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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) concentrations were determined in 300 Pima Indians aged 15 yr and older. Frequency distributions of HbA1 were unimodal in the 15--24-yr-old age group, but were bimodal in those aged 25 yr and over. The bimodality indicated that the subpopulation with diabetes could be identified by the presence of elevated HbA1 levels. This group was comprised primarily of subjects who also had fasting plasma glucose levels of less than or equal to 140 mg/dl, but subjects with impaired glucose tolerance without fasting hyperglycemia had HbA1 levels that were not significantly higher than those with normal glucose tolerance. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was much higher in the subgroup with elevated HbA1 levels and increased with increasing HbA1 level. HbA1 levels and triglyceride concentrations showed only a modest association. HbA1 determinations provided no advantage over fasting or post challenge glucose levels in the diagnosis of diabetes.
Diabetes 1979 Nov
PMID:Bimodality of glycosylated hemoglobin distribution in Pima Indians: relationship to fasting hyperglycemia. 48 48

The usefulness of determining hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels during pregnancy was evaluated. In contrast to previous reports, the HbA1c values did not predict abnormal maternal glucose tolerance or infant birth weight. They did, however, correlate with long-term control of the diabetes of pregnant insulin-dependent patients. The slight decrease in HbA1c values observed as pregnancy advanced was secondary to improved control of diabetes.
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PMID:Hemoglobin A1c in normal and diabetic pregnancy. 50 89

An attempt was made to improve the control of blood glucose in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Ten patients were studied over a period exceeding 8 mo in the outpatient department. Each patient was taught to monitor his or her own blood glucose concentration and was enrolled in an exercise program. In addition, they were taught to calibrate insulin, food, and exercise in terms of the response of the blood glucose. After 3 mo of study, there was a significant decrease in hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c) values from a mean concentration of 10.3 to 7.6%. Hb A1c values correlated well with mean blood glucose levels (r = 0.86). Dietary analysis revealed that the patients selected a diet consisting of 25% protein, 44% fat, and 31% carbohydrate, but there was a wide range in caloric distribution. There was no correlation between blood glucose control as measured by Hb A1c and caloric distribution. Systolic blood pressures decreased greater than 10 mm Hg. Serum alkaline phosphatase also decreased in each patient as control of blood glucose improved. Three of the patients with abnormalities of nerve conduction measurement at the beginning of the study had a complete return to normal at 8 mo. An outpatient program such as this may be cost effective through the avoidance of diabetes-related hospitalizations and may provide a mechanism whereby larger studies can be designed to define further the relationship of glycemia to the sequelae of diabetes.
Diabetes Care
PMID:Feasibility of improved blood glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 51 Jan 27

Three "brittle" diabetic patients were given constant subcutaneous insulin infusion with a portable battery-driven pump, and their plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1 were measured at frequent intervals during inpatient or outpatient periods. Mean plasma glucose decreased significantly in all inhospital patients and remained significantly less than before pump therapy in two of three as outpatients during the 8--12 wk of follow-ups; however, complete normalization of glucose metabolism was not accomplished in any. All three demonstrated a progressive decline in hemoglobin A1 levels to normal or near-normal values. The need for long-term studies of open loop infusion systems in a research setting before their adaptation to routine care is emphasized.
Diabetes Care
PMID:Evaluation of a portable insulin infusion pump for outpatient management of brittle diabetes. 51 Jan 42

Because levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) are increased in diabetes and reflect the previous metabolic control, clinicians and clinical investigators are finding increasing applications for measurements of GHb in diabetic patients. We report the characterization of a colorimetric assay procedure for GHb and compare its performance with that of a commonly used assay by ion-exchange chromatography. Although results of GHb determination by both methods correlate highly (r = 0.946, P less than 0.001), the two procedures estimate different glycosylated fractions. The colorimetric procedure is nonstoichiometric, requiring careful standardization of assay conditions, including the concentration of total hemoglobin in the assayed aliquot, to achieve precision and permit comparison of results. We characterized the effect of storage of hemolysates or packed erythrocytes on the subsequent determination of GHb by both methods. Determinations of GHb by the colorimetric method, but not by column chromatography, are reproducible on hemolysates or packed erythrocytes on the subsequent determination of GHb by both methods. Determinations of GHb by the colorimetric method, but not by column chromatography, are reproducible on hemolysates or packed erythrocytes stored frozen for at least 5 mo. A unique advantage of the colorimetric procedure is the capability to estimate GHb levels when variant hemoglobins, including fetal and sickle hemoglobins, are present.
Diabetes 1979 Dec
PMID:Comparison of a colorimetric assay for glycosylated hemoglobin with ion-exchange chromatography. 51 Aug 9

