Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pattern of care and demographic features of diabetes in a largely rural Welsh population were investigated before the introduction of measures to improve diabetic care. All data were obtained from general practice notes. Of the population studied 1.01% were identified as diabetic. There were no demographic differences from recently published English studies. Seventy per cent of the diabetic patients had not seen a consultant within the preceding year. The level of surveillance for biochemical control and complications of diabetes was better in those who had had recent consultant care. However, basic surveillance data was missing in many consultant letters to general practitioners. The prevalence of known serious diabetic eye disease (9%) in the study population was similar to that found in a recent study of a structured care system. Proposed improvements in diabetic care must take into account the large number of patients not attending hospital clinics. Communication between consultant clinics and general practitioners must be improved.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1989 May
PMID:Characteristics and pattern of care of a diabetic population in mid-Wales. 256 6

In the duck, subtotal pancreatectomy induces a transient diabetes, with decreased insulin and glucagon basal levels as well as responses to glucose. At the same time, a transient increase in basal peripheral somatostatin occurs, followed by an increase in growth hormone in the postdiabetic state. Intravenous glucose induces a slight decrease in somatostatin secretion in normal, but not in diabetic animals, and no significant variation in growth hormone secretion at any state. An obvious role of growth hormone or somatostatin in the development of this transient diabetes in the duck could not be detected in this study.
Gen Comp Endocrinol 1989 May
PMID:Growth hormone and somatostatin in the plasma of transiently diabetic ducks: basal variation and response to glucose. 256 51

1. A comparison was made of the proposed neurotoxic effects of acrylamide, capsaicin, and diabetes on rat urinary bladder pressure responses elicited by infusion of buffer into the organ (distension). 2. Treatment with capsaicin or acrylamide completely abolished the bladder pressure responses. 3. After 4 weeks of diuresis equivalent to that of the diabetic model, the pressure response was markedly diminished compared to control. This response was greatly increased following L-DOPA, which augments the micturition reflex. 4. After 4 weeks of streptozoticin-induced diabetes, the pressure response was slightly diminished compared to control and most closely resembled the response from the diuretic group treated with L-DOPA.
Gen Pharmacol 1989
PMID:Sensory nerves and urinary bladder function: effects of diabetes, capsaicin and acrylamide treatment. 270 69

To determine the importance of individual factors to thromboembolic stroke (TES) risk, the authors performed a hospital-based case-control study. Ninety cases (56 men and 34 women, ages 15 to 65) discharged from the hospital between January 1981 and December 1984 with a diagnosis of TES supported by computed tomography were matched to 174 control patients (106 men and 68 women). Data on potential risk factors were obtained from the medical record and telephone interview. Using multivariate analysis, three variables were significantly associated with TES risk: hypertension (odds ratio [OR] = 3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9-6.0), diabetes (OR = 4.0; 95% CI 2.0-8.3), and smoking (OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.6). The data were also analyzed using a direct risk assessment method. This analysis describes the risk in patients with any one factor compared with patients without any of the factors. The direct estimates of risk increased by 71% for hypertension (OR = 5.8), 28% for diabetes (OR = 5.1), and 90% for smoking (OR = 3.8). The authors conclude that hypertension, diabetes, and smoking are the major risk factors for TES in patients 65 years old or younger.
J Gen Intern Med
PMID:The contributions of individual factors to thromboembolic stroke. 272 32

The authors estimated the sex- and age-adjusted prevalence of affective, substance use, and anxiety disorders in persons in a general population sample who identified themselves as having arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, chronic lung disease, or no chronic medical conditions. Persons who reported ever having arthritis, heart disease, chronic lung disease, or high blood pressure had a significantly increased adjusted prevalence of each of the three groups of lifetime psychiatric disorders, relative to a no-chronic conditions comparison group (each p less than 0.05). Persons who ever had diabetes had an increased adjusted prevalence of lifetime affective and anxiety but not substance use disorder. Persons with current (i.e., active) arthritis, heart disease, or high blood pressure had a significantly increased adjusted prevalence of recent (6-month) anxiety disorder, whereas those with current chronic lung disease had an increased adjusted prevalence of recent affective and substance use but not anxiety disorder.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1989 Sep
PMID:Affective, substance use, and anxiety disorders in persons with arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, or chronic lung conditions. 279 44

