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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A number of recent studies suggest that diabetes mellitus confers a high risk for the development of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. In order to test this hypothesis, 56 women with IDDM and 60 non-diabetic female controls were studied. All subjects completed the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE). The subjects were interviewed in order to obtain clinical and demographic information as well as to determine test validity. The DSM-III-R criteria of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa were used. Four items were removed from the original EAT in order to eliminate possible bias related to IDDM. The results did not support the hypothesis that eating disturbances occur more frequently in IDDM-patients. Six criteria are proposed to improve the methodological standards of future studies in order to facilitate comparison of results.
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PMID:Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a risk factor in anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa? An empirical study of 116 women. 223 87

We have compared the prevalence of Eating Disorders in a population of 69 out-patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus including a sample of diabetic young women (average year: 23 years) with two control populations (45 medicine out-patients and 54 girl students). The diabetic population didn't present no more eating disorders--measured by self-report questionnaires (EAT, BITE) than the control population. In a sample of 40 diabetic subjects--having participated in a diagnostic structured interview (LENTCA) based on DSM-III-R criteria: nobody has anorexia nervosa, one woman has bulimia nervosa, the lifetime prevalence of bulimia nervosa not otherwise specified was 21% for men and 43% for women. Bulimia Disorders--measured by self report questionnaire (BITE) and noncompliance were linked with poor glycemic control.
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PMID:[Eating disorders and metabolic balance in a population++ of young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes]. 761 27

This study was designed to assess (by means of a diagnostic interview based on DSM-III-R criteria) the prevalence of eating disorders in 69 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) out-patients, and the relationship with somatic risks. We found no cases of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, current or lifetime, in male patients with IDDM. No female patients with IDDM had anorexia, and 4.8% had current and lifetime bulimia. Eating disorders not otherwise specified (bulimic type) were significantly more frequent in women than in men (lifetime incidence 43% vs. 21%; current incidence 33% vs. 5%), and generally occurred after the onset of IDDM. Self-reports of bulimic behaviours according to the Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh (BITE) were associated with high levels of glycosylated haemoglobin. There was no association between eating disorders (current or lifetime), with somatic complications being more likely to be explained by a long duration of illness and impaired glycaemic control.
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PMID:Eating disorders and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): relationships with glycaemic control and somatic complications. 954 9

Because diet is a key issue in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, it is assumed that these patients are prone to eating disorders. In a multicenter study, we have therefore assessed the prevalence of eating disorders in 662 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 340) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 322). A two-stage study combining self-rating questionnaires and a standardized interview was carried out. We found a prevalence of eating disorders of 5.9% (lifetime prevalence of 10%), irrespective of gender and type of diabetes; 4.1% of the whole sample reported intentional insulin undertreatment or omission. When patients were stratified according to IDDM and NIDDM, there was no difference in the prevalence of all eating disorders (point prevalence 5.5% vs. 6.5%, lifetime prevalence 10.0% vs. 9.9%). Prevalence of bulimia nervosa (BN) was more frequent in IDDM patients (point prevalence 1.5% vs. 0.3%, lifetime prevalence 3.2% vs. 1.9%) and binge eating (BED) was more frequent in NIDDM patients (point prevalence 1.8% vs. 3.7%, lifetime prevalence 2.6% vs. 5.9%). We conclude that eating disorders seem to be equally frequent in IDDM and NIDDM patients. However, there might be different features of eating disorders in both types of diabetes.
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PMID:Diabetes mellitus and eating disorders: a multicenter study on the comorbidity of the two diseases. 958 92

The eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have been reported to occur in Type I diabetes mellitus. Although prevalence estimates vary, the most rigorous studies yield rates similar to the population at large. Intentional insulin omission is more common, especially in young diabetic women, and at times may indicate an eating disorder in Type I diabetic patients. Both diagnosable eating disorders and intentional insulin omission are associated with worse glycemic control and higher rates of secondary diabetic complications. Recognition of these conditions, followed by carefully coordinated treatment involving both diabetes care providers and mental health providers, is necessary to improve treatment outcome.
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PMID:Eating disorders and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 966 70

