes with the immune system (increases serum levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, C-reactive protein, and leptin and reduces adiponectin concentration) affecting organs of the upper respiratory tract. Additionally, obesity induces mechanical disorders in the upper airways. According to our review, obesity predisposes to otitis media with effusion, acute otitis media, recurrent otitis media, obstructive sleep apnea, sensorineural hearing loss, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and post-/perioperative complications after adenotonsillectomy. Obesity in children significantly correlates with both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and asthma and constitutes a significant component of "OSA, obesity, asthma" triad.
Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Jun
PMID:The Association Between ENT Diseases and Obesity in Pediatric Population: A Systemic Review of Current Knowledge. 3096 7

BACKGROUND Malignant external otitis (MEO) is an invasive infection that can involve the external auditory canal and the skull base up to the contiguous soft tissues. Considering the changing face of MEO, we reviewed cases of MEO treated in our Ear Nose Throat (ENT) clinic - University Federico II of Naples between 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the current epidemiology of the condition and to assess the state of art on diagnosis, therapeutic and follow-up management in our patients. CASE REPORT We present the cases of three male patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who complained of long-lasting otorrhea and pain, with clinical suspicion of MEO. In all cases, ear swab was positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All our patients received a 6-week course of intravenous ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, and tazobactam, with rapid clinical symptoms improvement and complete recovery at 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS MEO is difficult to treat due to the lack of standardized care guidelines. Patients with MEO often present with severe otalgia, edema, otorrhea, and facial nerve paralysis. Clinicians must suspect MEO in elderly diabetic and immunocompromised patients with persistent otalgia after external otitis. Imaging (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) can play synergistic roles in the management of MEO. To evaluate eradication of the disease, clinicians have to assess clinical symptoms and signs as well as radiological imaging and inflammatory markers.
 ...
PMID:Malignant Otitis External: Our Experience and Literature Review. 3280 1