UMLS:C0011849 - FACTA Search

Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Target Concepts:

Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experimental diabetes is one of the most popular conditions in which to study the relation between neutrophil leukocyte activity and periodontal destruction. The aetiology of neutrophil dysfunction in the gingival tissue associated with diabetes has yet to be clarified. Diabetes in rats decreases neutrophil chemotactic activity in proportion to the severity of this systemic disorder. The present study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between the severity of diabetes and the neutrophil response to two chemotactic agents, and to correlate the observed neutrophil defects with the degree of diabetes. In this study two chemotactic agents, casein (0.2 microl, 2 mg ml(-1)) or N-formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (FMLP; 0.2 microl, 10(-4) M), were placed into the gingival crevices of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Gingival biopsies were taken 15 min later and then at 5-min intervals up to 45 min and investigated by electron microscopy. Adherence and migration were observed in the rats with moderate diabetes 30 min after the application of casein. There was chemotaxis after 35 min of administration of the peptide FMLP. By 40 min neutrophils with pyknotic nuclei were observed. At 45 min neutrophils with a decreased number of granules were present. As the severity of the diabetes increased, the neutrophils degenerated and were structurally distorted. In the rats which had alloxan-induced diabetes there was abnormal periodontal damage. This damage is thought to be related to dysfunctional neutrophils. These findings many contribute to an answer to the following question: why is there an apparent variability in the susceptibility of periodontal breakdown in diabetics?
...
PMID:The investigation of the ultrastructural neutrophil changes in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats: response to a chemotactic challenge. 1502 96

The purpose of this study was to assess the humoral immune response to cow's milk proteins in Iranian children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Eighty children aged 4-17 yr with T1DM from two centres in Iran (the Iranian Association of Diabetes in Tehran and Center for Diabetes Research in Hamedan), 37 apparently healthy siblings of diabetic patients (related controls), 82 apparently healthy age- and sex- matched controls (unrelated controls), and 32 patients aged 11-15 yr with auto-immune thyroiditis were examined for specific whole antibodies (Igs), IgG, and IgM to the major proteins found in cow's milk or to ovo-albumin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A crude extract was made from 2.5% fat pasteurized cow's milk. This extract, together with individual commercial major proteins of cow's milk, was then used as antigen to evaluate the humoral immune response of the subjects to the individual proteins found in cow's milk or to cow's milk as a whole. A questionnaire on medical history, duration of exclusive and non-exclusive breast-feeding and daily intake of dairy products was completed before blood sampling. Diabetic children had significantly higher serum levels of Igs, IgG and IgM to the proteins found in cow's milk than unrelated healthy controls (p<0.001). Healthy siblings of diabetic patients, compared to unrelated controls, had significantly higher levels of serum Igs and IgG to cow's milk proteins (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Serum levels of Igs and IgG to the cow's milk proteins showed a significantly negative correlation with duration of non-exclusive breast-feeding but positive correlation with daily intake of dairy products. These correlations were stronger when calculated just within the T1DM group. In this group, serum levels of IgM to cow's milk proteins also showed a positive correlation with daily intake of dairy products. Though serum levels of IgG to casein were insignificantly higher in diabetic children than in healthy controls, there was a significant negative correlation between serum levels of IgG to casein and duration of non-exclusive breast-feeding. Again in the T1DM group, this correlation was stronger. There was no significant difference in serum levels of Igs, IgG or IgM to other major proteins of cow's milk or to ovo-albumin between groups. It was concluded that though high levels of Igs or IgG were found to cow's milk proteins, especially casein, it seems unrelated to the early introduction of cow's milk into an infant diet and the onset of T1DM in Iranian subjects.
Diabetes Nutr Metab 2004 Apr
PMID:Serum antibodies to the major proteins found in cow's milk of Iranian patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. 1524 98

The obese Zucker rat is a valuable model for studying kidney disease associated with obesity and diabetes. Previous studies have shown that substitution of animal protein with soy ameliorates the progression of renal disease. To explore the participation of nitric oxide (NO) and caveolin-1 in this protective effect, we evaluated proteinuria, creatinine clearance, renal structural lesions, nitrites and nitrates urinary excretion (UNO(2)(-)/NO(3)V), and mRNA and protein levels of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS), and caveolin-1 in lean and fatty Zucker rats fed with 20% casein or soy protein diet. After 160 days of feeding with casein, fatty Zucker rats developed renal insufficiency, progressive proteinuria, and renal structural lesions; these alterations were associated with an important fall of UNO(2)(-)/NO(3)V, changes in nNOS and eNOS mRNA levels, together with increased amount of eNOS and caveolin-1 present in plasma membrane proteins of the kidney. In fatty Zucker rats fed with soy, we observed that soy diet improved renal function, UNO(2)(-)/NO(3)V, and proteinuria and reduced glomerulosclerosis, tubular dilation, intersticial fibrosis, and extracapilar proliferation. Renal protection was associated with reduction of caveolin-1 and eNOS in renal plasma membrane proteins. In conclusion, our results suggest that renal protective effect of soy protein appears to be mediated by improvement of NO generation and pointed out to caveolin-1 overexpression as a potential pathophysiological mechanism in renal disease.
...
PMID:Renal protection by a soy diet in obese Zucker rats is associated with restoration of nitric oxide generation. 1532 66

