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Query: UMLS:C0011860 (type 2 diabetes)
 57,723 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Herein we describe a patient with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus who developed acute anuric renal failure following eye surgery. This condition, ascribable to diabetic neurogenic bladder and probably to the use of anticholinergic agents, improved following placement of a urethral catheter. The physiopathological mechanisms and treatment are discussed.
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PMID:[Acute anuric renal failure in a patient with diabetic neurogenic bladder]. 180 16

Value of the residual urine index was evaluated in 40 individuals both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic male patients with and without an objective evidence of neuropathy and in 20 age matched non-diabetic men serving as controls using post void bladder ultrasonographic technique. These studies revealed striking results in the neuropathic group. Both IDDM and NIDDM diabetic patients with neuropathy exhibited a significant (P < 0.005) increase in residual-volume in comparison with the controls of the same age group and a direct correlation between residual urine retention and neurogenic bladder was found to be established thus suggesting a generalized massive hypotonia of the bladder in these patients. However, non of the two types of non-neuropathic diabetic patients showed significant difference in the above-mentioned parameters compared to that their respective controls. A non-significant association in the values of the study parameters between insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent diabetic men (with and without neuropathy) was also observed. These findings thus suggest a probable neuropathic involvement in the pathway of urinary tract in both IDDM and NIDDM diabetic men with neuropathy. The greater impairment of the values of residual urine index in these patients may be due to overall greater severity of neuropathy with sympathetic as well as parasympathetic damage irrespective of their type of diabetes.
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PMID:Measurement of the residual urine index in insulin-dependent and non-insulin dependent diabetic men with and without neuropathy. 1010 38

Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare, life-threatening complication of upper urinary tract infections that is characterized by the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma and perirenal space. It commonly occurs in diabetic patients. Escherichia coli are the most common causative organisms, with few reports implicating Citrobacter freundii as the etiologic agent in EPN. A 57-year-old woman with diabetes and neurogenic bladder visited at our department with confused mentality, myalgia, and general weakness. Further investigation revealed that the patient suffered from unilateral EPN with sepsis caused by C. freundii. The patient's condition was improved considerably with percutaneous drainage and use of intravenous antibiotics for several weeks. However, renal function eventually deteriorated to permanent renal failure, which required hemodialysis. In conclusion, C. freundii may be the causative pathogen of EPN in a patient with type 2 diabetes and neurogenic bladder.
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PMID:Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Caused by Citrobacter freundii in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes and Neurogenic Bladder. 2439 35

A 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with 2-day history of malaise and dyspnea. He had mitral prolapse and type II diabetes mellitus with neurogenic bladder, which was cared for by catheterization on his own. On arrival the patient was in septic condition with hypoxemia, and physical examination revealed systolic murmur at the apex. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed vegetation of the mitral and the aortic valve. The presence of continuous bacteremia was confirmed by multiple sets of blood culture, whereby gram-positive cocci was retrieved and identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus) both phenotypically and genetically. Because two major criteria of the Modified Duke Criteria were met, the patient was diagnosed with native valve endocarditis due to S. saprophyticus. The urine culture was also positive for gram-positive cocci, phenotypically identified as Staphylococcus warneri, which was subsequently identified as S. saprophyticus with the use of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry), indicating strongly that the intermittent catheterization-associated urinary tract infection resulted in bacteremia that eventually lead to infective endocarditis. This patient was treated with vancomycin and clindamycin. Because of multiple cerebral infarctions, the patient underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement on hospital day 5. Blood culture turned negative at 6th hospital day. Antibiotic therapy was continued for six weeks after surgery. The patient's clinical course was uneventful thereafter, and was discharged home. This is the first case report of native valve endocarditis caused by S. saprophyticus of confirmed urinary origin.
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PMID:Staphylococcus saprophyticus native valve endocarditis in a diabetic patient with neurogenic bladder: A case report. 2618 52

Emphysematous cystitis is a relatively rare infection characterized by the accumulation of air within the urinary bladder wall and bladder lumen. Diabetes mellitus and neurogenic bladder are the major risk factors of emphysematous cystitis. The clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic to fatal disease state. Computed tomography is the best diagnostic imaging modality. Here, we present a case of an 81-year-old woman with poorly controlled type II diabetes mellitus who had acute lower abdominal pain after a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty which demonstrated emphysematous cystitis caused by Escherichia coli that resolved with antibiotic treatment.
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PMID:A rare cause of acute lower abdominal pain: Emphysematous cystitis. 2632 51