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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An effect of the selective beta-adrenergic block with metoprolol and non-selective beta-adrenergic block with propranolol on the hypoglycaemia was investigated in 30 dogs of the control group and 30 dogs with alloxan diabetes. A significant increase in cortisol secretion was seen in the insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in both groups without beta-adrenergic block. It suggests an important role of cortisol in the normalization of glycaemia following an administration of the exogenous insulin. Beta-adrenergic block, especially with metoprolol, produces a significant increase in cortisol secretion confirming the report on direct effect of this beta-adrenolytic agent on cortisol secretion.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on cortisol secretion in insulin-induced hypoglycemia in animals with experimental diabetes mellitus]. 225 54

The study aimed at evaluating an incidence of diabetes mellitus and carbohydrate tolerance disorders as well as insulinemia in patients with the history of the acute pancreatitis. Baseline glycemia was determined in 50 patients with a history of the acute pancreatitis and in 15 healthy individuals (aged between 18 and 65 years). Blood sugar was then determined 30, 60, 90 and 180 minutes following loading with 75 g of glucose. Fasting insulinemia and that following loading with 75 g glucose were determined at the same time period. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 6 patients (12%) whereas carbohydrate tolerance in 4 patients (8%). A decrease in insulin response to carbohydrates was noted in 36 patients (72%) with a history of the acute pancreatitis in comparison with the control group. The obtained results suggest that the acute pancreatitis significantly decreases endocrine functioning of the pancreas. Therefore, metabolism of carbohydrates should be checked particularly in the individuals with a history of the acute pancreatitis without the symptoms of both diabetes mellitus and sugar tolerance disorders but with the signs of decreased insulin response to carbohydrates.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and disorders of glucose tolerance in patients after acute pancreatitis]. 225 52

The study aimed at assessing ICA and CF-ICA in the serum of patients with newly diagnosed and short-lasting diabetes mellitus type 1. Sixty patients with newly diagnosed diabetes type 1 (39 patients) and short-lasting diabetes of the same type (21 patients) aged between 2 and 34 years were classified. Anti-islet antibodies were detected with indirect immunoflourescence in specimens of fresh, frozen human pancreast in the tested group ICA were found in 53% of cases. At the time of diagnosis, ICA were found in 76% of children and in 14% of adult patients whereas respective data for diabetes mellitus lasting up to 2 years were 40% and 64%. Complement-fixing islet cytoplasmatic antibodies were found only in patients with ICA (47% of such cases). These antibodies were found in children with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (36%). In case of adults CF-ICA were detected in 7% of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus cases and in 45% of cases with the disease lasting for 2 years. Titres of ICA ranged from 1:1 to 1:128 whereas titres CF-ICA from 1:1 to 1:8. No correlation between ICA titre and CF-ICA titre was noted.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Cytoplasmic islet-cell antibodies (ICA) and cytoplasmic complement- fixing antibodies (CF-ICA) in patients with newly detected and short-lasting diabetes mellitus type 1]. 225 56

Cell-mediated immunity was investigated with T-cell blastic transformation stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin and/or insulin in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. T-cell blastic transformation was determined in the whole blood by the intake of labelled thymidine intake by the lymphocytic DNA. Healthy individuals and patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 served as control groups. It was found that T-cell blastic transformation stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin is markedly diminished in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and to a lesser degree in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Insulin increased T-cell blastic transformation in insulin-dependent diabetic patients but has no effect in diabetes mellitus type 2. The obtained results suggest that induction and central phases of the cell-mediated immunological response are diminished in diabetes mellitus independently on its type. Such disorders may have different etiology depending on the type of diabetes mellitus.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Cellular immunity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1)]. 225 53

The study aimed at elaborating the technique of an early diagnosis of cheiroarthropathy. The study involved 170 patients with diabetes mellitus type I aged between 16 and 45 years and disease duration ranging from 1 year to 33 years. Advanced cheiroarthropathy with shining waxy skin was diagnosed in 41 patients (group I). No lesions characteristic for cheiroarthropathy was diagnosed in 122 patients (group II) while in 7 patients (group III) only skin lesions without contractures were noted. Proliferative retinopathy was significantly more frequent (p less than 0.001) in the group with cheiroarthropathy--39% to 8%. Mean age of patients of group I is 31.5 +/- 5.9 years, in group II--31.0 +/- 6.6 years. Duration of diabetes mellitus is 17.8 +/- 6.2 and 9.6 +/- 7.2 years respectively (p less than 0.05). An angle of metacarpophalangeal joint of the V finger extension was measured in all patients with goniometer. A significant difference was noted in both groups: 34.4 +/- 8.08 degrees and 56.5 +/- 7.1 degrees, respectively (p less than 0.01). Mathematic models were designed basing on the value of measured angle and duration of the disease. These models facilitate possible risk of cheiroarthropathy. Systematic measurements of metacarpophalangeal joint extension seems valuable means of early diagnosis of diabetic cheiroarthropathy and follow-up of such patients.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[A method for early diagnosis of reduced mobility of hand joints in diabetes mellitus type I]. 239 55

Monotherapy of hypertension with acebutolol in diabetics in daily dose of 200-400 mg for 6 weeks induced only non-significant and practically not acceptable hypotensive effect in groups of patients with hypertension and diabetes type I or type II without nephropathy. No therapeutical effect was observed in hypertension in diabetics type I with nephropathy. Administration of acebutolol to hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy resulted in tendency to increase in albuminuria. Values of creatinine clearance did not change at the same time. Also no effect of acebutolol on glycemic or lipid indices was observed. The lack of clear hypotensive effect under studied conditions of acebutolol in diabetic patients contrasted with its significant action in comparative group of hypertensive non-diabetic subjects.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Monotherapy with acebutolol in hypertensive diabetic patients]. 239 87