To examine the influence of sex differences in the STZ model of diabetes, we studied left ventricular function in hearts from 6 week old male and female rats. Significantly lower values for +dP/dt occurred in male diabetic rats compared with their own controls or female diabetics at most left atrial filling pressures. Decreases in this value for female diabetic rats compared to their own controls occurred only at high left atrial pressures. It appears that diabetes mellitus produces greater myocardial dysfunction in male diabetic rats.
Gen Pharmacol 1987
PMID:Comparison of cardiac function in male and female diabetic rats. 295 53

The so-called M-variant (especially subtype D) of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) induces a diabetes-like syndrome in certain mouse strains which may serve as a model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man. The development and course of diabetes was influenced by a number of virus and host factors, among these being virus strain, virus dose, mouse strain, age, sex, and the host's immunological status. In a D-variant stock of EMCV, we found a virus plaque variant (PV 2) diabetogenic for DBA/2 mice, and at least one variant (PV 7) that did not affect carbohydrate metabolism. Although the diabetogenicity of PV 2 proved to be a genetically stable characteristic after further passages in vivo and in vitro, the incidence of diabetes varied somewhat (mean value 65% in 10-week-old DBA/2 mice infected with 10(5) p.f.u.). Both lower (10(1) or 10(3) p.f.u.) and higher (10(7) or 10(8) p.f.u.) virus doses led to a diminished incidence and severity of diabetes. In younger animals (5 weeks) transient hyperglycaemia often appeared, whereas in older animals (20 weeks) there was a higher rate of mortality. Histological examination of the islets of Langerhans in diabetes-susceptible (DBA/2) and resistant (C57BL/6) mice revealed that EMCV-induced hyperglycaemia appeared to develop in parallel to islet cell damage. Even in diabetic animals, some unaffected islets were regularly found. This study demonstrates that EMCV mutants may have completely different biological effects and produce diabetes only in special circumstances. Host factors play a significant role in the development of diabetes.
J Gen Virol 1985 Apr
PMID:Encephalomyocarditis virus and diabetes mellitus: studies on virus mutants in susceptible and non-susceptible mice. 298 15

To maximize disease control, patients must participate effectively in their medical care. The authors developed an intervention designed to increase the involvement of patients in medical decision making. In a 20-minute session just before the regular visit to a physician, a clinic assistant reviewed the medical record of each experimental patient with him/her, guided by a diabetes algorithm. Using systematic prompts, the assistant encouraged patients to use the information gained to negotiate medical decisions with the doctor. A randomized trial was conducted in two university hospital clinics to compare this intervention with standard educational materials in sessions of equal length. The mean pre-intervention glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) values were 10.6 +/- 2.1% for 33 experimental patients and 10.3 +/- 2.0% for 26 controls. After the intervention the mean levels were 9.1 +/- 1.9% in the experimental group (p less than 0.01) and 10.6 +/- 2.22% for controls. Analysis of audiotapes of the visits to the physician showed the experimental patients were twice as effective as controls in eliciting information from the physician. Experimental patients reported significantly fewer function limitations. The authors conclude that the intervention is feasible and that it changes patient behavior, improves blood sugar control, and decreases functional limitations.
J Gen Intern Med
PMID:Patients' participation in medical care: effects on blood sugar control and quality of life in diabetes. 304 68

The modern data on the structure and biological role of HLA-system in human organism are presented, as well as the data on the connection of HLA-antigens system with a number of diseases, the results of immunogenetic research of diabetes. The data presented were obtained in different countries and include the data obtained by the author. The role of viral infections and autoimmune processes in the development of genetically inherited type I diabetes is discussed. Prospects of using the immunosuppressive therapy for prevention of type I diabetes development in HLA genetically predisposed persons are analyzed.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol 1988 Aug
PMID:[Immunological and virological aspects of diabetes mellitus]. 305 57

1. Decreased gastro-intestinal responses to salbutamol (sal) and serotonin (5-HT) in experimental diabetes have been postulated. The present study was designed to investigate whether in vivo and in vitro insulin treatments improve the decreased gastro-intestinal responses. 2. In vivo insulin treatment (166.7 micrograms/kg/day i.p.) for 6 weeks is able to improve both decreased gastro-intestinal beta-adrenergic and serotonergic responses. 3. Insulin incubation in bathing medium for 4-5 hr enhances the decreased gastro-intestinal responses to sal, but not to 5-HT. 4. The above results strongly suggest that the improving effect of insulin on the gastro-intestinal beta-adrenergic responses is direct in nature. In contrast, the improving effect on insulin on the serotonergic responses occurs via an indirect mechanism.
Gen Pharmacol 1988
PMID:Decreased gastro-intestinal responses to salbutamol and serotonin in streptozotocin-induced diabetes: improving effect of insulin in vivo and in vitro. 306 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>