Fish protein (FP) effect compared to casein (CAS) was studied on blood pressure (BP) evolution and glycemia in part, and on plasma lipid, angiotensine II and aldosterone concentrations and urinary aldosterone on the other hand, in SHR and in SHR with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (SHR-STZ). Two groups of rats (6 SHR and 6 SHR-STZ) were fed for 2 months diet containing 20% CAS or 20% FP. One month before sacrifice, diabetes was induced into one group of rats by a single intraperitonealy injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The results showed that FP diminished blood pressure (-9%) in SHR, compared with CAS. In contrast, FP enhanced significantly blood pressure in SHR-STZ vs SHR (p<0.01). There was no effect on glycemia with fish protein. FP compared to CAS involved a diminution (-41%) and (-17%) of total cholesterol and (-26%) and (-9%) of phospholipids in SHR and SHR-STZ, respectively. Moreover, a decrease of triacylglycerols (-21%) was noted in SHR-STZ with FP vs CAS. In SHR, plasma aldosterone and angiotensine II concentrations were reduced (-62%) and (-64%) and urinary aldosterone amounts were enhanced with FP compared to CAS (p<0.05). In SHR-STZ group, aldosterone value was fivefold lower in plasma and twofold higher in urine with FP compared to CAS. A significant enhancement of urinary aldosterone was noted in SHR-STZ vs SHR whatever diet-consumed. In conclusion, FP has a beneficial effect on blood pressure by modulating the hypertension markers i.e. plasma total cholesterol, angiotensine II and aldosterone, in SHR group, and on total cholesterol and triglycerids in SHR-STZ. FP reduces plasma aldosterone by its enhanced urinary excretion. It is necessary to specify the action mode of FP in order to propose it as nutritional complement in the degenerative diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.
...
PMID:[Effect of fish protein on blood pressure, glycemia and plasma and urinary parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and diabetic SHR]. 1550 56

In diabetes-prone BioBreeding rats, an enteropathy often precedes the onset of auto-immune insulitis. The present study draws attention to quantitative and qualitative alterations of intestinal mucins in this animal model of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Male and female diabetes-resistant (BBc) and diabetes-prone (BBdp) BioBreeding rats fed, from one to two weeks after weaning onwards, either a plant-based diabetes-promoting diet (NTP) or a hydrolysed casein diabetes-protective diet (HC), were sacrificed at 11-14 weeks of age. Proteins and total mucins, as well as acid and neutral mucins, were measured in a segment of the intestinal tract, located 25-30 cm below the pylorus. No significant difference between BBc and BBdp rats was found when fed the HC diet. However, the NTP diet lowered both total and neutral mucins, whilst failing to affect significantly acidic mucins. The effects of the NTP diet were more pronounced in BBdp rats than in BBc rats. It is speculated that the quantitative and qualitative changes evoked by the NTP diet in BBdp rats may play a role in the alteration of gut permeability found under the same experimental conditions.
...
PMID:Quantitative and qualitative alterations of intestinal mucins in BioBreeding rats. 1558 35

We examined the effects of intake of Korean foxtail millet protein (FMP) on plasma levels of lipid, glucose, insulin, and adiponectin in genetically type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. When mice were fed a normal FMP diet or a high-fat-high-sucrose diet containing FMP for 3 weeks, in both experiments plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and adiponectin increased remarkably in comparison with a casein diet group, whereas concentrations of insulin decreased greatly and that of plasma glucose was comparable to that in the casein diet group. Considering the role of adiponectin, insulin, and HDL-cholesterol in diabetes, atherosclerosis, and obesity, it appears likely that FMP may improve insulin sensitivity and cholesterol metabolism through an increase in adiponectin concentration. Therefore, FMP would serve as another beneficial food component in obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
...
PMID:Effects of dietary protein of Korean foxtail millet on plasma adiponectin, HDL-cholesterol, and insulin levels in genetically type 2 diabetic mice. 1566 64

This study deals with the enteropathy recently identified in diabetes-prone BB rats (BBdp). Diabetes-resistant BB rats (BBc) and BBdp rats were fed from days 32-39 onward either a protective diabetes-retardant hydrolyzed casein diet (HC) or a plant-based diabetogenic (NTP) diet. The NTP diet decreased body weight and plasma insulin in BBc and BBdp rats. The BBdp rats displayed low intestinal invertase and increased intestinal peroxidase activity. In the BBdp rats fed the HC diet, the mucin content 30-35 cm below the pylorus was higher and the gut permeability lower than in the other three rat groups. There was a significant inverse correlation between gut permeability and the insulinogenic index in the BBdp rats fed the HC or NTP diet. Thus, in BBdp rats, the HC diet somehow prevents the increase in gut permeability and the decrease in the insulinogenic index otherwise found in some of these diabetes-prone animals.
...
PMID:Gut permeability and intestinal mucins, invertase, and peroxidase in control and diabetes-prone BB rats fed either a protective or a diabetogenic diet. 1574 84

