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Query: UMLS:C0011849 (diabetes)
 277,896 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Separately collected parotid and submaxillary salivary samples from 20 diabetic and 20 matched control subjects were analyzed for flow rate, electrolyte content and immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG and IgM) levels. Flow rates did not vary significantly between the two groups of subjects; calcium ion content, however, was higher in the diabetic subjects for both salivary glands. The presence of salivary IgI in 6 of 10 patients was also a significant finding. Any attempt to draw a conclusion between the severity of periodontal disease and Diabetes Mellitus from the above findings is still speculative but does indicate further areas of research.
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PMID:Salivary alterations in diabetes mellitus. 105 51

This study was performed to assess the possible involvement of humoral immunity in essential hypertension, independently of the presence of atherosclerotic disease, which in turn may be associated with immunologic changes. Sixty-five patients without demonstrated atherosclerotic disease were selected according to clinical and arteriographic criteria, including 23 hypertensive subjects (all pharmacologically treated) and 42 controls. Mean ages (58.7 +/- 8.3(1 S.D.) years in the controls and 57.7 +/- 7.9 years in the hypertensive subjects) and sex distribution were similar in the 2 groups. Of the main risk factors, atherosclerosis, smoking, diabetes, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were equivalent, while triglycerides were higher in the hypertensive subjects than in the controls (142.6 +/- 52.7 vs. 112.6 +/- 67.7 mg/dl; p = 0.0065). In these subjects' sera the immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM, and the third and fourth complement components (C3 and C4) were measured. Of these variables, only C3 was higher in the hypertensive subjects than in the controls (124.3 +/- 29.3 vs. 107.8 +/- 18.4 mg/dl; p = 0.0183). Furthermore, C3 was significantly correlated with triglycerides (tau = 0.3613; p < 0.0001), but the association with hypertension was confirmed only for C3, and not for triglycerides, by multiple logistic regression (p = 0.0142). The increase in serum C3 suggests the possible implication of humoral immunity in the pathogenesis or progression of essential hypertension.
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PMID:[Association of serum C3 and essential hypertension]. 129 20

Using a case-control design we have studied whether antibodies to cow's milk proteins are risk determinants for childhood-onset Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus independent of early exposure to cow's milk formula and islet cell antibodies. Sera from 116 recent-onset diabetic children and 112 age- and sex-matched control children were analysed for cow's milk protein IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies, beta-lactoglobulin IgA and IgM antibodies and islet cell antibodies. The titres were compared to questionnaire data on duration of breast-feeding and introduction of formula feeding. Most antibody levels tended to be increased among diabetic compared to control children. This was statistically significant for cow's milk protein IgA antibodies (p less than 0.001) and beta-lactoglobulin IgA antibodies (p less than 0.01) as well as for islet cell antibody-positivity which was found among 92% of the diabetic and 3% of control children. The differences in cow's milk protein antibodies as well as beta-lactoglobulin antibodies were more pronounced among children with an early onset of Type 1 diabetes. Breast-feeding duration was significantly inversely related to the log of beta-lactoglobulin IgG (r = -0.16, p = 0.04) and the log of cow's milk protein IgA antibodies (r = -0.17, p less than 0.001). A positive correlation was found between formula feeding and the logarithm of beta-lactoglobulin IgG antibodies (r = 0.22, p = 0.01) and the log of cow's milk protein IgA antibodies (r = 0.16, p = 0.04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:An increased level of antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin is a risk determinant for early-onset type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus independent of islet cell antibodies and early introduction of cow's milk. 835 89

We recently developed a particle concentration fluoroimmunoassay for the measurement of serum antibodies to bovine serum albumin in patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. We observed elevated IgG-anti-bovine serum albumin antibodies in 100% of newly-diagnosed diabetic children and in 2.5% of matched control children. Here we compare the fluoroimmunoassay and the more commonly available enzyme linked immunoassay technique, exchanging coded serum samples from 40 newly-diagnosed diabetic children and 179 control children between two laboratories. Particle concentration fluoroimmunoassay detected elevated IgG-anti-bovine serum albumin antibodies in all diabetic children, enzyme immunoassay in 25% (p less than 0.0001). Fluoroimmunoassay detected elevated levels in 2.2% and enzyme immunoassay in 10% of control children (p less than 0.002). Elevated IgA-anti-bovine serum albumin antibodies in patients were slightly more often detected by fluoroimmunoassay than by enzyme immunoassay, while in control children enzyme immunoassays detected elevated levels three times more often (p less than 0.01). Values measured in either assay showed overall no correlation in either patient (IgG:rs = 0.28; IgA:rs = 0.11) or control sera (IgG:rs = 0.02; IgA:rs = -0.05). Fluoroimmunoassay for IgG was 100% disease-sensitive (enzyme immunoassay: 25%, p less than 0.0001) and more disease-specific (IgG; p less than 0.02). Our findings demonstrate that these assay techniques detected distinct subsets of anti-bovine serum albumin antibodies with little (IgG) or some (IgA) overlap. In fluoroimmunoassay procedures, antigen:antibody binding occurs within 1-2 min while hours are allowed in an enzyme immunoassay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Disease-associated anti-bovine serum albumin antibodies in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus are detected by particle concentration fluoroimmunoassay, and not by enzyme linked immunoassay. 145 58

