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Query: UMLS:C0011854 (type 1 diabetes)
 20,749 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sensory nerve conduction velocity (NCV) and the vibratory sense (biothesiometry) were determined in 67 children and adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes. Age at onset of diabetes varied between 1-14 years (mean +/- S.D. 6.5 +/- 3.6) and the duration of diabetes between 4-17 years (7.7 +/- 3.4). Within +/- 3 months of the nerve function tests blood was drawn for determination of C-peptide and insulin antibodies (IgG and IRI). A low NCV (less than 50 m/s) in the sural nerve and/or an abnormal vibratory sense (greater than or equal to 1.0 microns) were found in 34 patients (50.7%). Measurable fasting serum C-peptide 0.04-0.60 pmol/ml (0.17 +/- 0.15) was found in 16 patients (23.9%). All but one patients had insulin antibodies with IgG 0.130-11.029 mU/ml (2.957 +/- 2.509) and total IRI 10-9120 muU/ml (1204 +/- 1723). In multiple regression analysis we did not find any correlation between nerve function and sex, age, or age at onset of diabetes, and there was only a weak relationship between NCV and duration. However, there was a positive correlation between NCV and C-peptide (p less than 0.001). Vibration sense was also better among patients with C-peptide (p less than 0.05). The results support the view that insulin deficiency contributes to peripheral diabetic neuropathy.
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PMID:Sensory nerve conduction velocity and vibratory sensibility in juvenile diabetics. Relationship to endogenous insulin. 52 41

Population studies in Israel have shown that Jews born in Europe or America have the highest prevalence of juvenile diabetes mellitus and Jews born in Asia or Africa, the lowest. The rate in the Israel born, regardless of the father's place of birth, is intermediate between those of the other two groups. The rates for the group from Europe/American and for the Israel-born group increased during the years 1963-68, while that for the Asia/Africa group did not change. It is speculated that the differences in the rates of juvenile diabetes mellitus are related to different frequencies of certain HLA antigens in the different groups or to different associations with susceptibility genes to juvenile diabetes.
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PMID:Juvenile diabetes mellitus. 52 82

Schmidt's syndrome (thyroid and adrenal insufficiency) and concurrent diabetes mellitus represent an intriguing multiple endocrinopathy in children. This report describes an eleven-year-old girl with diabetes of eight years' duration presenting in adrenal crisis. Serum thyroxine was undetectable, and antibodies to both thyroglobulin and adrenal tissue were found in high titer. The child's condition stabilized with hormonal replacement therapy, except for persistent growth failure. Approximately two years later she succumbed during a rapidly fulminant episode of ketoacidosis. The natural history of her illness supports recent speculation based on serologic data that juvenile diabetes mellitus may be an immunologic disorder in some children.
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PMID:Schmidt's syndrome in a child with diabetes mellitus. 55 85

Hypothyroidism in patients with diabetes mellitus is usually primary though rarely secondary hypothyroidism has occurred. An 11 6/12 year old white female developed diabetes mellitus at 8 6/12 years of age. She received treatment up to 40 units NPH daily with adequate control and normal growth. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed after a 3 month history of lethargy, constipation, dryness of skin and decreasing insulin requirement to 10 units NPH per day. Physical examination was entirely normal, except for dry skin. Serum levels of free thyroxine, thyroxine, T3 resin uptake, were low as was 131I uptake. Primary hypothyroidism was ruled out by the absence of goitre, absent antithyroid antibodies, low basal TSH levels and increased 131I uptake after TSH administration. Serum TSH levels rose 4-fold in respone to intravenous TRH administration. The patient was treated with 0.15 mg daily of L-thyroxine with very good response. This report describes a patient with juvenile diabetes mellitus and isolated TSH deficiency with hypothyroidism of probably hypothalamic origin, an association not previously described in children.
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PMID:Isolated thyrotrophin deficiency in diabetes mellitus. 57 89

