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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The state of the complement system was studied in 91 patients with insulin dependent and in 47 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes. A study was made of the quantity of hemolytically effective molecules of some components C2, C4, C3, C5 of classic and factors B and D of alternative pathway of activation. Complement components were studied for control in 51 healthy blood donors. Antigens B8 and B18 of the HLA-histocompatibility system were studied in parallel in 24 patients and 21 donors. A significantly raised level of components C3 and C4, factors B and D was revealed in the patients with insulin dependent diabetes as compared to the controls (p less than 0.05). In non-insulin dependent diabetes C4, factors B and D were significantly raised and the level of C5 was lowered (p less than 0.05). In the patients with insulin dependent diabetes having antigens B18 the level of C3 was raised and the level of C4 was lowered as compared to the controls. The level of factors B and D was also lower than that in the diabetic patients. An analysis of the content of the complement components in 31 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy indicated a decrease in the levels of components C3 and C5 and an increase in the content of C4 (p less than 0.001) as compared to the normal. Diabetes was accompanied by considerable variations as compared to normal values characterizing the state of the complement system and reflecting, to a certain extent, the main features of the pathogenesis of disease.
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PMID:[Levels of various components of the classical and alternative pathways of complement activation in diabetes mellitus patients]. 347 6

HLA-A, B and DR antigens have been investigated in insulin-dependent diabetics and compared to controls in a population of Algerians. A decrease of A1 and DR2 and an increase of Aw 19.2; B8, B18 and especially DR3 were found in diabetics in comparison to controls. The strongest association was found for DR3, which is a good genetic marker of IDD (RR = 8.50) in this population. The frequency of some HLA antigen associations in IDD suggests that the diabetic gene(s) is linked to 2 main haplotypes: Aw 19.2; B18; DR3 and Aw 19.2; B8; DR3. Antigen DR4 was equally represented in IDD (21%) and controls (28.4%), but heterozygote DR3-DR4 was more frequent in diabetics. The relation between IDD and HLA antigens found in the Algerian population is very similar to that described in diabetic Caucasian populations of southern Europe, except for the lack of association with DR4.
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PMID:HLA-A, B, DR antigens and insulin-dependent diabetes in Algerians. 387 11

Examination of transmission of the diabetogenic supratype B18 BfF1 DR3 revealed that this supratype is inherited more frequently than expected from fathers. These data suggest an explanation for increased susceptibility to development and earlier onset of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in offspring of diabetic fathers.
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PMID:Preferential paternal transmission of the diabetogenic supratype marked by HLA B18 BfF1 DR3. 387 59

The families of 41 probands with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR antigens in addition to the complement polymorphisms C2, C4A, C4B, and Bf. All of these loci are encoded on the short arm of human chromosome 6 in a narrow region. Alleles at HLA-B (8, 15, 18, and 40), HLA-DR (3 and 4), and Bf (F1) have been associated with increased relative risk (RR) for IDDM, while HLA-B7 and HLA-DR2 have been associated with decreased RR for IDDM. This study confirms those significant risks in addition to confirming increased risk for the null (silent) allele for C4A (C4AQ0) and a rare C4B variant (C4B2.9). The significantly associated antigens (alleles) and risks were: HLA-B8 (RR = 3.1), HLA-DR3 (RR = 5.2), HLA-DR4 (RR = 4.3), and BfF1 (RR = 7.1), in addition to C4AQ0 (RR = 2.8) and C4B2.9 (RR = 12.6). Significantly low risk was associated only with HLA-DR2 (RR = 0.1). In a recent study, we defined five high-risk haplotypes that were determined solely by HLA-B, Bf, and HLA-DR (B8-BfS-DR3, B8-BfS-DR4, B15-BfS-DR4, B18-BfF1-DR3, and B40-BfS-DR4). By inclusion of information from the complement polymorphism, we have defined in greater detail three of these five high-risk haplotypes. One previously identified haplotype (B40-BfS-DR4) showed no complement clustering, while the rare high-risk haplotype (B8-BfS-DR4) was seen only once in this smaller sample.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Complement and HLA. Further definition of high-risk haplotypes in insulin-dependent diabetes. 398 76

For a preliminary estimation of the prevalence and significance of HLA antigens, tests were carried out on the A and B loci in an unselected group of 107 patients with type 1 diabetes in Bucharest. Monospecific antisera furnished by NIH, Bethesda were used. For HLA-A the following data were obtained: A2 (20.3% of the total specificities); A1 (18.4%); A3 (14.0%); A28 (10.1%). Provisional estimations in the healthy population also indicated HLA-A2 as being more frequent than followed by A30/31, A1, A9, A3. For HLA-B: B7 (38.2%); B5, B12 and B14 (14.0% each); B8 (11.1%). In the healthy subjects, the order was B12, B35, B5, B8 the same as B18, then B7 (which did not exceed 11%). The most frequently encountered haplotypes in the diabetic patients were: A2/B7 (8.4% of the total haplotypes); A3/B7 (6.9%); A1/B7 (6.6%); A10/B7 (3.8%); A9/B7 and A11/B7 (3.6% each). An unexpectedly high frequency of the HLA-B7 antigen was found in group of diabetic patients investigated, contrasting with its assumed "protector" role in the Caucasian population. The frequency of antigen HLA-A3 and haplotype HLA-A3/B7 infringes their listing in the "resistance axis" to diabetes.
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PMID:Testing histocompatibility antigens (loci A and B) in a group of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients in Bucharest. 404 1