The levels of the minor hemoglobin A1 components were measured in a consecutive series of 102 diabetic patients who were extensively studied for signs of diabetic retinopathy. We found a statistically significant relationship between metabolic control, as reflected by the hemoglobin A1 level, and the severity of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes diagnosed before 30 years of age (P less than or equal to .001). We did not demonstrate a significant correlation between metabolic control and the severity of retinopathy in patients with diabetes diagnosed after the age of 30 years. We found significantly more severe retinopathy among patients with longer duration of the disease, in men, in whites, in diabetics diagnosted before 30 years of age who were treated with lower insulin doses, and in obses patients with the onset of diabetes after the age of 30 years.
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PMID:Hemoglobin A1 and diabetic retinopathy. 51 7

Glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were measured in 50 patients with clinically significant diabetic neuropathy. There were 24 males and 26 females with a mean age of 58.1 years and a mean duration of diabetes of 8.9 years. The glycosylated Hb concentration was not significantly different in these patients (13.9% +/- 2.4 SD) compared with randomly selected diabetic patients matched for age (+/- 5 years), sex and therapy without clinical evidence of neuropathy (13.6% +/- 2.2). There was no significant difference in the duration of diabetes between the two groups. The results would suggest that factors other than the degree of control of diabetes are important in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.
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PMID:Glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations in patients with diabetic neuropathy. 52 6

Plasma Sorbitol Dehydrogenase levels were determined in subjects with diabetes mellitus and normal people. The diabetic subjects had circulating plasma levels of SDH significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than those observed in controls. Moreover, the diabetics with vascular complications presented the highest SDH values. The lack of positive correlation between plasma glucose and SDH levels suggests that SDH, like hemoglobin A1C, reflect the degree of previous metabolic control of diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase in diabetic subjects with or without vascular complications. 54 22

A 57-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, atopy, and basal cell cancer of the skin developed a severe Coombs'-positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia which was resistant to treatment with large doses of azathioprine, cytoxan, and prednisone. One year after transcervical thymectomy the hemolytic anemia disappeared and the patient has maintained a normal hemoglobin and negative Coombs' test without immunosuppressants even since. We believe this case report to be the first recorded instance of thymectomy-induced remission of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in an adult.
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PMID:Case report: Thymectomy-induced remission of acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia in an adult with myasthenia gravis. 57 Aug 6

Hemoglobins AIa-c (fast Hb), minor variants of HbA, are elevated in patients with diabetes mellitus. Recent studies indicate a relationship of fast hemoglobins, especially HbAIc (glycosylated form), to chronic hyperglycemia. Since infant oversize has been attributed to maternal hyperglycemia and fetal hyperinsulinemia, the hemoglobin HbAIc fraction was compared to birth weight (actual and relative to gestational age) and to maternal glucose tolerance. Normal (13), probably normal (8), gestational diabetic (10), and insulin-dependent women (14) were studied in the third trimester; women with advanced diabetic vascular disease were excluded. When corrected for gestational age, relative birth weights correlated in a significant linear regression with HbAIc (n = 45, r = 0.57, P less than 0.001). Third trimester maternal glucose tolerance (Kt) of women, not insulin dependent, correlated in a signigicant manner with both HbAIc (P less than 0.05) and birth weight for gestational age (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:Glycohemoglobin (HbAIc): a predictor of birth weight in infants of diabetic mothers. 61 85


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