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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A close correlation between juvenile mellitus and HLA-B8, HLA-BW15 and HLA-CW3 was found. Association of these antigens with juvenile diabetes mellitus was closely dependent on the ages of onset of the disease. Frequencies of BW15 and CW3 showed a remarkably low incidence in the childhood diabetics (0-15 years old) and were found increased in the patients with later (16 years or older) onset diabetes. HLA-B8 frequencies were found increased in all the groups of diabetics with different ages of onset. These findings point to the importance of HLA-B8 in childhood and HLA-B8, BW15 and CW3 in the later onset juvenile onset diabetes mellitus (JOD).
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PMID:Juvenile diabetes mellitus: HLA-antigen frequencies dependent on the age of onset of the disease. 93 67

Humoral immunity to bacterial antigens was tested in 49 tissue typed patients with juvenile onset diabetes mellitus (JOD) and in 50 healthy controls. The number of patients with agglutinins to E. coli and staphylococci was significantly lower compared to controls (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.01 respectively). Missing antibody formation to pertussis and diphtheria toxoid could also be detected in a higher percentage of JOD patients than of controls (p less than 0.05; p congruent to 0.05, respectively). By contrast heteroagglutinins to sheep and rabbit erythrocytes were found in similar proportion in both groups and the values of immunoglobulin serum concentrations showed no difference between patients and controls. In addition no correlation between antibody formation and genes of the HLA complex was found. It is suggested that the severely reduced agglutinin formation to bacteria antigens might be partly responsible for susceptibility to bacterial infections in juvenile diabetics.
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PMID:Humoral immunodeficiency to bacterial antigens in patients with juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. 95 37

In 25 diabetics and 8 controls the insulin hypoglycemia test was performed with subsequent determination of growth hormone secretion by the radioimmunoassay method. The rise of the growth hormone level began earlier and persisted longer in diabetics as compared with controls. Juvenile diabetes was associated with a rapid secretory response of the hormone while in maturity-type diabetes the release of growth hormone in response to stimulation was excessive but delayed. A somewhat lower secretory response was found in diabetes lasting over 5 years as compared with short-lasting diabetes. The observed phenomena were not related to the absolute blood glucose level. Although the phenomenon of growth hormone hypersecretion remains yet to be explained, it seems, however, to be secondary to carbohydrate metabolism disturbance and insulin disorders.
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PMID:Secretion of growth hormone in the insulin test in various forms of diabetes. 95 43

HLA-A and B antigens were determined in 112 patients with insulin-dependent juvenile onset diabetes mellitus, who could be subdivided into "non" and "high responder" to insulin. The data revealed a trend of an association of these diabetes subgroups with only one of the diabetes-associated antigens HLA-B8 and HLA-BW15 and indicated the existence of at least two different genetic constellations for susceptibility to juvenile diabetes mellitus. One form with a strong immune-response to insulin seemed to be associated with HLA-BW 15 and the other form without humoral immunoreactivity to insulin seemed to be associated with the presence of HLA-B8 and the absence of HLA-B7.
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PMID:HLA antigens and immunoresponsiveness to insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 96 73

Cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels were determined in serum from 40 children with diabetes and from controls. Mean cholesterol levels in the children with diabetes (205 +/- 78 mg/dl) were statisically higher than for controls (155 +/- 27 mg/dl), as were mean triglyceride levels (120 +/- 63 vs 85 +/- 23 mg/dl). Eight of the children with diabetes had hypercholesterolemia, five had hypertriglyceridemia, and nine had combined hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Low-density lipoprotein levels were statistically higher and high-density lipoprotein levels statistically lower for children with diabetes compared with control children. Increased urine glucose spillage was found to correlate with higher serum triglyceride levels, suggesting that the elevated triglyceride levels may have been related to diabetes control. With the known association between hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) and between diabetes and CHD, the results of the present study indicate that all children with juvenile diabetes mellitus should have a serum lipid analysis annually.
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PMID:Juvenile diabetes mellitus and serum lipids and lipoprotein levels. 97 14