Clinicopathologic studies of four patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus and renal disease demonstrated the pathogenetic variability of nephropathy in diabetic patients. Only in one patient was the clinical nephropathy associated with the typical diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Another patient had steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome superimposed on minimal diabetic glomerulosclerosis. A third patient had steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome associated with mild diabetic glomerulosclerosis and with later appearance of Grave's disease. The fourth patient, in addition to moderate diabetic glomerulosclerosis had prominent tubulointerstitial nephritis, the latter probably being responsible for the rapidly declining renal function. The poor prognosis associated with diabetic nephropathy warrants a careful search for other potentially treatable causes of nephropathy in patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Etiologic variability of nephropathy in juvenile diabetes mellitus. 58 80

Nine patients with the syndrome of juvenile diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy exemplified the wide range of manifestations of this syndrome. The disease may occur as a recessively inherited or sporadic disorder and tends to have multi-system involvement. Hearing loss, diabetes insipidus, and evidence of cerebellar or central vesitbulo-ocular dysfunction are common.
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PMID:Juvenile diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy. 58 96

Spontaneous diabetes mellitus, observed in a colony of guinea pigs, parallels in many ways the syndrome known as juvenile diabetes mellitus in man: elevated blood glucose levels; reproductive dysfunction in the female; degranulation and severe cytoplasmic vacuolation of beta cells, severe fatty degeneration of acinar cells, and hyperplasia of the islets of the pancreas; and a high frequency of abnormal pancreatic secretions. Islet-cell necrosis and insulinitis usually seen in viral infections was not observed. Microangiopathy, another characteristic of juvenile diabetes mellitus in man was demonstrated as a significant increase in the thickness of the basal membranes in peripheral capillaries. A glomerular lesion encountered in some of the diabetic guinea pigs was shown to be similar to the glomerular sclerosis seen in human diabetics. Although a definitive etiologic agent was not identified, the disease was clearly contagious in origin.
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PMID:The guinea pig as an animal model of diabetes mellitus. 59 30

HLA-B8 and HLA-Bw15, two antigens associated with juvenile diabetes mellitus in Caucasians of North Europe, have a very low frequency in Sardinian population, who nevertheless have a high frequency of diabetes. The association between diabetes and HLA in Sardinian population has therefore been investigated in 60 patients with diabetes, mellitus (32 with juvenile diabetes and 28 with maturity onset diabetes) and 96 normal, unrelated random controls. No disturbance of HLA distributions was found in maturity onset diabetes, but the frequencies of B8 and Bw35 were increased among juvenile diabetics (18.7 percent and 28.1 percent respectively, compared with 2.0 and 11.4 percent in healthy controls). B18 antigen frequency was also increased, although not significantly, in juvenile diabetes mellitus (65.6 percent compared with 50 percent in controls). In contrast the frequency of HLA-Bw15 in two groups of diabetics differed little from that of controls.
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PMID:HLA antigens in Sardinian patients with diabetes mellitus. 59 67

The techniques of management by objective have been used to coordinate and evaluate the activities of a non-traditional program for the medical care and education of children with juvenile diabetes mellitus. "Diabetic Day" is an ambulatory child-directed clinic program in which health professionals work together to improve the child's ability to cope with diabetes.
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PMID:Diabetic day. Setting goals for a child-directed ambulatory program. 61 97

Thirty-eight patients with juvenile diabetes mellitus, aged 21-77, were tested for platelet aggregation in vitro. Vascular complications were found in 20 patients with diabetic retinopathy in 16 of these. All patients received their usual dose of insulin in the morning on the day of the examinations, where were carried out shortly before a 2--3 hours after lunch. Ninety normal controls were tested at the same time of day. The aggregation was estimated turbidometrically and defined by the threshold concentration of adenosine diphosphate or adrenaline that produced a secondary aggregation with a light transmission not less than 80% of that given by the platelet-poor plasma. No significant differences could be demonstrated in platelet aggregation between the normal controls and the patients with diabetes mellitus or any subgroup of these. No correlation was found between the threshold concentrations and the plasma levels of glucose or beta-hydroxybutyric acid.
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PMID:Platelet aggregation in diabetes mellitus. 62 7


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