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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have previously demonstrated that oral glipizide suppresses the absorption of xylose in diabetics treated with diet alone. We suggested that glipizide might influence postprandial glucose levels by interfering with absorptive mechanisms. In the present study we have extended our observations to insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM). Nine non-obese diabetics without residual beta-cell function and with normal respiratory sinus arrhythmia and Valsalva ratio were studied on two occasions. Their ordinary insulin treatment was discontinued 24 hours before the study and glucose control was maintained by i.v. insulin infusion. The experiments began at 8 a.m. after an overnight fast. Insulin was given as a continuous i.v. infusion of 0.01 U/kg/h at 8-11 a.m. and 0.005 U/kg/h at 11 a.m. -2 p.m. At 8 a.m. the patients ingested 25 g of xylose and 15 g of glucose in 300 ml of water. Glipizide (5 mg) or placebo were given 30 min prior to the glucose-xylose load in random order, each patient serving as his own control. Blood samples were taken every 60 min for analysis of glucose, xylose, C-peptide and glipizide. The rise in blood glucose in the control experiment was similar to that previously seen in non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM) given the same xylose-glucose load. Glipizide did not exert any effects on either blood C-peptide, glucose or xylose levels. We conclude that oral glipizide administered in a therapeutic dose does not reduce xylose absorption in IDDM, in contrast to its previously demonstrated effect in NIDDM.
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PMID:Glipizide does not affect absorption of glucose and xylose in diabetics without residual beta-cell function. 351 65

The levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in the blood serum were measured in 38 subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance whose parents suffered from insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM, respectively) and in 12 normal subjects without hereditary aggravation for diabetes mellitus in order to specify the peculiarities of development of diabetes mellitus of various types. Reliably increased levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide on an empty stomach and absence of adequate secretion of insulin and C-peptide in response to stimulation with 5 mg of minidiab, expressed by a later and less manifest release of insulin and C-peptide, were observed in the test group, in contrast to healthy controls. The detected changes augment with the progress of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, being more marked in the subjects whose parents suffered from IDDM. The findings permit a conclusion that function of the insular system is changed during early disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in subjects whose parents suffered from both forms of diabetes mellitus. Minidiab test is recommended to specify the function of the pancreatic insular system.
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PMID:[Minidiab test to assess the functional state of pancreatic beta-cells in the children of diabetics]. 774 43

Patients with diabetes (type 1 or type 2) live shorter because of the long-term complications of hyperglycemia. One of the most important aims of therapy in diabetic subjects is delay in the development of long-term diabetes complications. However, another important aim of therapy in diabetic patients is the use of drugs, which not only delay the time of long-term complications development but also improve the quality of life. The paper presents the results of studies on quality of life in diabetic subjects basing on contemporary literature. In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus a quality of life decreases gradually with the duration of diabetes. The influence of intensive insulin therapy on quality of life is minimal or absent. In UKPDS study no differences in quality of live between conventionally or intensively treated patients were observed. In subjects with macrovascular complications the quality of life is significantly worse. Generally, the authors of UKPDS suggested that better glycemic control is not associated with better quality of life. Only Testa and Simonsen demonstrated that type 2 diabetic subjects treated by new "intelligent" drug--glipizide GITS (Glibenese GITS) is associated not only with better metabolic control but also with better quality of life.
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PMID:[The effect of improved glycemic control on quality of life in patients with type I and type II diabetes]. 1192 56