The effect of cholecystokinin (CCK-33) and its fragments, C-terminal octapeptide (CCK-8) and C-terminal tetrapeptide (CCK-4), on arterial blood pressure and on the function of the isolated rat heart was studied in three groups of animals: normal (C group), rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes of one month's duration (DM group) and with diabetes treated with insulin (DMI group). CCK-33 (5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 U/kg iv) raised dose-dependently systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure but did not change the heart rate in the group of normal rats. CCK-33 administered in doses of 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 U/0.1 ml) increased the amplitude of the isolated heart contraction and reduced heart rate but had no effect on coronary outflow in this group. In the diabetic rats, CCK-33 in dose 20.0 U/kg iv reduced the arterial blood pressure and had no effect on heart rate in vivo. CCK-33 increased the cardiac contraction amplitude and lowered heart rate of the isolated heart from the diabetic rats. In the group of insulin-treated diabetic rats, CCK-33 did not change the blood pressure, increased the heart rate in vivo. This peptide increased the cardiac contraction amplitude, no lowering of the heart rate of the isolated heart was noted. CCK-8 and CCK-4 had no effect on arterial blood pressure and the function of the isolated heart in any of the groups of animals studied. The results indicate that shortening of CCK-33 to CCK-8 and CCK-4 eliminates the circulatory effect of this peptide and that in diabetes CCK-33 produces circulatory effects opposite to those observed in normal animals. Insulin partially normalizes the action of CCK-33 on the circulation in diabetes.
Pol J Pharmacol Pharm
PMID:Effects of cholecystokinin (CCK-33) and its fragments, C-terminal octapeptide (CCK-8) and C-terminal tetrapeptide (CCK-4), on the circulatory system of diabetic rats. 248 4

A group of 15 patients with controlled insulin-independent diabetes (Type 2) were workloaded submaximally by a 15-minute load on a cycle ergometer and 2-3 days later same workload was repeated, but this time 5-patient groups were administered before the workload: 0.1 j.m. of insulin/kg of body mass i.v., 1.0 g tolbutamide sodium i.v. and 150 mg of phenformin orally one hour before the load. The patients who were injected insulin or tolbutamide were also administered glucose solution (intravenously) so as to keep the same level of glycaemia as in the follow-up examination. The time of metabolic observation after workload was 90 min., so the whole examination took 105 minutes. In the first (follow-up) examination, all the probands had in the venous blood an increase in alanine, lactate, pyruvate and the relation lactate: pyruvate (L/P), a decrease in pH, bicarbonates and pO2 (in capillary afterialized blood). The administration of insulin and tolbutamide eliminated or reduced after-effort alaninaemia increase, whereas the administration of phenformin increased the concentration of this amino acid in the blood after effort. Insulin resulted in a greater increase in after-effort lactacidaemia; besides, insulin and tolbutamide increased the relation L/P during and after effort. The influence of antidiabetic drugs on the behaviour of other biochemical parameters after effort was insignificant. The results obtained show that antidiabetic drugs modify the increase in alaninaemia after effort in patients with controlled insulin-independent diabetes (Type 2), the direction of the modification depending on a specific influence of particular drugs on the metabolism of this amino acid. While evaluating the influence of effort on the concentration of alanine in the blood in patients with this type of diabetes one should consider not only the present demand for this gluconeogenes substrate but also a specific influence of the kind of therapy applied at the time.
Pol Arch Med Wewn 1989 Apr
PMID:[Effect of antidiabetics on post-exercise alaninemia in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2)]. 251 27

The authors observed 53 cases of diabetic ketoacidosis treated with low doses of insulin. Mean age of the patients was 41 +/- 17 years, duration of diabetes mellitus 7.5 +/- 6.4 years. Ketoacidosis was due to: infections in 36%, other diseases in 7%, and cessation of insulin therapy in 25% of cases. Ketoacidosis was a first sign of diabetes mellitus in 19% of cases while causative factor was not detected in 13% of cases. At the admission to hospital mean blood pH was 7.02 +/- 0.15, mean bicarbonate concentration 6.17 +/- 3.45 mM/l, and glycaemia 40.6 +/- 16.8 mM/l. Therapy of ketoacidosis was complicated by hypopotassemia in 1 patient and transient hypoglycaemia in another patient. Five patients (9.6%) died. Infections, myocardial infarction, acute pancreatitis, pulmonary edema, and disseminated intravascular coagulation were the causes of deaths.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Analysis of the cause of death in diabetic ketoacidosis based on 5 years of personal observation]. 251 62

In 15 subjects with simple obesity and 10 patients with obesity associated with type II diabetes neutrophil adhesiveness and the rate of resting and stimulated production of superoxide anions (O2-) by these cells were assessed. High values were demonstrated of neutrophil adhesiveness suspended in autologous plasma in both groups of patients. The value of O2- production by resting cells was significantly raised, particularly in cases of simple obesity. Stimulated production of superoxides by neutrophils was approaching the value noted in the control group. The obtained results may suggest participation of these cells in the development of atherosclerotic changes.
Pol Arch Med Wewn
PMID:[Superoxide anion production and adhesiveness of neutrophils in obese patients]. 256 58


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