Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The work is a clinical report of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) estimations in maternal serum samples of patients with an insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Venous blood samples for AFP estimations wer taken between the 14th and 20th week of pregnancy. In the first line the AFP detections support the diagnosis of open neural tube defects (NTD). On the other side low maternal AFP serum values are suspicious regarding to fetal forms of trisomia. In the present study a radioimmunological method (RIA) was used for AFP determinations (CIS, Paris, France). The acceptance of high AFP concentrations was effected by the 2.5 X median; low concentrations were detected by using the 0.4 X median and 10 micrograms/l respectively. In two cases (0.9%) we found high maternal AFP levels (greater than 2.5 X median). After clinical observation these levels had been caused by an abortion and gemini respectively. There was not any correlation between AFP and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), a standard parameter of metabolic control, and even no correlation to fetal macrosomia and diabetic fetopathia. Ther were no neural tube defects in the time of investigation. Regarding to relative large group of low AFP-levels without fetal chromosomal anomalies, these present results are directing to an enlarged screening programm of fetal forms of trisomia.
 ...
PMID:[Maternal serum AFP screening in type I diabetic patients]. 247 82

Conflicting reports exist on the postprandial response of serum cationic trypsin like immunoreactivity (SCTLI). The purpose of the current study was to examine the postprandial response of SCTLI in healthy persons and in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and relate this to C-peptide secretion. The study was performed on six healthy males 25-40 years old and in nine male IDDM patients 25-38 years old. To all the patients after an overnight fast was given a standardized breakfast. Blood samples were obtained through a butterfly needle inserted into the antecubital vein at 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. Radioimmunoassays were performed using commercially available kits: for SCTLI CIS-SORIN and for C-peptide BIODATA. In healthy persons there was a significant rise of SCTLI concentration at 30 minutes, and C-peptide at 30 and 60 minutes. IDDM patients showed lower basal levels of SCTLI and C-peptide, without any significant changes of SCTLI and C-peptide during the test. We concluded that trypsin appearance in serum closely correlates with endocrine pancreatic function.
 ...
PMID:Postprandial response of serum cationic trypsin-like immunoreactivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 249 Dec 73

Clinical symptoms of type 1 diabetes are preceded by a long period of prediabetes stage characterised by anti-islet antibodies occurrence as well as insulin and C-peptide secretion disturbances. The aim of this study was to define the prognostic value of type 1 diabetes antiislet humoral markers (ICA, anti-GAD, anti-IA2 and IAA) and to find out thresholds for insulin and C-peptide levels at which clinically overt type 1 diabetes develops. Antiislet antibodies, serum C-peptide and insulin were determined in 86 children who, considering their antiislet autoantibodies levels, were classified as prediabetics (mean value of the observation period: 50 months). 8 (9.3%) children, who after a mean time of 35 months of prediabetes stage developed clinically overt type 1 diabetes, were selected from this group. ICA were determined by indirect immunofluorescence; anti-GAD and IAA by radioimmunoprecipitation. C-peptide and insulin levels were evaluated by radioimmunologic assays (CIS Bio International, France). Kaplan-Meier life table analysis revealed pEFS=0.89 after 92 months' observation. The risk of developing diabetes within 80 months was established. For children with positive ICA the risk rate was 0.21, for ICA and anti-GAD positive individuals - 0.39, and for ICA and IA2 positive - 0.74. A significant difference in insulin and C-peptide levels was found between children who developed clinically overt type 1 diabetes and those in prediabetes stage (9.90 vs. 21.45 micro U/ml, p<0.008; 0.34 vs. 0.67 pM/ml, p<0.001 respectively). For both hormones thresholds for high risk of developing clinically overt diabetes were pointed out. Using ROC method the threshold for insulin was determined at 12.9 micro U/ml, for C-peptide at 0.45 pM/ml. Not only the presence and levels of autoantibodies but also the plasma concentrations of C-peptide and insulin are important prognostics of clinical onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
 ...
PMID:[Prognostic value of humoral and metabolic markers as an evaluation of risk for developing type 1 diabetes]. 1283 33