Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of our research was elucidation of a relationship between red cell membrane lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant defense enzymes, on the one hand, and the age, disease duration, and presence of vascular complications in patients with type I diabetes mellitus, on the other. The possibility of correcting red cell peroxide status with human insulin preparations was investigated. Red cell membrane LPO was found increased more than twofold and antioxidant defense enzymes activities virtually unchanged vs. controls in 16 patients with diabetes aged 20 to 43. These characteristics of red cell peroxidation status do not depend on patients' age, disease standing, or presence of vascular complications. A twelve-week therapy with biosynthetic insulin resulted in complete normalization of LPO processes in patients with angiopathies aged under 35 and with disease standing of less than 10 years. In diabetics with angiopathies aged over 35 and disease standing of more than 10 years red cell MDA level reduced under the effect of therapy with human insulin preparations but was still increased vs. that in healthy donors by 1.5 times. Red cell GP and SOD activities reduced in the course of insulin therapy in all the examined groups of diabetics. Catalase activity increased by approximately 50% in patients with angiopathies, those aged over 35, and a disease standing of more than 10 years under the effect of insulin. In the rest groups of patients catalase activity did not differ from its initial level. Our results permit us recommending besides human insulin preparations antioxidant therapy for patients with vascular complications, those aged over 35, and a disease standing of more than 10 years.
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PMID:[Effect of biosynthetic insulin on lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte membranes in patients with type I diabetes mellitus]. 807 92

To evaluate oxidative stress in type I diabetes mellitus, two antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD EC 1.15.1.1.) and seleno-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px; EC 1.11.19), and two indexes of peroxidation in plasma, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and organic hydroperoxides (OHP), were measured in 118 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), classified in accordance with the presence or absence of vascular complications and the degree of metabolic control established by the HbA1c level. Ninety healthy subjects made up the control group. According to our results, plasmatic TBARS and OHP concentrations are significantly higher in diabetics than in controls, and these differences are accentuated in diabetic people with vascular disorders. The GSH-Px activity was significantly reduced in diabetic patients with poor and medium metabolic control in relation to the control group, regardless of the existence or absence of vascular disorders. No differences in SOD activity between diabetic and control groups were found. A significant positive correlation between TBARS and HPO (r=0.683, p<0.001) was found in both the control and diabetic groups. Among the lipid parameters studied, there were only significantly positive correlations between TBARS and total cholesterol; TBARS and triglycerides; OHP and total cholesterol and OHP and triglycerides. Positive correlations between TBARS and HbA1c and between OHP and and HbA1c, and negative correlations between GSH-Px and HbA1c and between SOD and HbA1c were also found. The multiple regression analysis shows that TBARS and HPO correlate negatively with GSH-Px. There was no significant correlation with SOD.
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PMID:Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 1035 23

The SOX (sex-determining region [SRY]-type high mobility group [HMG] box) family of transcription factors play key roles in determining cell fate during organ development. In this study, we have identified a new human SOX gene, SOX13, as encoding the type 1 diabetes autoantigen, islet cell antigen 12 (ICA12). Sequence analysis showed that SOX13 belongs to the class D subgroup of SOX transcription factors, which contain a leucine zipper motif and a region rich in glutamine. SOX13 autoantibodies occurred at a significantly higher frequency among 188 people with type 1 diabetes (18%) than among 88 with type 2 diabetes (6%) or 175 healthy control subjects (4%). Deletion mapping of the antibody epitopes showed that the autoantibodies were primarily directed against an epitope requiring the majority of the protein. SOX13 RNA was detected in most human tissues, with the highest levels in the pancreas, placenta, and kidney. Immunohistochemistry on sections of human pancreas identified SOX13 in the islets of Langerhans, where staining was mostly cytoplasmic. In mouse pancreas, Sox13 was present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of beta-cells as well as other islet cell types. Recombinant SOX13 protein bound to the SOX consensus DNA motif AACAAT, and binding was inhibited by homodimer formation. These observations-along with the known molecular interactions of the closely related protein, rainbow trout Sox23-suggest that SOX13 may be activated for nuclear import and DNA binding through heterodimer formation. In conclusion, we have identified ICA12 as the putative transcription factor SOX13 and demonstrated an increased frequency of autoantibody reactivity in sera from type 1 diabetic subjects compared with type 2 diabetic and healthy control subjects.
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PMID:Sex-determining region Y-related protein SOX13 is a diabetes autoantigen expressed in pancreatic islets. 1087 Nov 92

In this study, our aim was to determine whether or not type 1 diabetes mellitus affects salivary sialic acid level and SOD activity. For this purpose, unstimulated saliva specimen was collected. Saliva sialic acid level and SOD activity were measured by the methods of Warren and Sun, respectively. We found significantly decline in salivary sialic acid level and SOD activity. The decrease of salivary sialic acid level in type 1 diabetes may be due to changes in the activities of the enzymes taking part of in the synthesis and catabolism of sialic acid. The main reason for the decrease of salivary SOD activity may be increased glycation of the enzyme and/or deleterious effect of increased free oxygen radicals by glycated proteins on SOD activity in diabetes. We conclude the decline both in sialic acid and SOD in saliva may be a possible factor leading to oral complications of diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Evaluation of salivary sialic acid level and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity in type 1 diabetes mellitus. 1124 51

Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) concentration was measured in sera from 141 patients with 20 forms of infantile diseases including IDDM, SLE and epilepsy, 31 healthy children (controls), and 21 healthy young men by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a polyclonal antibody against human lung EC-SOD. Serum from patients with IDDM and fever of unknown origin had a significantly (p<0.05) lower concentration of EC-SOD than control serum. Part of sera from patients with the seven forms of diseases (SLE, viral infections, epilepsy, nephrosis, hyperthyroidism, hepatic disease, and Reye syndrome), on the other hand, had a greatly high concentration of EC-SOD, albeit not statistically significant. This SOD isoenzyme profile appears to be specific to each pediatric disease.
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PMID:Serum extracellular superoxide dismutase in pediatric patients with various diseases as judged by an ELISA. 1148 83

Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of the study was to compare OS parameters in diabetic children and their first-degree relatives. Fifty diabetic children from the West Bohemian Region were examined as well as their 32 siblings (12 Boys and 20 girls) and 65 of their parents during a period of 6 months. Thirty healthy sex- and age-matched children studied before planned surgeries were normal controls for children, 40 healthy adult volunteers were controls for parents. OS parameters were evaluated in all participants of the study (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidase, GSHPx; plasma antioxidant capacity, AOC; reduced glutathione, GSH; and malondialdehyde, MDA) and also Type 1 DM-associated antibodies (ICA and GADA). The results in diabetic children showed significantly lower GSHPx and AOC and increased MDA when compared with healthy children. Similar findings were found in their siblings but without statistical significance. It is consequently evident that decreased antioxidative protection and simultaneous free radical (FR) overproduction occur in diabetic children and that there is a similar, but not significant, tendency in their siblings. The findings warrant reducing OS in diabetic children and postponing disease onset in susceptible relatives.
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PMID:Parameters of oxidative stress in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and their relatives. 1250 49

Carriage of a polymorphism in the 3'untranslated region of the IL12B gene encoding IL-12p40 was investigated in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus stratified by age at diagnosis (n = 648) and compared with a population-based control cohort (n = 246) residing in Western Australia. DNA samples were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism or pyrosequencing. The C allele was more common in patients diagnosed after age 16 years than in controls (29% vs 17%, OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.4-2.7, p = 0.00003) or than in patients diagnosed when younger age 16 years (29% vs 22%, OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.9, p = 0.01). This reflected increases in homozygous and heterozygous carriage of the C allele. Heterozygosity was associated with a delayed disease in the late-onset diabetics (p = 0.005; Student's t-test). The effects of IL12B 3'untranslated region alleles on type 1 diabetes mellitus may reflect different levels of p40 available to form p40 homodimer, IL-12 (p35p40), and IL-23 (p19p40).
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PMID:Alleles of the IL12B 3'UTR associate with late onset of type 1 diabetes. 1560 69

Diabetic pregnancy is often complicated by a number of pathological conditions among which is increased oxidative stress. This study was conducted to investigate the parameters of oxidative stress in 90 patients divided into the three groups: pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes mellitus, healthy pregnant women and non-pregnant women. In pregnancy groups all parameters were followed in 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester. Diabetic control was monitored by fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and these values, as well as measured biochemical parameters (urea, creatinine, total cholesterol and uric acid), were appropriate throughout the study. The concentration of TBARS, as a measure of lipid peroxidation, and activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were investigated in hemolysate of erythrocytes. TBARS concentration increased significantly in pregnant women when compared with control group (non-pregnant women), as well as in pregnant diabetics compared with healthy pregnant women. The SOD activity was gradually increased in the group of normal pregnant women vs. non-pregnant group, but decreased significantly in the group of diabetic pregnant women. Catalase activity was significantly increased only in 3rd trimester diabetic pregnant women. Increased lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant status, despite good diabetic control, show that pregnant women are exposed to oxidative stress to a greater degree than controls.
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PMID:Oxidative stress in diabetic pregnancy: SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activity and lipid peroxidation products. 1562 58

To counterbalance the restricted availability of pancreatic islet tissue for transplant in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), new methods to provide viable and functional islet cells need to be established. We report on our approach to enhance in vitro viability and function of isolated neonatal pancreatic porcine cell clusters (NPCCs) by co-culturing them with PLGA microsphere entrapped, slowly release superoxide dismutase and catalase. These powerful antioxidizing agents were shown to significantly improve morphology, viability and function, as assessed by microscopy, molecular, biochemical and functional studies, of the incubated NPCCs, as compared to control. Preliminarily, in vitro exposure of isolated NPCCs to slow release microsphere-embedded SOD and CAT could permit or contribute to overcome hurdles associated with scarcity in islet tissue procurement for transplant in T1DM.
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PMID:Long-term delivery of superoxide dismutase and catalase entrapped in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres: in vitro effects on isolated neonatal porcine pancreatic cell clusters. 1599 7

Diabetes mellitus is associated with endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress (OS). We investigated whether these abnormalities are interrelated in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and if early OS markers predictive of vascular dysfunction can be identified. Thirty-five T1DM patients were matched for sex, age, height, and weight with nondiabetic subjects as healthy controls (CO). Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (IMT), and OS status in fasting blood were measured. Diabetic children had impaired FMD (6.68+/-1.98 versus 7.92+/-1.60% in CO, p=0.004), which was more pronounced in boys. The degree of FMD impairment was not related to the lower plasma levels of antioxidants or to the higher glucose, glycation, lipids, and peroxidation products. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), was higher in diabetic subjects (1008+/-224 versus 845+/-195 U/g Hb in CO, p=0.003) and was positively associated with FMD. After correcting for diabetes and gender, the subgroup of children with high Cu/Zn SOD (>955 U/g Hb) had a significantly better FMD (p=0.035). These results suggest that higher circulating Cu/Zn SOD could protect T1DM children and adolescents against endothelial dysfunction. Low Cu/Zn SOD is a potential early marker of susceptibility to diabetic vascular disease.
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PMID:Impact of oxidative stress on the endothelial dysfunction of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: protection by superoxide dismutase? 1766 43


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