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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is supposed that the excess of fatty tissue exerts a diabetogenic effect. In obese subjects changes in the reactivity of the enlarged adipocytes to insulin might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Using the method of Rodbell in our own modification the responses of isolated adipocytes obtained from 10 lean and 15 obese subjects to a) insulin, b) theophylline and c) insulin and theophylline jointly (metabolism of glucose and glycerol) were determined. The dose-effect relationship curve was plotted against the effect of glucose utilization caused by increasing concentrations of insulin in the suspensions of adipocytes of lean and obese subjects. In adipocyte donors insulin sensitivity was also determined by Himsworth's test. It was found that adipocytes of 15 subjects with hyperthrophic obesity showed a significantly decreased effect of insulin regulating glucose utilization and glycerol release. They maintained a normal pattern of response to theophylline. The curve of relationship between insulin concentration in the incubation medium and its effect on glucose utilization by the adipocytes was changed. The adipocytes of these donors were relatively refractory to insulin in vivo as determined by the test of Himsworth. The cause of these disturbances may lie in the changed function of insulin receptors in the enlarged adipocytes. The observed disturbances may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of the diabetogenic effect of obesity.
Pol Med Sci Hist Bull
PMID:Role of disturbed metabolism of fat tissue cells in the pathogenesis of the diabetogenic effect of obesity in humans. 99 68

Capillaries of the reproductive system of non-pregnant female rabbits with experimental alloxan diabetes show a slight but extensive thickening of the basement membrane. It seems to be the consequence of diabetes. The observed vascular lesions may influence the function of the reproductive system.
Pol Med Sci Hist Bull
PMID:Ultrastructure of the capillaries of the reproductive system in female rabbits with alloxan diabetes. 122 14

Blood serum activity of ACE, alfa2-macroglobulin as well as triglycerides concentration was determined in 90 patients with diabetes and in 40 healthy persons. Taking into account criteria established by WHO the patients with diabetes were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 32 patients with diabetes of type I (juvenile one); the second group consisted of 58 patients with diabetes of type II (adult one). It was found that blood serum level of all tested parameters is statistically increased (p < or = 0.001) in comparison with control group. In patients with diabetes of type I the level of alfa2-macroglobulin and ACE was higher than in those with diabetes of type II. The serum contents of triglycerides in both groups of patients was comparable. No correlation between parameters determined in patients with diabetes was found.
Mater Med Pol
PMID:Blood serum angiotensin-converting enzyme, alfa2-macroglobulin and triglycerides in patients with diabetes. 128 70

The investigations covered 33 women in the III trimester of pregnancy with diagnosed, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and 108 healthy women in the control group. The alpha-amylase activity was measured in the blood-serum and urine samples using the Caravay technique. An increased activity was demonstrated in the blood-serum samples in the examined group. The values were not related to the levels of glycemia. The urinary alpha-amylase activity was similar to that in the control patients. No coincidence between the activity and glycemia or acetone levels could be demonstrated.
Ginekol Pol 1992
PMID:[Activity of alpha-amylase in serum and urine of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus type I]. 130 13

The study group consisted of 82 primigravid and 55 multiparous women with post term pregnancy, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, insufficiency of placenta and diabetes mellitus have induced labor. Prepidil (Upjohn) in dosage 0.5 mg was given into uterine cervix of 46 patients (PG group) and oxytocin was infused to 42 patients in dosage ranged from 5 mU/min to 30 mU/min (Ox group). Induction of labor has been considered as successful, if after 12 hours of drug administration, regular contractions of uterus and dilation of cervix more than 3 cm were obtained. Significant improvement of cervix state, measured by Bishop score has been observed only in PG group, even if the induction of labor failed. Similar rates of caesarean sections and the same occurrences of late and variable decelerations have been observed in both study groups. Results obtained in both these groups suggest that induction of labor in such pregnancies after prostaglandins administration is more effective than oxytocin infusion.
Ginekol Pol 1992 May
PMID:[Induction of labor by using PGE2 and oxytocin in high risk pregnancies]. 130 12

Erythropoietin is the primary hormone controlling erythropoiesis in both adults and fetuses. In extra-fetal life the main organ producing erythropoietin is the kidney which is responsible for producing about 90% of the total amount of this hormone. In fetal life erythropoietin is produced by the liver of the fetus. The erythropoietin production depends on the content of oxygen in blood. This is probably the only physiological stimulus which regulates the production of erythropoietin. The increase of erythropoietin concentration in the umbilical cord serum and in the amniotic fluid has been observed in the states of fetus anoxia. This mainly concerns such complications during pregnancy as the fetus hypotrophy, diabetes, serological conflict, and gestosis.
Ginekol Pol 1992
PMID:[Concentration of erythropoietin in blood serum of the umbilical cord and in amniotic fluid in normal and complicated pregnancies]. 130 56