We report the results of indirect immunofluorescent (IFI) detection of IgA and IgG antireticulin antibodies (IgA-ARA and IgG-ARA, respectively) in 283 serum samples from pediatric patients with coeliac disease (with and without gluten containing diets), patients with non-coeliac gastrointestinal disease, patients without gastrointestinal disease (control group) and patients with an increased risk for coeliac disease (diabetes mellitus, dermatitis herpetiformis or first grade relatives of coeliac patients). Our results indicate that IgA-ARA is a reproducible marker, with high positive (99-100%) and negative (100%) prediction values, when it is applied to children who have been on gluten containing diets for a long time (more than six months). The IgA-ARA measurement is not applicable in cases of selective IgA deficiency. Although IgG-ARA has a high predictive positive value, its low predictive negative value makes it a poor diagnostic tool. In the risk groups, our results suggest that these antibodies are useful in patient selection for intestinal biopsy.
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PMID:[Iga and IgG antireticuline in celiac disease. Their application as diagnostic markers of the disease]. 148 14

A 64-yr-old man presented with diabetes mellitus, proteinuria, hypertension and moderate renal dysfunction. Renal biopsy revealed diabetic glomerulosclerosis (diffuse lesion), IgA nephropathy and membranous nephropathy (stage 2). Both mesangial IgA and subepithelial IgG deposits were demonstrated by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Electron microscopic studies by immunogold method showed localization of IgA (diameter 15nm gold particles) within mesangial dense deposits and IgG (diameter 15nm gold particles) within subepithelial dense deposits. Overlapping IgA and membranous nephropathy was revealed in the same diabetic glomeruli with functional and biochemical alternations.
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PMID:[A case of superimposed renal lesions of IgA and membranous nephropathy with diabetic nephropathy]. 148 12

The prevalence of coeliac disease in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was investigated using a screening test of serum for antigliadin antibody by ELISA. One hundred and eighty (180) unselected diabetic children were screened for IgA and IgG class antigliadin antibodies (AGA); children with either grossly elevated or slightly elevated AGA had small bowel biopsies. The four children with the highest IgA AGA had total villous atrophy. These four children were considered to have unsuspected coeliac disease. The prevalence of coeliac disease in this group of children was one in 45. Anti-gliadin IgA and IgG tests are suitable for screening children at high risk of having coeliac disease.
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PMID:Co-existence of coeliac disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in children: screening sera using an ELISA test for gliadin antibody. 149 52

We describe five patients with IgA-nephropathy complicating diabetes mellitus. In four cases, diabetic glomerulosclerosis was present at the same time. One patient suffered from dermatitis herpetiformis. The observation of the present five cases together with the notion of an increased prevalence in diabetes mellitus of celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis suggests that the occurrence of IgA-nephropathy in diabetic patients is not mere coincidence.
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PMID:The occurrence of IgA-nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus may not be coincidental: a report of five cases. 151 6

We studied 18 newly diagnosed diabetic patients (8 males and 10 females, aged 18-26 years, within 10-120 days from the onset of symptoms) who were submitted for 15 days to intensive insulin therapy performed via subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). We investigated some metabolic and immunological parameters in order to identify a possible marker to predict the selection of patients potentially more responsive to CSII treatment for the remission of type 1 diabetes. In accordance with the International Diabetes Immunology Group we considered clinical remission as being the withdrawal of insulin therapy for at least 3 months. In order to assess beta-cell function a fasting and post-prandial serum C-peptide, blood glucose and HbA1c were performed on all patients before, and 3 days after, the discontinuation of CSII. Islet cell antibodies were determined in all sera by indirect immunofluorescence. Analysis of T-lymphocyte subpopulations was carried out before starting the therapy. The following monoclonal antibodies were used: CD4, CD8, CD57, CD25, HLA-DR. The levels of C3 and C4 and serum IgG, IgA and IgM were also evaluated. After CSII, 11 of 18 patients showed remission. At the beginning of the study we observed no major difference in metabolic parameters between the two groups. Interestingly, the patients who exhibited remission presented a statistically higher percentage of positive cells for CD57, HLA-DR and CD25 surface antigens, significantly lower C4 levels and CD4/CD8 ratio and significantly higher IgG levels compared with patients who did not show any remission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1992 May
PMID:In search of predictive markers of remission from insulin dependence in type 1 diabetes: a preliminary report. 160 Aug 53

In 27 children (15 males and 12 females) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), aged 1.2-13.5 years (mean 9.9 +/- 3.6 years) we investigated immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), IgG subclass levels and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) at diagnosis and at 6 and 12 months after disease onset. At diagnosis, IgG levels were lower than -2SD in 7 patients (26%), IgA in 1 (3.7%), IgM in 1 (3.7%). IgG subclass levels were below the 3rd percentile in 13 patients (48.1%); in particular IgG1 in 7 (26%), IgG2 in 3 (11.1%), IgG3 in 2 and IgG4 undetectable in 1 case. In 3 out of the 13 patients combined IgG1-IgG3, IgG1-IgG2 and IgG1-IgG4-IgA deficiencies were observed. ICA were greater than 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units in 17/27 patients. The HLA-DR2 frequency was higher in patients with IgG subclass deficiency than in patients with normal IgG subclass levels. During follow up, IgG levels normalized in 6 patients while IgA and IgM did not change. IgG1 normalized in 5 out of the 7 patients, IgG2 in all patients while IgG3 and IgG4 did not change. One year later ICA were still present in 8/27 patients. The hypogammaglobulinaemia and IgG subclass deficiencies observed in our patients could have either a genetic or an acquired basis.
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PMID:Transient IgG subclass deficiencies in newly diagnosed diabetic children. 160 Oct 8


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