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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
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The levels of lipoprotein A-I (LP A-I) containing apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and devoid of apolipoprotein A-II (apo A-II) have been determined in a group of 86 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes of age between 1.3 and 22 years. The duration of diabetes in the studied group ranged between 0.25 and 15 years. The patients studied were further divided into subgroups taking into account the duration of diabetes as well as the occurrence of complications of diabetes, obesity and predisposition to early development of atherosclerosis in family history. The analysis of the results took into account the relations between the levels of LP A-I and other parameters of lipid metabolism like cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, apo A-I and apo A-II concentrations as well as the effectiveness of metabolic control of diabetes. LP A-I concentration was the lowest in group of children with diabetes lasting up to one year. This parameter was correlated positively with the levels of HDL-cholesterol and apo A-I, and negatively with HbA1c. It was not related to the coexisting complications, obesity or predisposition to atherosclerosis in family history. The above results indicate that the state of metabolic control of diabetes significantly influences the level of LP A-I. Considering the importance of LP A-I in preventing atherosclerosis it should be stressed that a decrease in its level during the period of prolonged hypoglycemia constitutes still another risk factor for development of atherosclerosis in diabetic children and adolescents.
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PMID:[Lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes. II. Evaluation of changes in lipoprotein A-I in children and adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes]. 134 32

The levels of the following blood serum lipid constituents: total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, HDL-cholesterol, lipoprotein fractions, as well as apolipoproteins AI, AII and B, have been determined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes lasting from 3 months to 15 years in relation to the degree of metabolic control characterized by the levels of fructosamine and glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c. The group of patients having the level of HbA1c exceeding 10% was characterized by significantly higher levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and Apo-B, and lower content of alpha-lipoprotein as compared to the group with HbA1c level beneath 10%. When fructosamine concentration was considered as an index of metabolic control of diabetes, it was found that the levels of cholesterol, phospholipids and apolipoproteins apo-A and apo-AI are highest in the group with the poor metabolic control and differ significantly from the respective values found in patients with mediocre and good metabolic control. Considering biological role of the individual lipids and lipoproteins, it should be stressed that the proper control of glycaemia is important for preventing the development of atherosclerosis in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes.
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PMID:[Lipid metabolism in patients with insulin dependent diabetes. III. Effect of metabolic control of diabetes on the concentration of some blood serum lipid constituents in patients with insulin dependent diabetes]. 134 33

The levels of the following blood serum lipid constituents: total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoproteins AI, AII and B, and lipoprotein fractions have been determined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes in relation to sex, age, duration of diabetes, coexistence of obesity, insulin dosage and history of genetic predispositions. The age of the patients was between 1.3 and 22 years and the duration of the disease ranged between 3 months and 15 years. The analysis of the results revealed that sex, age, daily insulin dose and the known genetic predispositions have no influence on the values of the parameters of lipid metabolism. However, an increase in the levels of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoproteins AI and B was observed along with the progressing duration of the disease. An increase in the levels of cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and beta-lipoprotein, and a decrease in the level of alpha-lipoprotein have been found in diabetic children with coexisting obesity. The above analysis indicates that besides metabolic control of diabetes its duration and accompanying obesity may negatively influence the course of the disease contributing to the precocious development of atherosclerosis.
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PMID:[Lipid metabolism in patients with insulin dependent diabetes. IV. Effect of sex, age, excess body weight, duration of diabetes, insulin dosage and family history on lipid metabolism in patients with insulin dependent diabetes]. 134 34

The purpose of this study was to examine the change in apolipoprotein and lipoprotein levels in patients with normolipidemic untreated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Fifteen untreated, non-obese male NIDDM patients without hyperlipidemia were chosen, and 15 healthy subjects, matched for age, sex, body weight, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking served as the control group. We observed that the concentrations of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were identical in both NIDDM and control groups. The levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were slightly increased in the diabetic group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance in our study. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower in the NIDDM group than in the controls. Significantly increased TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios were found in NIDDM patients compared with controls. The apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and apolipoprotein A-II (apo A-II) levels were decreased in NIDDM patients, while the apolipoprotein B (apo B) level remained similar to that of the control subjects. The ratio of apo A-I/apo B was decreased significantly in the NIDDM group. Our results suggest that NIDDM patients are at higher risk of coronary heart disease, even if they remain normolipidemic.
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PMID:Apolipoprotein levels in normolipidemic non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 135 44

The level of lipoprotein Lp(a), one of the risk factors of atherosclerosis, was determined in 91 children and adolescents of age ranging from 3.3 to 22 years suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes. The changes in Lp(a) were analyzed in relation to the group of patients, the duration of diabetes, possible genetic factors, other factors predisposing to early onset of atherosclerosis, and occurrence of obesity in the analyzed group. The relation between the level of Lp(a) and other parameters of lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B) as well as a degree of metabolic normalization of diabetes (as assessed by the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin and fructosamine) was studied in addition. No relation between Lp(a) and the factors mentioned above, with exception of glycosylated hemoglobin and fructosamine concentrations, could be demonstrated. The elevated level of Lp(a) in children and adolescents during the period of poor metabolic control of diabetes may constitute an additional risk factor for early onset of atherogenic changes.
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PMID:[State of lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes. I. Evaluation of lipoprotein (A) behavior in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes]. 136 93