The group of the investigated included 25 individuals (11 F, 14 M), aged 55 +/- 1.5 years, with diabetes type II and hypertension. Known diabetes duration was 4.9 +/- 0.8 years and known hypertension duration--7.4 +/- 1.4 years. Two weeks after administering placebo in place of hypertension drugs applied so far, guanfacine was included as the only hypertensive drug. The dosage was increased from 0.5 mg up to 3 mg daily until a good control of blood pressure was achieved. The diabetic treatment, diet and the smoking habit were unchanged. The resting activity of the renin-angiotension-aldosterone system (RAA), cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL, serum glucose levels and HbA1c were assayed after a 5-month guanfacine period. After treatment a significant decrease in blood pressure both systolic and diastolic (p < 0.001), heart rate (p < 0.005) and plasma renin activity (p < 0.02) were observed. Preliminary measurements of RAA activity and its changes during treatment were not helpful in predicting guanfacine hypotensive effect. The level of lipids, lipoproteins, atherogenic factors, glucose and HbA1c did not change significantly during the study.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Effect of 5-month guanfacine treatment on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and some metabolic factors in patients with diabetes mellitus type II and hypertension]. 130 23

The study involved 50 normotensive men (means age = 34 years) with diabetes mellitus type I (mean duration of the disease 14 years). Group I included 29 patients with normal albumin excretion with the urine (UAE below 30 mg daily), and group II-21 patients with microalbuminuria (UAE 30-300 mg daily). Both groups were similar in relation to the age and duration of diabetes mellitus. Blood cholesterol was significantly higher in patients of group II than in patients of group I (p = 0.02) similarly to blood triglycerides levels (p = 0.01). Mean arterial pressure was lower in patients of group I than that in patients of group II (94.3 +/- 7.0 vs 99.1 +/- 6.0 mm Hg; p = 0.01). HbA1c was positively correlated with blood cholesterol (p = 0.01) and blood triglycerides levels (p = 0.05).
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Blood pressure and blood lipids in normotensive patients with diabetes mellitus type I with microalbuminuria]. 130 22

The cerebellum, frontal cortex, hippocampal and parahippocampal regions of 100 patients older than 80 years, most of whom had died of stroke, were examined. Eighteen percent were diagnosed as clinically demented. On the specimens labeled previously with Thioflavin S and Bielschowsky method, immunohistochemical studies were performed with Fab (antigen-binding fragment) of the anti beta-amyloid antibody 4G8. Positive amyloid immunoreactivity was observed in the cerebrum in 71 of 100 cases, Cerebella of 31 subjects of 71 with cerebral amyloidosis also revealed amyloid deposits. They appeared in various morphological forms, such as diffuse plaques and focal subpial deposits, as well as classical and primitive neuritic plaques. Cases with amyloid in the cerebellum alone were not observed. Beta-amyloid deposits in the cerebellum were associated with a significant number of beta-amyloid plaques in the cerebrum, which showed other Alzheimer-type pathology, also in individuals without clinical symptoms of dementia. There was no correlation either between cerebellar amyloid deposits and clinical cerebellar symptoms or between the presence of diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and neuropathological changes. A clear association of microglial cells with amyloid deposits in the cerebellum was demonstrated. In our experience, LN-1 and RCA-1 were not as suitable for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, as was anti-ferritin. Negative staining for tau-1 and positive staining for anti-ubiquitin characterized neurites within primitive and classical plaques. No neurofibrillary pathology was detected in the cytoplasm of cerebellar neurons when we used anti tau-1 labeling.
Neuropatol Pol 1992
PMID:beta-Amyloid deposits within the cerebellum of persons older than 80 years of age. 134 Sep 21

The activity of Ca(++)-Mg++ ATP-ase present in erythrocyte membranes was determined in basal conditions and following stimulation with calmodulin in 8 women with insulin-dependent diabetes and in 9 healthy women. The isolation of erythrocyte membranes and the determination of activity of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase were carried out according to the method of Gietzen et al. A decrease in the activity of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase in basal conditions was found in fractions with the highest erythrocyte content obtained from diabetic patients. After stimulation with calmodulin the activity of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase in all the fractions was lower in diabetic patients than in the controls. Low activities of the enzyme were accompanied by high values of HbA1c. The results suggest that glycosylation of the ATP-ase or/and calmodulin may be the main cause of the observed fall in the enzyme activity in diabetes. Also the disturbances concerning the cumulation of intracellular calcium may be related to the changes caused by glycosylation of Ca(++)-Mg(++)-ATP-ase or/and calmodulin.
Endokrynol Pol 1992
PMID:[Activity of Ca(+2)Mg(+2) --ATPase in erythrocyte membranes of women with diabetes mellitus type I]. 134 22


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