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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Case report on a child whose type I diabetes mellitus was diagnosed 23 months before the appearance of overt glucose intolerance. In this pre-IDDM stage of DMI were observed secondary enuresis, decreased growth speed, transient hyperglycemia and asymptomatic glycosuria. These alterations may represent the earliest clinical manifestation of impaired beta cell function. Immunologic markers (ICA and/or AAI) of DMI and abnormalities of the first-phase insulin secretion in response to intravenous glucose also may precede by several months the most common clinical picture of type I diabetes as they were detected in this child. If possible, markers and alterations should be tested in such patients and their young relatives with DMI in order to detect high risk individuals who may develop DMI. Such and accurate predictive ability should be a prerequisite to institution of appropriate therapy to preventing further beta cell destruction and severe metabolic decompensation, thus having the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality from new onset DMI.
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PMID:[The non-insulin-dependent phase of type I diabetes mellitus]. 822 May 8

Oxidative modification of lipoproteins in vessel walls plays a key role in atherogenesis. Patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia) do not develop premature atherosclerosis despite severe hyperlipidemia. We analyzed antioxidative defense and oxidative stress in plasma and serum of patients with GSD Ia (n = 17) compared to patients with type I diabetes mellitus (DMI, n = 17), familial hypercholesterolemia (FH, n = 18), and healthy controls (n = 20). We measured the total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), single antioxidants (sulfhydryl groups, uric acid, vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol, coenzyme Q10), malondialdehyde, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies, lipid profile [cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein (a)], homocysteine, and hemoglobin (Hb)A(1C). TRAP levels were elevated in the GSD Ia group (p <.01) and correlated with elevated uric acid levels (r = 0.72, p =.001). None of the other plasma antioxidants correlated with TRAP levels. DMI patients showed decreased sulfhydryl groups (p <.01) and a reduced ubiquinol-10 fraction (p <.01). Malondialdehyde (p <.001) and oxidized LDL autoantibodies (p <.05) were increased in the diabetic group. In FH patients, parameters of oxidative stress and TRAP did not differ from controls. We conclude that in GSD Ia an increased antioxidative defense in plasma may protect against lipid peroxidation and thus against premature atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that in DMI increased oxidative mechanisms are already present in childhood.
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PMID:Plasma antioxidants in pediatric patients with glycogen storage disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia. 1208 88

The aim was to study the monthly rhythm of birth and clinical onset in 303 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) aged 0-15 years (156 males, 147 females) born between 1980 and 1996 in Ireland and compare to 951,717 infants born in the general population during the same period. Analysis was performed using the cosine fit for rhythm and t-test between the seasons of the year. Whereas the males showed a rhythmic pattern of month of birth, peaking in the summer (p < 0.05), similar to that in the general population, the females showed no seasonal differences in either month of birth or month of onset. A mirror image pattern, nadir in spring and summer (p < 0.01), was observed in month of clinical onset, also only in males. If we assume a viral infectious etiology of DMI, females seem to be less susceptible than males to the environmental infectious influences.
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PMID:Differences between males and females in the seasonality of birth and month of clinical onset of disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Ireland. 1250 65

The aim of this study was to determine whether infrared thermography before and after challenge of the lower leg in cold water may be a useful tool to detect abnormalities in skin blood flow in adolescent asymptomatic patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and to assess the optimal setting of skin temperature measurements. Twenty-five adolescents (10 female, 15 male, mean age 21.2 +/- 6.2 years, body mass index [BMI] 23.0 +/- 2.1 kg/m2) with a duration of DMI of 13.8 +/- 5.4 years and mean HbA1c levels 8.5 +/- 1.3% were compared to age- and sex-matched controls (BMI 22.9 +/- 2.2 kg/m2). Seven defined sites of the lower leg were assessed by infrared thermography before and for 10 min after exposure of the leg to 14 degrees C cold water. As skin temperature before exposure to cold water differs from individual to individual and basal temperature was significantly warmer in patients at the tip of the first (p < 0.05) and fifth (p < 0.05) toe, the rewarming index was calculated in order to compare data. Rewarming indexes of skin temperature during the whole measurement procedure (0-10 min) were significantly lower at the tip of the first (p < 0.05) and fifth (p < 0.01) toes and from minute 2-10 also at the inner ankle (p < 0.05) in patients compared to healthy controls. Rewarming indexes of the other four sites were not significantly different between patients and controls. Infrared thermography of the lower leg after cold water exposure is an easily applicable method and a useful tool to detect abnormalities of skin blood flow in adolescents with DM1 especially at the tips of the first and fifth toes and the inner ankle.
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PMID:Rewarming index of the lower leg assessed by infrared thermography in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 1471 48

External respiratory mechanics was studied in 141 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and 36 healthy controls using computed analysis of flow-volume loop and total body plethysmography. The DM1 patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 consisted of patients without clinical signs of microangiopathic complications; groups 2 and 3 consisted of patients with initial and advanced manifestations of late diabetic syndrome (LDS), respectively; group 4 consisted of patients suffering from severe endocrinopathy with end-stage chronic renal failure. The velocity and volume parameters in groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly from those in the controls. Significant reduction in the vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and total lung capacity was noted in patients with advanced LDS and uremia. Forced expiratory volume in one second decreased in proportion to reduction in lung vital capacity, which did not cause Tiffno index to leave the reference range. The authors came to the conclusion that DMI causes restrictive ventilatory defect, associated with advanced clinical manifestations of microangiopathic alterations.
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PMID:[The condition of external respiratory mechanics in patients with type 1 diabetes]. 1803 70

Type I diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a widespread metabolic disease ofsocial significance due to early disability in youngpatients and reduced life expectancy. One of the DMI complications is CNS lesions resulting in cognitive dysfunction mediated through metabolic disorders. This condition can be partly or completely reversed if diagnosed and treated'at an early stage. The aim of this study was to determine the level ofneurospecific proteins in 58 patients aged 16-30years with type I diabetes mellitus and cognitive disorders in comparison with 29 healthy controls of simnilar age. All the participants underwent neuropsychological testing based on the Montreal scale for rapid screening of cognitive disorders (MoCA-test). Protein S100, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and myelin basic protein served as early markers of cognitive dysfunction. The study revealed an enhanced level of neurospecific proteins that correlated with hyperglycemia and cognitive deficit (MoCA score 26).
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PMID:[The level of neurospecific proteins in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and cognitive disorders]. 2579 Jun 97