Intravenous glucose tolerance test(taking the age dependent variabilities of the glucose assimilation into consideration) was performed in 68 blood relations (30 siblings, 19 parents, 19 children) of 19 patients with juvenile onset diabetes mellitus (JODM). In 29,4% of the first degree relatives (in 20% of the siblings, in 42% of the parents and in 31,6% of the children) an abnormal glucose tolerance was found. Four of the siblings presented with insulin dependent JODM. Glucose intolerance was detected more often (42%) in siblings and parents of patients with later onset (after age 25) JODM than in siblings and parents of JODM-patients with onset before age 25 (20%).
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PMID:[Age-corrected analysis of glucose tolerance in blood relations of patients with juvenile onset diabetes mellitus]. 102 Mar 80

In this study, 37 guinea pigs were classified, on the basis of histologic examination of the pancreas, into three categories: nondiabetic, latent diabetic, and overt diabetic. In order to compare the exocrine pancreatic function in these three groups of animals, pancreatic secretion was collected from each animal following an intravenous infusion of secretin and pancreozymin. Pancreatic enzyme activity, bicarbonate concentration, and the total volume of pancreatic secretion were all significantly decreased in guinea pigs with overt diabetes, but not in those with latent diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic histologic changes characteristic of both latent and overt diabetes were beta-cell hyperplasia and generalized fatty degeneration of the acini. Only the animals with overt diabetes showed total degranulation and severe vacuolation of theta-cells. The same type of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction observed in guinea pigs with spontaneous overt diabetes mellitus is found in human diabetics, and is particularly common in the juvenile type. The guinea pig, therefore, appears to be a suitable animal model for the study of human juvenile diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Exocrine pancreatic dysfunction in guinea pigs with diabetes mellitus. 108 36

Adipose tissue cellularity was determined by a microscopic method in 18 men suffering from insulin dependent, juvenile diabetes mellitus for several years. These results were set in relation to the degree of clinical control estimated from the average urinary glucose output or fasting blood glucose during the year preceding the investigation. Furthermore, the results were compared with controls of comparable age and of the same sex. Both young and middleaged diabetic men had smaller fat cells than non-diabetic men. Fat cell size was correlated to the degree of clinical control, small fat cells indicating a poor control. It was suggested that fat cell size might be included as a measure of the long-term metabolic control in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Adipose tissue cellularity in relation to metabolism in juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. 109 82

The effect of juvenile onset diabetes mellitus on quadriceps muscle capillary basement membrane (QCBM) width has been examined by the electron microscopic morphometric method previously developed in this laboratory. The results demonstrate that in this age group QCBM thickening is strongly related to the age of the diabetic subject. As a result, in contrast to the almost constant thickening of QCBM that has consistently been documented in diabetic adults, QCBM hypertrophy is present in only 40 per cent of children with diabetes mellitus. As was previously shown to be the case in adults, in children, too, QCBM thickening is unrelated to the duration of the diabetes. Finally, the finding that QCBM hypertrophy is present at the time of acute onset of juvenile diabetes mellitus in 30 per cent of children, coupled with the fact that this lesion is not affected by duration of hyperglycemia, strongly supports our previous conclusion that diabetic microangiopathy is independent of the hyperglycemia of this disease. On the other hand, barring the possibility that microangiopathy in the pancreas precedes that in muscle, these results represent evidence against the suggestion that basement membrane hypertrophy represents the primary lesion of the diabetic syndrome.
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PMID:Capillary basement membrane width in diabetic children. 111 75

Seventy-three patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus for a mean duration of 42.9 years were retrospectively studied on a multidisciplinary basis. Only three of this group of patients were socially disabled as a result of their long-standing illness. Of all the complications, insulin-induced hypoglycemia was most common. Although diabetic retinopathy was clinically evident in about 75 per cent of patients, only 50 per cent of these seventy-three patients had a significant visual impairment. Nephropathy was apparent in 59 per cent of patients, and neuropathy was demonstrable in half of them. Significant peripheral vascular system impairment was present in 40 per cent and major cardiac complication in 20 percent.
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PMID:Juvenile diabetes mellitus after forty years. 114 May 12


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