Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A human insulinoma cDNA library was constructed in the expression plasmid vector pUEX1. The clone pUEX1Ins12 was selected by means of hybridization with an insulin probe. It codes for full size amino acid sequence preproinsulin. The bacterial strain pUEX3Ins8 producing proinsulin as beta-galactosidase fusion protein was obtained for the use of recombinant protein as an antigen in an ELISA to detect serum antibodies in subjects with IDDM. Recombinant clones containing the middle, N- and C-terminal domains of the GAD65, the major autoantigen in IDDM, were constructed in pVEX1. These clones may become important tools to study the nature of GAD autoreactivity in IDDM. The clone pHICEO.9 was selected from the human insulinoma cDNA library by immunoscreening with total human insulinoma protein antibodies. This clone expresses the C-terminal fragment of human cholesterol esterase/lipase containing its antigenic determinant and can be used for blood lipase determination. Four clones containing cDNA inserts (0.47-1.42 kb) without any significant homologies to the known sequences in the Gene Bank were obtained by means of statistic selection.
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PMID:[Study on structural gene expression in human insulinoma]. 774 51

The high frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in children with congenital rubella suggests that the infectious agent may trigger the autoimmune process. To explore the immunologic relationship between rubella virus and IDDM, we examined a panel of mAb that recognizes rubella virus capsid and envelope glycoproteins for reactivity with islet cell Ag. One mAb, C9, which recognizes a defined domain within the capsid protein of rubella virus, was found to react with extracts from a rat beta-cell tumor and normal rat and human islets. Using one and two dimensional immunoblot analysis of rat beta-cell tumor extracts, the C9-like epitope was found to reside on a 52 kDa protein that is also the target of autoantibodies from human IDDM and nonobese diabetic mice. To confirm this cross-reactivity, antibodies in diabetic sera were absorbed to the recombinant rubella virus capsid protein, eluted, and then shown to react with the 52 kDa insulinoma protein. These data show that an immunogenic epitope on the rubella virus capsid protein is mimicked by a similar structure on a beta-cell protein. These findings suggest that rubella virus has the potential to sensitize susceptible individuals for an autoimmune response to beta-cell Ag and identify one mechanism that may contribute to beta destruction in IDDM.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibody to rubella virus capsid protein recognizes a beta-cell antigen. 845 75