Twenty-two patients with diabetes and hypertension were treated with Doxazosin. An acceptable fall in blood pressure was found with 1 mg. in 50% of patients and 2-8 mgs. in 50%. An increase in HDL cholesterol and a fall in LDL cholesterol levels which reached statistical significance was observed. A small but significant increase in HBA1 levels occurred in the 50% of patients on the higher Doxazosin dose.
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PMID:Doxazosin in the management of hypertensive diabetes--a cautionary note (?). 138 16

We studied the effects of glycated lipoproteins of low- and high-density (LDL and HDL) on platelets and vascular endothelial cells. After pretreatment for 5 minutes at 37 degrees C, the thrombin-induced synthesis of thromboxane B2 in washed platelets was significantly increased by glycated LDL as compared with native LDL (198.9 +/- 16.2 vs 90.3 +/- 29.4 ng/10(9) platelets, n = 8, p less than 0.01). Platelet aggregation was also increased by glycated LDL as compared with native LDL. After treatment with platelet-rich plasma for 5 hours at 37 degrees C, these values were suppressed by native HDL vs the control (buffer), but not by glycated HDL. Abnormalities in the release of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha and lactate dehydrogenase from vascular endothelial cells were also induced by glycated LDL and/or HDL. These observations suggest that abnormalities induced in platelets and vascular endothelial cells by glycated lipoproteins may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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PMID:Abnormalities in platelets and vascular endothelial cells induced by glycated lipoproteins. 139 75

This paper sums up the clinical epidemiological investigation data on risk factors (RF) of coronary heart disease (CHD) among 743 office workers, with an average age of 61.0 +/- 8.0. The investigation involved factors relating to history, physical examination, biochemistry, blood rheology and TCM Syndrome Differentiation. According to the results of the computerized single-factor correlation analysis, the incidence of CHD in RF exposed group was obviously higher than that of unexposed one, 65 RF such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipemia, smoking, body weight, HDL-C/TC, blood viscosity etc. were recorded. Using multivariate regressive analysis it revealed that hypertension, diabetes, total cholesterol, heavy cigarette smoking, overweight, diastolic pressure, cortisol, TCM senile index, Blood Stasis Syndrome, Qi Stagnation Syndrome, Qi Deficiency Syndrome and Heart Deficiency Syndrome were the main RF. The result concerning RF of Western medicine (WM) was in conformity with that at home and abroad. In addition, some TCM-RF were selected which couldn't be replaced by WM-RF. These indicate that there are TCM-RF and WM-RF in the development of CHD and it is better to adopt the method for preventing and treating CHD with combined TCM-WM. As to TCM-RF of CHD, the authors consider that there are both the factors of Deficiency and Excess, so preventing and treating CHD should aim at reinforcing the Deficiency and reducing the Excess.
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PMID:[Clinical epidemiological study on risk factors of coronary heart disease in 743 subjects]. 139 88

The information explosion characteristic of recent years has presented a series of findings enabling a more effective prevention of ischemic heart disease by controlling low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels of cholesterol. The detection of LDL receptors has provided new information on the mechanisms regulating the level of plasma LDL. Data on competitive inhibitors of endogenous cholesterol synthesis have afforded new possibilities of pharmacological control of LDL levels. Studies of primary prevention of ischemic heart disease have yielded evidence showing that a 1% decrease of cholesterol level reduces coronary risk by 2%. A prospective study of the relationship between cholesterol levels and coronary mortality, absolutely unique as to its extent (368,000 middle-aged men followed up over a period of 6 years) has demonstrated that there is no borderline cholesterol level below which coronary risk would be absolutely excluded. Between total cholesterol level and coronary mortality there is a close, continual and graded relationship. In light of these findings, total cholesterol levels have been reclassified: desirable levels -5.2 x 10(-3) mol.l-1, borderline risk levels under 5.2-6.2 x 10(-3) mol.l-1, and high risk levels--above 6.2 x 10(-3) mol.l-1. In subjects with several risk factors (smoking, hypertension, familial occurrence of heart, heart disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, HDL cholesterol below 0.9 x 10(-3) mol.l-1) the level of total cholesterol should be brought down below 4 x 10(-3) mol.l-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Plasma cholesterol levels and ischemic heart disease: new findings and new approaches]. 139 27

The effect of intraperitoneally administered carnitine (10 or 100 mg/kg) on the early stage of liver regeneration after two-third hepatectomy was studied in rats with experimentally induced alloxan diabetes (60 mg/kg IV). The level of regeneration was assessed mainly on the basis of DNA synthesis in the liver. Untreated diabetic rats exhibited significantly lower values of DNA synthesis determined 24 hours after hepatectomy. Administration of carnitine resulted in a significant increase in DNA synthesis over the given time interval. The stimulatory effect of carnitine in diabetic rats was confirmed also by the recorded values of serum lipids, particularly by the decreased concentration of triacylglycerols and the increased concentration of HDL-cholesterol, as determined in carnitine treated diabetic rats 24 hours following partial hepatectomy. (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 34.)
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PMID:[The effect of carnitine on the early phase of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats with experimental diabetes]. 139 60


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