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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Type I diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder of childhood and adolescence and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can be life-threatening. The study aims at identifying precipitating factors, states epidemiological features and describes clinical presentations in children with DKA admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), King Fahad Hospital, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia. The hospital records of 80 children admitted to PICU with DKA between January 2000 and December 2004 were reviewed. Results were compared with published data from Saudi Arabia and other countries. Age at admission ranged between 8 months and 14 years (mean = 10.7 years). Female to male ratio was 1.22:1. Consanguinity was reported among 32(40%) of all admitted children's parents. A family history of diabetes (either type 1 or 2) was reported in 59 (74%). The leading precipitating factor for DKA was infections (82.1%). An episode of DKA was the first clinical presentation of diabetes among 52(65%). The common presenting symptoms were: vomiting in 57(71.3%) and abdominal pain in 53 (66.3%). All children were dehydrated. Other signs included acidotic breathing and tachypnea each in 60%. Only two children were comatose (2.5%). Three of presenting cases were initially misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis before correct diagnosis was established. Cerebral edema occurred in one child. There were no deaths. DKA is an important cause of hospital admissions in our hospital, and 65% of newly diagnosed cases present with DKA. More effort should be put to prevent and reduce the incidence of DKA at initial presentation and later.
Sudan J Paediatr 2013
PMID:Diabetic Ketoacidosis in children admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of King Fahad Hospital, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia: Precipitating factors, epidemiological parameters and clinical presentation. 2749 70

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic T cell mediated autoimmune disease that results in destruction of pancreatic islet cells. Helicobacter pylori (HP) was recently thought to be a triggering factor for T1DM. This is a prospective case control study at Gaafar Ibnauf Children's Hospital and three other diabetic clinics in Khartoum, during the period January-September 2012. Ninety newly diagnosed T1DM children and a similar number of a control group were compared. Assessment of HP specific serum immunoglobulin was performed using Eliza test. There were 40(44.4%) female and 50(55.6%) male diabetic children. Diabetic children tested positive for HP constituted 56/90 (62.2%) compared to 59/90 (65.6%) from the control group. Diabetic children aged 11-18 years represented 46 (51%), 32/46 (57%) of them were seropositive for HP. A similar number of the same age in control group 30/46 (50.8%) were seropositive. Of 41newly diagnosed diabetic children (44.4%) of newly who complained of symptoms, 30 (53.6%) were seropositive for HP compared to 34 (37.7%) among the healthy children, out of whom 24 (40.7%) tested positive for HP. Diabetic children with moderate anemia were 35 (45.5%) compared to 54 (60.0%) in the control group. Seropositive children for HP in the 2 groups were, respectively, 20(40.8%) and 38(64.4%). Those with a poor family background were 28 (56%), 20 (40.0%) tested positive for HP, compared to 38 (64.4%), of whom 20 (64.5%) were seropositive in the controls. In conclusion, HP infection does not seem to play a role in triggering T1DM in children.
Sudan J Paediatr 2016
PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection and the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Sudanese children. 2809 60

The aim of this study is to measure the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in Khartoum State, Sudan. Records of all patients aged 6 months-19 years, living in Khartoum State and who were known to have or newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in all health institutes (both governmental and private) during the period January to December 2015, were reviewed. In addition to the records, interviews with patients and caregivers attending the clinics were conducted. Names were double-checked with the Sudanese Childhood Diabetes Association's central registry. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS 20). A total of 2,393 children were identified. Males were 1,117 (46.6%) and females were 1,276 (53.3%) with a ratio of 1:1.4, with no significant difference. The prevalence rate was 0.74/1,000. The overall incidence rate was 10.1/100,000. The peak incidence age was between 11 and 15 years (15.9/100,000). The incidence rates in below 5 years and 16-19 years were 8.4 and 7.7/100,000, respectively. There was no significant difference between males and females. In most of the cases, the onset was in the winter months. The commonest month of birth was June.The incidence of type 1 diabetes in Sudan is still considered among the high rate group in the world and in the region. There was an obvious increase in the incidence among the below-5 years age group (8.4/100,000) compared to a figure of 3.5 which was reported earlier from Sudan. For the first time, we report the incidence among the 16-19 age group (7.7/100,000).
Sudan J Paediatr 2020
PMID:Incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents aged 6 months-19 years in Khartoum State, Sudan. 3281 37