Compelling epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that a suboptimal environment during fetal and neonatal development in both humans and animals may programme offspring susceptibility to later development of several chronic diseases including obesity and diabetes in which altered carbohydrate metabolism plays a central role. One of the most interesting and significant features of developmental programming is the evidence from several studies that the adverse consequences of altered intrauterine environments can be passed transgenerationally from mother (F0) to daughter (F1) to second generation offspring (F2). We determined whether when F0 female rats are exposed to protein restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation their F1 female pups deliver F2 offspring with in vivo evidence of altered glucose and insulin metabolism. We fed F0 virgin Wistar rats a normal control 20% casein diet (C) or a protein restricted isocaloric diet (R) containing 10% casein during pregnancy. F1 female R pups weighed less than C at birth. After delivery, mothers received C or R diet during lactation to provide four F1 offspring groups CC (first letter pregnancy diet and second lactation diet), RR, CR and RC. All F1 female offspring were fed ad libitum with C diet after weaning and during their first pregnancy and lactation. As they grew female offspring (F1) of RR and CR mothers exhibited low body weight and food intake with increased sensitivity to insulin during a glucose tolerance test at 110 days of postnatal life. Male F2 CR offspring showed evidence of insulin resistance. In contrast RC F2 females showed evidence of insulin resistance. Sex differences were also observed in F2 offspring in resting glucose and insulin and insulin: glucose ratios. These sex differences also showed differences specific to stage of development time window. We conclude that maternal protein restriction adversely affects glucose and insulin metabolism of male and female F2 offspring in a manner specific to sex and developmental time window during their mother's (the F1) fetal and neonatal development.
...
PMID:Sex differences in transgenerational alterations of growth and metabolism in progeny (F2) of female offspring (F1) of rats fed a low protein diet during pregnancy and lactation. 1586 May 32

Diet is known to modulate the development of diabetes in diabetes-prone BioBreeding (BBdp) rats. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of fermentable fibre (FF) on immune function in BBdp and diabetes-resistant BioBreeding (BBdr) rats after weaning. Weanling BBdp (thirty-six to thirty-eight per diet) and BBdr rats (thirty to thirty-two per diet) were fed a nutritionally complete, semi-purified, casein-based diet containing either cellulose (control diet, 8 % w/w) or FF (3.2 % cellulose+4.8 % w/w inulin). At 35 d, the small intestine was excised and lymphocytes isolated from spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. Feeding FF to both BBdr and BBdp rats affected the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines (P=0.02). In BBdr rats, feeding FF compared with cellulose resulted in an increased small intestinal length (P=0.0031), higher proliferative (stimulation) index from both splenocytes (P=0.001) and mesenteric lymph nodes (P=0.04), and an increased proportion of CD8+ T-cells in the Peyer's patches (P=0.003). We did not observe an effect of diet on the number of IgA-bearing cells in the jejunum from BBdr rats. Feeding FF to BBdp rats did not affect the same parameters. BBdp rats had both a higher proportion of B-cells in the Peyer's patches (P=0.01) and a higher number of IgA+ cells in the jejunum (P=0.0036) when fed a diet containing FF, a response not observed in BBdr rats. We demonstrate that several aspects of the BBdp immune system respond differently than that of BBdr rats when challenged at weaning with FF.
...
PMID:Diabetes-prone BioBreeding rats do not have a normal immune response when weaned to a diet containing fermentable fibre. 1597 63

The aim of this study was to investigate Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus of diabetic rats. The action of dietary soy protein on the effect produced by diabetes on this activity was also tested. Forty-nine-day-old Wistar were divided into two groups: diabetes streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) and control (citrate solution). Rats were sacrificed 56 days later. In other set of experiments, rats received a dietary with casein (control) from day 21 to the 49 of postnatal-age and were subjected to diabetes or received citrate (control). One week later, rats received a special dietary with soy protein with isoflavones or casein (control) from day 56 to the 105 of postnatal-age. Results showed that diabetic rats presented a reduction ( approximately 40%) of Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity in all structures studied. Pretreatment with soy protein prevented the inhibitory effects of diabetes on the enzyme activity. Assuming the possibility that these effects might also occur in the human condition, our findings may be relevant to explain, at least in part, the neurologic dysfunction associated with diabetes and might support a novel therapeutic strategy (soy protein) to slow the progression of neurodegeneration in this disorder.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005 Aug
PMID:Dietary soy prevents brain Na+, K(+)-ATPase reduction in streptozotocin diabetic rats. 1600 58

<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>