In this study the prevalence of eating disorders in a population-based cohort of 89 female patients with type 1 diabetes, 14-18 y of age, was compared with that in age-matched healthy controls. Of all diabetic girls in the study area, 92% participated in the study. The majority were treated with multiple insulin injections and the mean HbA1c of the participants was 8.4%. On average, diabetic girls were 6.8 kg heavier than the controls. A two-stage design was used. The first consisted of a validated self-report questionnaire, the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). Girls who had high scores were then interviewed about eating habits and mental health using a semistructured interview, the BAB-T (Assessment of Anorexia-Bulimia - Teenager version). No cases of anorexia or bulimia nervosa were found, but 15 diabetic patients (16.9%) compared with 2 control girls (2.2%), p<0.01, had disturbed eating behaviour according to the questionnaire. In 6 of these 15 diabetic girls an eating disorder was confirmed at the interview, mainly binge eating and self-induced vomiting. None of the control girls showed an eating disorder. Overweight diabetic girls scored higher on EDI than non-overweight diabetic girls (chi2 = 4.9; p = 0.038). No relationships were found between EDI scores and metabolic control (HbA1c), dose of insulin, frequency of hypoglycaemia or diabetic ketoacidosis.
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PMID:Eating disorders in adolescent girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a population-based case-control study. 1010 40

Although the causes of eating disorders remain unclear, epidemiological evidence suggests that peripubertal changes in body shape and weight predispose young women to develop unhealthy eating attitudes. A psychiatric diagnosis of an eating disorder can be made in up to 10% of young women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes). Eating disorders, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, pose a particularly serious risk to health in young diabetic people. Several features associated with type 1 diabetes and its treatment, such as weight gain, dietary restraint and food preoccupation, may predispose young diabetic women to develop a clinical or subclinical eating disorder. The coexistence of these conditions could lead to poor metabolic control and an increased risk of microvascular complications.
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PMID:Eating disorders in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 1043 48

Adolescent and young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus demonstrate a more than random coincidence with bulimia nervosa. However, the prevalence of eating disorders that do not fulfil the criteria of bulimia nervosa is also raised in women of this age group yet without diabetes mellitus. The comorbidity of type 1 diabetes and an eating disorder poses a risk factor in the development of diabetic follow-up diseases. Patients with an eating disorder and type 1 diabetes are characterized by an insufficient metabolic control and the early development of diabetic complications such as a retinopathy. The binge eating disorder, according to research aspects initially a new eating disorder entity, may especially be observed in overweight and obesity. Even if a binge eating disorder in persons with a type 2 diabetes does not occur more frequently than in those metabolically healthy persons, it does depict a risk factor for an accelerated weight gain which as rule involves an increase of insulin resistance.
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PMID:[Eating disorders and diabetes mellitus]. 1694 95

Binge eating disorder is one of the most frequent comorbid mental disorders associated with overweight and obesity. Binge eating disorder patients often suffer from other mental disorders and longitudinal studies indicate a continuous weight gain during the long-term course. As in other eating disorders gender is a risk factor, but the proportion of male binge eating disorder patients is surprisingly high.In young women with type 1 diabetes the prevalence of subclinical types of bulimia nervosa is increased. In addition, insulin purging as a characteristic compensatory behavior in young diabetic women poses a considerable problem. In patients with type 1 diabetes, disturbed eating and eating disorders are characterized by insufficient metabolic control and early development of late diabetic sequelae. Patients with type 2 diabetes are often overweight or obese. Binge eating disorder does not occur more frequently in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy persons. However, the comorbidity of binge eating disorder and diabetes type 2 is associated with weight gain and insulin resistance. Especially in young diabetic patients a screening procedure for disturbed eating or eating disorders seems to be necessary. Comorbid patients should be offered psychotherapy.
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PMID:[Eating disorders associated with obesity and diabetes]. 2175 Sep 49

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by irregular menses, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. The prevalence of PCOS varies depending on which criteria are used to make the diagnosis, but is as high as 15%-20% when the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria are used. Clinical manifestations include oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hirsutism, and frequently infertility. Risk factors for PCOS in adults includes type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Insulin resistance affects 50%-70% of women with PCOS leading to a number of comorbidities including metabolic syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and diabetes. Studies show that women with PCOS are more likely to have increased coronary artery calcium scores and increased carotid intima-media thickness. Mental health disorders including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder and binge eating disorder also occur more frequently in women with PCOS. Weight loss improves menstrual irregularities, symptoms of androgen excess, and infertility. Management of clinical manifestations of PCOS includes oral contraceptives for menstrual irregularities and hirsutism. Spironolactone and finasteride are used to treat symptoms of androgen excess. Treatment options for infertility include clomiphene, laparoscopic ovarian drilling, gonadotropins, and assisted reproductive technology. Recent data suggest that letrozole and metformin may play an important role in ovulation induction. Proper diagnosis and management of PCOS is essential to address patient concerns but also to prevent future metabolic, endocrine, psychiatric, and cardiovascular complications.
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PMID:Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. 2437 99


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