Changes in the incidence of the HLA system antigens (A1, A2, A3, A9, A10, A11, A19, A28, A29, B5, B7, B8, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17, B18, B21, B22, B27, B35, B37, B40, B41) was studied in 1134 healthy persons and in 147 patients with diabetes mellitus. In comparison with healthy persons, patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus (62) displayed a significant increase in the incidence of antigens B8, B15, B35, and A10, and patients with adult diabetes mellitus with normal weight (35)--of antigen B8. When adult diabetes mellitus was accompanied by obesity (50) a significant rise in the occurrence of antigen A10 was revealed.
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PMID:[Change in the incidence of HL-A antigens in diabetes mellitus]. 615 26

Thirty-four insulin-dependent diabetics with a coexistent organ-specific autoimmune disease (Graves' disease, primary myxedema, adrenal insufficiency, generalized vitiligo, primary biliary cirrhosis) were compared to 100 insulin-dependent patients in whom no obvious etiology was detectable. The autoimmune group was characterized by a predominance of females, a family history of autoimmune disease, a later age at onset, better glycemic control, low insulin requirement, persistence of ICA, and greater frequency of HLA B8 but not of B18. However, there was a large overlap between the two groups for all these criteria. In addition, a family history of IDD in first degree relatives and the frequency of serum positive for neutralizing anti-Coxsackie B antibodies were identical in the two groups. These results do not justify the separation of this group of patients as having purely autoimmune diabetes, to the exclusion of other etiological factors, whether genetic or viral.
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PMID:Clinical characteristics and etiological markers in insulin-dependent diabetes associated with an organ-specific autoimmune disease. 631 21

The frequency of HLA antigens incidence with due consideration for diabetes type and age of the patient by the disease onset was studied and the index of the relative risk of diabetes development was calculated. In patients with type I diabetes mellitus, a significant increase of B18 antigen incidence and decrease of B7 antigen incidence were observed, as compared to the controls. No association with HLA antigens were detected in type II diabetes. No differences in HLA antigen incidence in type I diabetes mellitus patients who fell ill before 30 and those who fell ill after 30 years of age were recorded. The index of relative risk of the disease development in patients with type I diabetes is higher in the presence of B18 and lower in the presence of B7 antigens.
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PMID:[The HLA system in diabetes mellitus]. 633 52

HLA in 12 unrelated Chinese paediatric patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found to have an increased frequency of BW22, B17 and AW33. BW22 was observed in 5/12 (41.7%) of IDDM patients compared to 40/330 normal unrelated Chinese controls (p less than 0.005, rr = 5.2). AW33 and B17 were observed in 6/12 (50.0%) and 7/12 (58.3%) of IDDM patients respectively, compared to 36/330 and 46/330 in the normal controls respectively (AW33: corrected p less than 0.0026, RR = 8.2, B17: corrected p less than 0.0026, rr = 8.6). HLA B8, B15 and B18 did not demonstrate any significant association with IDDM in this series of patients. The results of this study further emphasize the well recognized race specificity in HLA antigen distribution in normal population as well as disease states.
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PMID:HLA system in Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 634 63

Present knowledge regarding the HLA system and the association between HLA antigens and insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed. The heterogeneity of diabetes, immunogenetically speaking, is emphasized. Results are reported for HLA typing in 18 cases of known IDDM recently diagnosed and observed at the Karen Bruni Diabetes Center in approximately one year (1981-82). The frequency of HLA antigens B7, B8 (in linkage disequilibrium with DR3), B15 (in linkage disequilibrium with DR4) and B18 was examined in comparison with a Piemontese control group. The X2 method was used for calculating the relative risk and statistic importance of the intensity of association. IDDM susceptibility in association with HLA-B18 was confirmed and resulted significantly higher in our cases in respect to controls. Correlations without, however, reliable importance, have also been found between HLA-B8 and B15. IDDM protection by HLA-B7 was not confirmed. Diabetes began during the winter, from October to February, in 10 out of 18 cases, and some were positively related to a previous respiratory viral infection. Previous virus infection was found in three B7-positive cases. The more frequent arousal of diabetic symptoms during the winter in subjects positive for HLA-B8 and B18 was confirmed in 7 out of 8 cases. This work demonstrates the current practicability of HLA typing of recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic in a Diabetes Center. This element helps to a more correct classification--on a subclinical basis--of initial cases of type 1 and 2 diabetes and can be used for possible problems during the course of insulin therapy.
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PMID:[The HLA system and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A review and personal studies]. 638 59


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