Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Insulin resistance characterizes non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM). Insulin resistance may coexist in clinical syndromes with hyperestrogenism and hyperandrogenism, suggesting that the ovary may be sensitive to effects of insulin. In addition, insulin-like growth factor-I receptors, which are capable of binding insulin, have been identified in ovarian cancer tissue and are proposed to regulate cell growth. We evaluated the association between a history of diabetes mellitus and ovarian cancer in a case-control study in seven counties in Washington and in Utah (United States) during the years 1975-87. Cases included women newly diagnosed with ovarian cancer over a five-year period who were identified through population-based cancer reporting. Controls similar to cases with regard to age and county of residence were identified via household surveys or random digit dialing. The study included 595 cases and 1,587 controls. Twenty-seven cases (4.5 percent) and 72 controls (4.5 percent) reported a history of diabetes. Logistic regression analysis of the association between diabetes and ovarian cancer controlling for age, body mass index, and race resulted in an odds ratio (OR) of 0.9 (95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 0.6-1.5). The OR was not changed with further controlling for prior oral contraceptive use or prior pregnancy. None of the 20 women with nonepithelial tumors (15 of which were stromal tumors) had a history of diabetes (upper CI = 4.0). These results, together with findings of two earlier cohort studies, do not support the hypothesis that diabetes is a risk factor for epithelial ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Is diabetes mellitus a risk factor for ovarian cancer? A case-control study in Utah and Washington (United States). 881 36

Injectable gallium (Ga) nitrate, approved in the United States for the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy, has been known for more than 2 decades to have immunosuppressive properties. At therapeutic doses, it has few adverse effects, although high-dose infusions may result in severe nephrotoxicity, particularly in patients who are not adequately hydrated, and severe anemia. In animal models, Ga has been shown to have efficacy in the treatment of adjuvant arthritis, type 1 diabetes, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, experimental pulmonary inflammation, cardiac allograft rejection, experimental autoimmune uveitis, endotoxic shock, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy in Paget's disease of bone and activity against some malignancies, including epithelial ovarian carcinoma, non-squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, bladder cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Other clinical trials underway include studies of sarcoidosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Future studies should be conducted not only in other autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, but also in graft-versus-host disease, leprosy, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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PMID:Therapeutic uses of gallium nitrate: past, present, and future. 1132 18