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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The interaction of cholecystokinin (CCK-33) and its fragments, C-terminal octapeptide (CCK-8) and C-terminal tetrapeptide (CCK-4) with norepinephrine (NE) was studied in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. The rats, male Wistar, were divided into three groups: control, diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic. Twenty-eight days after STZ administration, the systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, heart rate and the function of the heart isolated by the Langendorff method were studied. NE caused a rise in systolic blood pressure in the control and insulin-treated diabetic rats, the opposite effect of NE was observed in diabetic rats. NE had no effect on heart rate in any of the groups studied. CCK-33 potentiated the hypertensive effect of NE in the control rats reduced the hypertensive effect of this amine in diabetic rats treated with insulin and its hypotensive effect in the diabetic rats. CCK-8 did not change the NE effect on arterial blood pressure in the control and insulin-treated diabetic rats but did reduce the hypotension caused by NE in diabetic rats. CCK-4 did not change the effects of NE in any of the groups. NE induced an increase in cardiac contraction amplitude in all rats but its positive inotropic action was found to be the weakest in the diabetic rats. Administration of CCK-33 did not change the positive inotropic effect of NE in any of the groups but did, however, weaken its influence on heart rate in diabetic rats and insulin-treated diabetic rats. CCK-8 reduced the positive inotropic action of NE but did not affect its chronotropic effect. CCK-4 had no effect on the action of NE in any of the groups. Diabetes can change the response of alpha-adrenergic system to CCK-33 and NE. Insulin partially normalized the circulatory system response in the diabetic rats.
Pol J Pharmacol Pharm
PMID:The interaction of cholecystokinin and its fragments with norepinephrine in the circulatory system of diabetic rats. 257 26

The authors evaluated the effectiveness of treatment by means of constant subcutaneous insulin infusions (CPWI) in patients with diabetes staying in hospital. The infusions were made by means of portable insulin pumps (Microjet Bolus 1, Microjet Bolus 2 and Promedos E 1). The therapy was applied in a group of 15 patients with diabetes admitted to hospital because of symptoms of uncontrolled diabetes, among them 3 patients with diabetes freshly diagnosed. After 2-3 days of infusions 12 patients had glycaemia level approached to the physiological level. Only in one case of diabetes with significant resistance to insulin, the physicians were not able to control the diabetes. After 4-9 days of CPWI, patients who had been given conventional insulin injection had their insulin day demand reduced by 11-33%. In 4 cases the insulin demand had been established by means of Biostator GCIIS, after the introduction of the pumps the demand decreased by 40 +/- 5%, when the open loop system was applied. The above results suggest that the use of constant subcutaneous insulin infusion by means of a dosimeter may be recommended as a method of determining day demand for insulin, significantly shortening hospitalization period in patients with uncontrolled diabetes.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Apr
PMID:[Short-term subcutaneous infusion of insulin using a portable insulin pump in the treatment of diabetes mellitus]. 262 47

In the article the authors evaluate the portable insulin pump, a prototype designed at the Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences, and also Promedos E1 pump produced by Siemens in the therapy of patients with diabetes type 1 brittle. Two patients underwent therapy by means of continuous intravenous insulin infusions (CDWI) for two months, two other patients--(CPWI) for about five years. The authors made an evaluation of the two methods by counting mean blood glucose, value M according to Schlichtkrull and determining the level of glycosylated haemoglobin. By continuous infusions of insulin, the authors achieved better diabetes control than with the previous conventional therapy.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Apr
PMID:[Treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1 by long-term infusion of insulin]. 262 48

The authors made a retrospective analysis of late ineffectiveness of sulphonylurea derivatives and its correlation with the age of diabetes onset, duration of the disease, sex, body mass, smoking cigarettes, diabetes history in the family, coexistence with some diabetic complications as retinopathy, ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension and vascular diseases in lower limbs. The study was carried out in a group of 220 patients with diabetes type 2 lasting from 1 up to 25 years, aged 30-77 undergoing therapy in the Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases in the years 1976-1987 in whom a late ineffectiveness appeared to sulphonylurea derivatives. The average time of effective therapy by means of sulphonylurea derivatives in the group examined was 8.7 +/- 4.9 years (9.2 +/- 5.2 in men and 8.3 +/- 4.6 in women). The time of effective therapy by means of the above drugs was inversely proportional to the age of patients when diabetes type 2 appeared. The time of effective therapy by means of sulphonylurea derivatives in obese men was significantly longer than in obese women. No correlation was found between the appearance of late ineffectiveness of sulphonylurea derivatives and diabetes history in the family, smoking ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, retinopathy and vascular diseases of lower limbs.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Apr
PMID:[Evaluation of the late ineffectiveness of sulfonylurea derivatives in patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized at the Gastroenterology and Metabolic Disease Clinic, Medical Academy, in Warsaw 1976-1987]. 262 49

As a rule, in long-lasting diabetes type 1 there appear vascular complications in a form of proliferative retinopathy. While looking for the causes of fast vascular changes, the authors considered the possibility of immunological disorders. They started prospective examinations of patients with diabetes type 1 and proliferative retinopathy changes in the fundus of the eye. The authors evaluated the activity of angiogenic factors released by mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood of the patients examined. The authors found a significantly higher activity of these factors in patients with proliferative retinopathy in comparison with a control group of healthy persons and a group of patients with diabetes type 1 and simple retinopathy. The results obtained may indicate to immunological changes in the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathy.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Apr
PMID:[Immunologic phenomena in patients with proliferative retinopathy in diabetes mellitus type 1]. 262 50

