Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of autoimmune disorders, often Addison's disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and thyroid autoimmunity, frequently occurs together in patients with the autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II (APS-II). The highest risk HLA genotype for Addison's disease, either as a single disease or in APS-II patients, consists of the genotype DR3/4, DQ2/DQ8 with DRB1*0404. As many as 30% of patients with Addison's disease have this genotype versus less than 0.5% of controls. An additional and important associated locus within the HLA region is the class I related gene, MIC-A. Patients who develop Addison's disease often have a delayed diagnosis and may die from Addisonian crisis; therefore, improved genetic testing combined with testing for 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies might allow the identification of relatively high-risk populations (greater than 1 in 200 defined genetic risk compared with 1 in 10,000 population risk).
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PMID:The genetics of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. 1209 55

Unsuccessful titration of endocrine replacement therapy may signify the coexistence of an unrecognized disorder which alters the response to replacement therapy. Examples include recurrent hypoglycaemia when type 1 diabetes mellitus coexists with either Addison's disease or coeliac disease. Recurrent Addisonian crisis occurs when Addison's disease coexists with thyrotoxicosis. Conversely, in a patient with Addison's disease, recognition and treatment of coexisting coeliac disease may facilitate a reduction in corticosteroid dosage.
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PMID:Failed titration of endocrine replacement therapy: diagnostic significance. 2901 34