The study was aimed at the evaluation of changes in the urinary excretion of calcium in patients with diabetes of type I and II. The investigations were carried out in 34 patients with type I diabetes, 28 patients with type II diabetes and 30 control subjects having the normal glucose tolerance. The oral calcium tolerance test according to Pak was performed in all the patients and the controls. Besides normocalciuria, also hypercalciuria of renal origin, as well as hipercalciuria resulting from an elevated intestinal absorption of calcium have been found in diabetic patients. These disturbances occurred much more frequently in patients with type I diabetes, especially in those of age below 40.
Endokrynol Pol 1989
PMID:[Hypercalciuria in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2--studies of its pathogenesis using the oral calcium tolerance test]. 262 18

In the period 1973/74-1983 a prospective observation was carried out on 4591 out-patients (2095 males and 2496 females) aged 18-68, with predominantly non-insulin treated diabetes of 1-10 years' duration. During the ten years period over a third of initial cohort died. Age-standardized mortality rate was twice that for the general population of Warsaw for the median year 1978. The risk of death rose with decreasing age, especially in females. The most frequent causes of death were cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary heart disease, standardized mortality ratios amounting to 2.7 and 2.4 respectively. Among diabetic cohort the risk of death was also higher for nephritis, nephrosis, cirrhosis of the liver and pneumonia. No excess death rate could be found for tuberculosis, malignant neoplasms, and diabetes itself. Diabetic patients were less frequently exposed to accidental deaths than the general population of Warsaw. The mortality diabetic patients in Warsaw was similar to that seen in most of the developed countries with the exception of the higher mortality due to cirrhosis of the liver and smaller due to accident, trauma and poisoning.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Mar
PMID:[Mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus in Warsaw--a 10-year prospective study]. 262 53

A prospective study was made in the years 1973 through 1983 on mortality among 4591 patients (2095 men and 2469 women) with usually noninsulin dependent diabetes, of 1-10 years duration. The anamnestic data and examination parameters obtained during a cross-sectional investigation served as the prognostic changeables (risk factors) to assess the mortality due the most frequent circulatory diseases. The applied model of the logistic regression allowed an attempt of the assessment of their independent effect. Analysis regarding the sex and the methods of diabetes treatment was done in four groups of mortality causes classified according to the VIII Revision of the International Classification of Disease. Injuries and Causes of Death: 1. Cardiovascular system diseases. 2. Ischaemic heart diseases. 3. Other diseases of the cardiovascular system. 4. Vascular diseases of the brain. The quantitative and qualitative effect of the arbitrarily chosen factor of death risk was of varying importance and was related to the sex and the methods of the hypoglycemising treatments. The effect of ageing was an independent factor of death risk among all analysed causes of mortality in both sexes independent from the methods of the hypoglycemising treatment with the one exception of women treated with insulin who died of stroke. Generally however, the ageing factor showed a greater prognostic value in patients treated with insulin. Hypertension, especially if marked, showed to have the most prognostic value among the all analysed factors of death-risk especially in patients on oral antidiabetics. The risk in this group was due mainly to the cerebral stroke, to a lesser degree to the "other" diseases of the circulatory system, and to the all diseases of the circulatory system but to the least degree it was related to the ischaemic heart disease, in both sexes. Among insulin treated diabetics the hypertension was a death-risk of most importance in men usually due to the vascular brain disease and other diseases of the cardiovascular system but to a lesser degree to the circulatory diseases, as a whole. In women however the marked hypertension increased the death-risk in patients with coexisting circulatory disease, not a particular one, but as a whole. Albuminuria had a pronounced prognostic value, especially if massive, in both types of diabetes, mainly, however, among women who died of any cardiovascular causes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Mar
PMID:[Mortality risk factors in cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus in Warsaw--a 10-year prospective study]. 262 54

The aim of the study was to evaluate the left ventricular function and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, but without observable changes of the circulatory system in clinical examination. 30 patients underwent the study with the insulin-dependent diabetes treated for 2 months--30 years. There was no evidence of hypertension, renal and hepatic failure. Well controlled diabetes was stated in all of them. The control group consisted of 20 healthy persons. M-mode echocardiographic examination and 24-hour Holter ecg monitoring was performed in all patients. Decreased left ventricular compliance and complex ventricular arrhythmias were stated in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes.
Kardiol Pol 1989
PMID:[Echocardiographic studies and electrocardiographic examination by the Holter method of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. 263 36

In the group of 16 men with controlled, type I diabetes lasting up to 24 months, simple tests for assessment of autonomic regulation of the circulatory system such as a deep breathing test, Valsalva's manoeuvre and a tilt trial have been performed. Variations of systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as heart rate have been studied. The control group consisted of 22 young, healthy men. Rest heart rate has been significantly increased prior the all tests but its alterations during deep breathing have been significantly decreased in diabetics (EM index mean = 1.44 vs 1.74 in the control group; p less than 0.01). Also Valsalva's index has been significantly increased in them (1.67 vs 1.42; p less than 0.02). Significant reduction of a delay index at the early tilt test period has been stated in diabetics (1.31 vs 1.57; p less than 0.01) as well as significant lowering of diastolic blood pressure in 1st and 5th minute of a tilt test. Performed tests indicate that even short duration of diabetes changes the autonomic regulation of the circulatory system due to inequality of para- and sympathetic system tones and/or the early autonomic neuropathy.
Kardiol Pol 1989
PMID:[Autonomic regulation of the circulatory system in early type I diabetes]. 263 25


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